Macrophage Phenotyping in Atherosclerosis by Proteomics

Eligini, Sonia; Gianazza, Erica; Mallia, Alice; Ghilardi, Stefania; Banfi, Cristina

doi:10.3390/ijms24032613

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Macrophage Phenotyping in Atherosclerosis by Proteomics

by

Sonia Eligini

¹

,

Erica Gianazza

^1,*

,

Alice Mallia

^1,2

,

Stefania Ghilardi

¹ and

Cristina Banfi

¹

Centro Cardiologico Monzino I.R.C.C.S., 20138 Milan, Italy

²

Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(3), 2613; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032613

Submission received: 21 December 2022 / Revised: 23 January 2023 / Accepted: 25 January 2023 / Published: 30 January 2023

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Atherosclerosis: From Molecular Biology to Therapeutic Perspective 3.0)

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Abstract

Macrophages are heterogeneous and plastic cells, able to adapt their phenotype and functions to changes in the microenvironment. They are involved in several homeostatic processes and also in many human diseases, including atherosclerosis, where they participate in all the stages of the disease. For these reasons, macrophages have been studied extensively using different approaches, including proteomics. Proteomics, indeed, may be a powerful tool to better understand the behavior of these cells, and a careful analysis of the proteome of different macrophage phenotypes can help to better characterize the role of these phenotypes in atherosclerosis and provide a broad view of proteins that might potentially affect the course of the disease. In this review, we discuss the different proteomic techniques that have been used to delineate the proteomic profile of macrophage phenotypes and summarize some results that can help to elucidate the roles of macrophages and develop new strategies to counteract the progression of atherosclerosis and/or promote regression.

Keywords: atherosclerotic plaque; macrophage; proteomics

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MDPI and ACS Style

Eligini, S.; Gianazza, E.; Mallia, A.; Ghilardi, S.; Banfi, C. Macrophage Phenotyping in Atherosclerosis by Proteomics. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 2613. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032613

AMA Style

Eligini S, Gianazza E, Mallia A, Ghilardi S, Banfi C. Macrophage Phenotyping in Atherosclerosis by Proteomics. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(3):2613. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032613

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eligini, Sonia, Erica Gianazza, Alice Mallia, Stefania Ghilardi, and Cristina Banfi. 2023. "Macrophage Phenotyping in Atherosclerosis by Proteomics" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 3: 2613. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032613

APA Style

Eligini, S., Gianazza, E., Mallia, A., Ghilardi, S., & Banfi, C. (2023). Macrophage Phenotyping in Atherosclerosis by Proteomics. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(3), 2613. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032613

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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Macrophage Phenotyping in Atherosclerosis by Proteomics

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