Gene Expression Analysis of Immune Regulatory Genes in Circulating Tumour Cells and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Patients with Colorectal Carcinoma
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Enumeration of CTCs in Patients with CRC
2.2. Correction for Gene Expression by RT-PCR Due to Leukocyte Contamination in CTC-Enriched Fractions
2.3. Gene Expression Profile of CTC-Fractions and PBMCs
2.4. Clinical and Pathological Correlations
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Patients
4.2. Enrichment and Isolation of CTCs
4.3. Immunofluorescence Staining
4.4. Isolation of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs)
4.5. RNA Extraction and cDNA Conversion
4.6. Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
4.7. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Total (n = 62) | CTC = 0 (n = 24) | CTC < 10 (n = 20) | CTC ≥ 10 (n = 18) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | |||||
Female | 27 (43.55%) | 12 (44.44%) | 10 (37.04%) | 5 (18.52%) | 0.266 |
Male | 35 (56.45%) | 12 (34.29%) | 10 (28.57%) | 13 (37.14%) | |
Age | |||||
≤60 years | 13 (20.97%) | 4 (30.77%) | 6 (46.15%) | 3 (23.08%) | 0.483 |
>60 years | 49 (79.03%) | 20 (40.82%) | 14 (28.57%) | 15 (30.61%) | |
Size | |||||
≤50 mm | 44 (70.98%) | 19 (43.18%) | 16 (36.36%) | 9 (20.45%) | 0.051 |
>50 mm | 18 (29.03%) | 5 (27.78%) | 4 (22.22%) | 9 (50%) | |
Tumour perforation | |||||
No | 58 (93.5%) | 23 (39.7%) | 20 (34.5) | 15 (25.9%) | 0.077 |
With perforation | 4 (6.5%) | 1 (25%) | 0 (0.00%) | 3 (75%) | |
Site | |||||
Colon | 44 (70.97%) | 18 (40.91%) | 12 (27.27%) | 14 (31.82%) | 0.414 |
Rectum | 18 (29.03%) | 6 (33.33%) | 8 (44.44%) | 4 (22.22%) | |
Subtype | |||||
Conventional | 51 (82.25%) | 21 (41.18%) | 19 (37.25%) | 11 (21.57%) | 0.019 |
Mucinous | 11 (17.74%) | 3 (27.27%) | 1 (9.09%) | 7 (63.64%) | |
Grade | |||||
Well | 11 (17.74%) | 5 (45.45%) | 4 (36.36%) | 2 (18.18%) | 0.810 |
Moderate | 46 (74.19%) | 18 (39.13%) | 14 (30.43%) | 14 (30.43%) | |
Poor | 5 (8.06%) | 1 (20%) | 2 (40%) | 2 (40%) | |
T stage | |||||
I or II | 20 (32.26%) | 9 (45%) | 8 (40%) | 3 (15%) | 0.128 |
III or IV | 42 (67.74%) | 15 (35.71%) | 12 (28.57%) | 15 (35.71%) | |
Overall pathological stage | |||||
I or II | 39 (62.9%) | 17 (43.59%) | 14 (35.90%) | 8 (20.51%) | 0.045 |
III or IV | 23 (37.10%) | 7 (30.43%) | 6 (26.09%) | 10 (43.48%) | |
Lymph node status | |||||
Positive | 20 (32.26%) | 6 (30%) | 5 (25%) | 9 (45%) | 0.104 |
Negative | 42 (67.74%) | 18 (42.86%) | 15 (35.71%) | 9 (21.43%) | |
Distant metastasis | |||||
Positive | 9 (14.52%) | 2 (22.22%) | 2 (22.22%) | 5 (55.56%) | 0.090 |
Negative | 53 (85.48%) | 22 (30.2%) | 18 (69.8%) | 13 (24.53%) | |
MSI status | |||||
Stable | 52 (83.87%) | 20 (38.46%) | 16 (30.77%) | 16 (30.77%) | 0.643 |
High | 10 (16.13%) | 4 (40%) | 4 (40%) | 2 (20%) |
Characteristics | Total (29) | Low | High | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | ||||
Female | 11 (37.9%) | 4 (36.4%) | 7 (63.6%) | 0.313 |
Male | 18 (62.1%) | 10 (55.6%) | 8 (44.4%) | |
Age | ||||
≤60 years | 9 (31%) | 3 (33.3%) | 6 (66.7%) | 0.276 |
>60 years | 20(69%) | 11 (55%) | 9 (45%) | |
Size | ||||
≤50 mm | 21 (72.4%) | 8 (38.1%) | 13 (61.9%) | 0.071 |
>50 mm | 8 (27.6%) | 6 (75.0%) | 2 (25.0%) | |
Tumour perforation | ||||
No | 26 (89.7%) | 11 (42.3%) | 15 (57.75%) | 0.029 |
With perforation | 3 (10.3%) | 3 (100%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
Site | ||||
Colon | 16 (55.2%) | 9 (56.3%) | 7 (43.8%) | 0.339 |
Rectum | 13 (44.8%) | 5 (38.5%) | 8 (61.5%) | |
Grade | ||||
Well | 6 (20.7%) | 2 (33.3%) | 4 (66.7%) | 0.082 |
Moderate | 20 (69.0%) | 9(45.0%) | 11 (55.0%) | |
Poor | 3 (10.3%) | 3 (100%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
T stage | ||||
I or II | 9 (31.0%) | 5 (55.6%) | 4 (44.4%) | 0.599 |
