Integrative Exploration of Paenibacillus sp. JSM-10 as a Potential Multi-Stress-Tolerant Microbial Inoculant for Sustainable Agriculture

Zhaksybek, Zhasmin; Sattarova, Adel; Akimbekova, Ainur; Shamukhan, Aldan; Rukavitsina, Irina; Abeldenov, Sailau; Zhumakayev, Anuar Rysbekovich

doi:10.3390/ijms27094062

Open AccessArticle

Integrative Exploration of Paenibacillus sp. JSM-10 as a Potential Multi-Stress-Tolerant Microbial Inoculant for Sustainable Agriculture

by

Zhasmin Zhaksybek

^1,2,

Adel Sattarova

^1,2,

Ainur Akimbekova

¹,

Aldan Shamukhan

¹

,

Irina Rukavitsina

³,

Sailau Abeldenov

^1,*

and

Anuar Rysbekovich Zhumakayev

¹

Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology, National Center for Biotechnology, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan

²

Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan

³

Microbiology Laboratory, A.I. Barayev Research and Production Centre for Grain Farming, Nauchny Set., Akmola Region 021601, Kazakhstan

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(9), 4062; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27094062

Submission received: 28 February 2026 / Revised: 27 April 2026 / Accepted: 27 April 2026 / Published: 30 April 2026

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Plant–Microbe Interaction)

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Abstract

Abiotic stress factors, including drought and salinity, severely limit crop productivity worldwide. Furthermore, the extensive use of herbicides, such as glyphosate, disrupts beneficial soil microbiota, further impairing crop growth. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) represent a sustainable and efficient strategy to enhance crop yields, particularly under unfavorable environmental and soil conditions. In this study, we characterized Paenibacillus sp. JSM-10, newly isolated from glyphosate-exposed agricultural soil, for its stress tolerance and plant growth-promoting potential, including its morphology examined using complementary microscopy techniques. The strain tolerated up to 0.5 g/L glyphosate, 15 g/L NaCl, and 100 g/L polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) without significant growth inhibition (p > 0.05), demonstrating robust resilience to such multiple abiotic stresses. Beyond its tolerance, the strain exhibited several beneficial characteristics, including indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) synthesis, siderophore production, and inorganic phosphate solubilization. Furthermore, both living cells and culture filtrates of JSM-10 exhibited a positive trend toward enhancing buckwheat growth under normal and saline conditions, with effect sizes ranging from Hedges’ g = 0.56−0.92. In addition, JSM-10 exhibited antagonistic activity against a range of pathogenic microorganisms, including Nigrospora oryzae, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Alternaria spp., and Escherichia coli. Altogether, these characteristics highlight the Paenibacillus sp. JSM-10 strain and its culture filtrates as promising candidates for application in organic farming aimed at promoting plant growth and improving stress tolerance via plant–microbe interactions.

Keywords: Paenibacillus sp.; PGPB; antagonistic activity; glyphosate; stress tolerance; plant-microbe stress alleviation; molecular biotechnology

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhaksybek, Z.; Sattarova, A.; Akimbekova, A.; Shamukhan, A.; Rukavitsina, I.; Abeldenov, S.; Zhumakayev, A.R. Integrative Exploration of Paenibacillus sp. JSM-10 as a Potential Multi-Stress-Tolerant Microbial Inoculant for Sustainable Agriculture. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27, 4062. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27094062

AMA Style

Zhaksybek Z, Sattarova A, Akimbekova A, Shamukhan A, Rukavitsina I, Abeldenov S, Zhumakayev AR. Integrative Exploration of Paenibacillus sp. JSM-10 as a Potential Multi-Stress-Tolerant Microbial Inoculant for Sustainable Agriculture. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2026; 27(9):4062. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27094062

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhaksybek, Zhasmin, Adel Sattarova, Ainur Akimbekova, Aldan Shamukhan, Irina Rukavitsina, Sailau Abeldenov, and Anuar Rysbekovich Zhumakayev. 2026. "Integrative Exploration of Paenibacillus sp. JSM-10 as a Potential Multi-Stress-Tolerant Microbial Inoculant for Sustainable Agriculture" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 27, no. 9: 4062. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27094062

APA Style

Zhaksybek, Z., Sattarova, A., Akimbekova, A., Shamukhan, A., Rukavitsina, I., Abeldenov, S., & Zhumakayev, A. R. (2026). Integrative Exploration of Paenibacillus sp. JSM-10 as a Potential Multi-Stress-Tolerant Microbial Inoculant for Sustainable Agriculture. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 27(9), 4062. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27094062

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Integrative Exploration of Paenibacillus sp. JSM-10 as a Potential Multi-Stress-Tolerant Microbial Inoculant for Sustainable Agriculture

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