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Volume 13
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Article

Bivalve Diversity on the Continental Shelf and Deep Sea of the Perdido Fold Belt, Northwest Gulf of Mexico, Mexico

by
Nancy Yolimar Suárez-Mozo
1,2,
Victor Manuel Vidal-Martínez
3,
M. Leopoldina Aguirre-Macedo
3,
Daniel Pech
4,
Edlin Guerra-Castro
5,6 and
Nuno Simões
2,6,7,*
1
Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México C.P. 04510, Mexico
2
Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación Sisal (UMDI-SISAL), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Puerto de abrigo s/n, Sisal, Yucatán C.P. 97356, Mexico
3
Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN Unidad Mérida, Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Carretera Antigua a Progreso km 6, Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97310, Mexico
4
Laboratorio de Biodiversidad Marina y Cambio Climático, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Av. Rancho Polígono 2-A, Col. Ciudad Industrial, Lerma, Campeche C.P. 24500, Mexico
5
Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Mérida, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Mérida-Tetiz, Km 4, Ucú, Yucatán C.P. 97357, Mexico
6
Laboratorio Nacional de Resiliencia Costera, Laboratorios Nacionales, CONACYT, Mexico City 03940, Mexico
7
International Chair for Coastal and Marine Studies, Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies, Texas A and M University–Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 77843, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diversity 2021, 13(4), 166; https://doi.org/10.3390/d13040166
Submission received: 8 March 2021 / Revised: 1 April 2021 / Accepted: 7 April 2021 / Published: 12 April 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Deep Atlantic Biodiversity)
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Abstract

Mollusk diversity in coastal areas of the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) has been studied extensively, but this is not the case for deep-water habitats. We present the first quantitative characterization of mollusks in shallow and deep waters of the Perdido Fold Belt. The data came from two research cruises completed in 2017. Sediment samples were collected from 56 sites using a 0.25-m2 box corer. We tested hypotheses about spatial patterns of α, β, and γ-diversity of bivalves in two water-depth zones, the continental shelf (43–200 m) and bathyal zone (375–3563 m). A total of 301 bivalves belonging to 39 species were identified. The two zones display similar levels of γ-diversity, but host different bivalve assemblages. In general, α-diversity was higher on the continental shelf, whereas β-diversity was higher in the bathyal zone. These patterns can be explained by the higher input of carbon (energy) to the near-coast shelf zone, as well as by the greater topographic complexity of habitats in the bathyal zone. These results enabled us to propose redirection of sampling efforts for environmental characterization from continental zones to the deep-water zone, especially in the context of environmental assessments during oil and gas exploration and production.
Keywords: bivalves; deep-sea fauna; species diversity; shelf and bathyal habitats; Gulf of Mexico bivalves; deep-sea fauna; species diversity; shelf and bathyal habitats; Gulf of Mexico
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MDPI and ACS Style

Suárez-Mozo, N.Y.; Vidal-Martínez, V.M.; Aguirre-Macedo, M.L.; Pech, D.; Guerra-Castro, E.; Simões, N. Bivalve Diversity on the Continental Shelf and Deep Sea of the Perdido Fold Belt, Northwest Gulf of Mexico, Mexico. Diversity 2021, 13, 166. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13040166

AMA Style

Suárez-Mozo NY, Vidal-Martínez VM, Aguirre-Macedo ML, Pech D, Guerra-Castro E, Simões N. Bivalve Diversity on the Continental Shelf and Deep Sea of the Perdido Fold Belt, Northwest Gulf of Mexico, Mexico. Diversity. 2021; 13(4):166. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13040166

Chicago/Turabian Style

Suárez-Mozo, Nancy Yolimar, Victor Manuel Vidal-Martínez, M. Leopoldina Aguirre-Macedo, Daniel Pech, Edlin Guerra-Castro, and Nuno Simões. 2021. "Bivalve Diversity on the Continental Shelf and Deep Sea of the Perdido Fold Belt, Northwest Gulf of Mexico, Mexico" Diversity 13, no. 4: 166. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13040166

APA Style

Suárez-Mozo, N. Y., Vidal-Martínez, V. M., Aguirre-Macedo, M. L., Pech, D., Guerra-Castro, E., & Simões, N. (2021). Bivalve Diversity on the Continental Shelf and Deep Sea of the Perdido Fold Belt, Northwest Gulf of Mexico, Mexico. Diversity, 13(4), 166. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13040166

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