III or IV | 20 (69.0%) | 9 (45.0%) | 11 (55.0%) | |
Lymph node status | ||||
Negative | 18 (62.1%) | 6 (33.3%) | 12 (66.7%) | 0.037 |
Positive | 11 (37.9%) | 8 (72.7%) | 3 (27.3%) | |
Distant metastasis | ||||
Negative | 23 (79.3%) | 9 (39.1%) | 14(60.9%) | 0.046 |
Positive | 6 (20.7%) | 5 (83.3%) | 1 (16.7%) | |
Overall stage | ||||
I or II | 16 (55.2%) | 4 (25.0%) | 12 (75.0%) | 0.004 |
III or IV | 13 (44.8%) | 10 (76.9%) | 3 (23.1%) | |
MSI status | ||||
Stable | 26 (89.7%) | 12 (46.2%) | 14 (53.8%) | 0.498 |
High | 3 (10.3%) | 2 (66.7%) | 1 (33.3%) | |
CTC group | ||||
Low | 16 (55.2%) | 5 (31.3%) | 11 (68.8%) | 0.039 |
High | 13 (44.8%) | 9 (69.2%) | 4 (30.8%) |
Characteristics | Total (n = 29) | Low | High | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | ||||
Female | 11 (37.9%) | 4 (36.4%) | 7 (63.6%) | 0.104 |
Male | 18 (62.1%) | 2 (11.1%) | 16 (88.9%) | |
Age | ||||
≤60 years | 8 (27.6%) | 3 (37.5%) | 5 (62.5%) | 0.185 |
>60 years | 21(72.4%) | 3 (14.3%) | 18 (85.7%) | |
Size | ||||
≤50 mm | 20 (69.0%) | 4 (20.0%) | 16 (80.0%) | 0.892 |
>50 mm | 9 (31.0%) | 2 (22.2%) | 7 (77.8%) | |
Tumour perforation | ||||
No | 26 (89.7%) | 6 (23.1%) | 20 (76.9%) | 0.224 |
With perforation | 3 (10.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (100.0%) | |
Site | ||||
Colon | 18 (62.1%) | 4 (22.2%) | 14 (77.8%) | 0.793 |
Rectum | 11 (37.9%) | 2 (18.2%) | 9 (81.8%) | |
Grade | ||||
Well | 5 (17.2%) | 1 (20.0%) | 4 (80.0%) | 0.355 |
Moderate | 20 (69.0%) | 5 (25.0%) | 15 (75.0%) | |
Poor | 4 (13.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (100.0%) | |
T stage | ||||
I or II | 12 (41.40%) | 4 (33.3%) | 8 (66.7%) | 0.160 |
III or IV | 17 (58.6%) | 2 (11.8%) | 15 (88.2%) | |
Lymph node status | ||||
Negative | 17 (58.6%) | 6 (35.3%) | 11 (64.7%) | 0.006 |
Positive | 12 (41.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 12 (100.0%) | |
Distant metastasis | ||||
Negative | 23 (79.3%) | 6 (26.1%) | 17 (73.9%) | 0.213 |
Positive | 6 (20.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 6 (100.0%) | |
Overall stage | ||||
I or II | 16 (55.2%) | 6 (37.5%) | 10 (62.5%) | 0.004 |
III or IV | 13 (44.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 13 (100.0%) | |
MSI status | ||||
Stable | 25 (86.2%) | 4 (16.0%) | 21 (84.0%) | 0.180 |
High | 4 (13.8%) | 2 (50.0%) | 2 (50.0%) | |
CTC group | ||||
Low | 14 (48.3%) | 5 (35.7%) | 9 (64.3%) | 0.046 |
High | 15 (51.7%) | 1 (6.7%) | 14 (93.3%) |
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Aktar, S.; Hamid, F.B.; Gamage, S.M.K.; Cheng, T.; Pakneshan, N.; Lu, C.T.; Islam, F.; Gopalan, V.; Lam, A.K.-y. Gene Expression Analysis of Immune Regulatory Genes in Circulating Tumour Cells and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Patients with Colorectal Carcinoma. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 5051. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24055051
Aktar S, Hamid FB, Gamage SMK, Cheng T, Pakneshan N, Lu CT, Islam F, Gopalan V, Lam AK-y. Gene Expression Analysis of Immune Regulatory Genes in Circulating Tumour Cells and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Patients with Colorectal Carcinoma. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(5):5051. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24055051
Chicago/Turabian StyleAktar, Sharmin, Faysal Bin Hamid, Sujani Madhurika Kodagoda Gamage, Tracie Cheng, Nahal Pakneshan, Cu Tai Lu, Farhadul Islam, Vinod Gopalan, and Alfred King-yin Lam. 2023. "Gene Expression Analysis of Immune Regulatory Genes in Circulating Tumour Cells and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Patients with Colorectal Carcinoma" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 5: 5051. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24055051