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Review

Management of Obesity and Obesity-Related Disorders: From Stem Cells and Epigenetics to Its Treatment

by
Sara Cruciani
1,2,
Alessandro Palmerio Delitala
3,
Maria Laura Cossu
4,
Carlo Ventura
5 and
Margherita Maioli
1,2,6,*
1
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
2
Consorzio Interuniversitario “Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi” (INBB), Viale delle Medaglie d’Oro 305, 00136 Roma, Italy
3
Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
4
General Surgery Unit 2 “Clinica Chirurgica” Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences Department, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
5
National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, Eldor Lab, Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Via di Corticella 183, 40128 Bologna, Italy
6
Center for Developmental Biology and Reprogramming (CEDEBIOR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(3), 2310; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032310
Submission received: 30 December 2022 / Revised: 17 January 2023 / Accepted: 20 January 2023 / Published: 24 January 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural and Synthetic Compounds for Management, Prevention and Treatment of Obesity, 2nd Edition)
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Abstract

Obesity is a complex worldwide disease, characterized by an abnormal or excessive fat accumulation. The onset of this pathology is generally linked to a complex network of interactions among genetic and environmental factors, aging, lifestyle, and diets. During adipogenesis, several regulatory mechanisms and transcription factors are involved. As fat cells grow, adipose tissue becomes increasingly large and dysfunctional, losing its endocrine function, secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines, and recruiting infiltrating macrophages. This long-term low-grade systemic inflammation results in insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. In this review we describe the main mechanisms involved in adipogenesis, from a physiological condition to obesity. Current therapeutic strategies for the management of obesity and the related metabolic syndrome are also reported.
Keywords: adipose-derived stem cells; epigenetics; adipogenesis; obesity; cellular mechanisms; bariatric surgery; anti-obesity drugs adipose-derived stem cells; epigenetics; adipogenesis; obesity; cellular mechanisms; bariatric surgery; anti-obesity drugs

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MDPI and ACS Style

Cruciani, S.; Delitala, A.P.; Cossu, M.L.; Ventura, C.; Maioli, M. Management of Obesity and Obesity-Related Disorders: From Stem Cells and Epigenetics to Its Treatment. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 2310. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032310

AMA Style

Cruciani S, Delitala AP, Cossu ML, Ventura C, Maioli M. Management of Obesity and Obesity-Related Disorders: From Stem Cells and Epigenetics to Its Treatment. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(3):2310. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032310

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cruciani, Sara, Alessandro Palmerio Delitala, Maria Laura Cossu, Carlo Ventura, and Margherita Maioli. 2023. "Management of Obesity and Obesity-Related Disorders: From Stem Cells and Epigenetics to Its Treatment" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 3: 2310. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032310

APA Style

Cruciani, S., Delitala, A. P., Cossu, M. L., Ventura, C., & Maioli, M. (2023). Management of Obesity and Obesity-Related Disorders: From Stem Cells and Epigenetics to Its Treatment. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(3), 2310. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032310

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