Anti-Proteolytic Peptide R7I Protects the Intestinal Barrier and Alleviates Fatty Acid Malabsorption in Salmonella typhimurium-Infected Mice

Su, Yunzhe; Sun, Taotao; Gao, Junhan; Zhang, Chenxu; Liu, Xuesheng; Bi, Chongpeng; Wang, Jiajun; Shan, Anshan

doi:10.3390/ijms242216409

Open AccessArticle

Anti-Proteolytic Peptide R7I Protects the Intestinal Barrier and Alleviates Fatty Acid Malabsorption in Salmonella typhimurium-Infected Mice

by

Yunzhe Su

,

Taotao Sun

,

Junhan Gao

,

Chenxu Zhang

,

Xuesheng Liu

,

Chongpeng Bi

,

Jiajun Wang

^*

and

Anshan Shan

^*

College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(22), 16409; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216409

Submission received: 9 October 2023 / Revised: 26 October 2023 / Accepted: 6 November 2023 / Published: 16 November 2023

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds: Potential New Anti-inflammatory Drugs 2.0)

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Abstract

With a wide range of hosts, environmental adaptation, and antibiotic resistance, Salmonella typhimurium is one of the most common causes of food poisoning in the world. Infection with Salmonella typhimurium not only results in intestinal inflammation but also damages the intestinal barrier and interferes with the host’s ability to absorb nutrients. It is imperative to find alternatives to antibiotics for eradicating bacteria, reducing intestinal damage, and reestablishing nutrient absorption, especially given that antibiotics are currently prohibited. This research aims to understand the protective role of anti-proteolytic peptide R7I on the gut in the setting of Salmonella typhimurium infection and its impact on nutritional absorption, maybe offering an alternative to antibiotics for bacterial killing. The findings demonstrated that R7I reduced the production of inflammatory factors, including IL-6, TNF-α, and L-1β in the jejunum and decreased the expression of genes like TLR4 and NF-κB in the jejunum (p < 0.05). R7I enhanced antioxidant capacity and preserved the antioxidant/pro-oxidant balance in the jejunum (p < 0.05). R7I also normalized intestinal shape and restored tight junction protein expression. Fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2) and fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP4) expression in the jejunum was restored by R7I. In addition, serum-free fatty acids and lipid metabolites were significantly higher in the R7I group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Overall, the anti-enzyme peptide R7I maintained the healthy state of the intestine and alleviated the abnormal fatty acid absorption caused by bacterial infection.

Keywords: Salmonella typhimurium; anti-proteolytic peptide; inflammation; intestinal barrier; fatty acid absorption

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MDPI and ACS Style

Su, Y.; Sun, T.; Gao, J.; Zhang, C.; Liu, X.; Bi, C.; Wang, J.; Shan, A. Anti-Proteolytic Peptide R7I Protects the Intestinal Barrier and Alleviates Fatty Acid Malabsorption in Salmonella typhimurium-Infected Mice. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 16409. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216409

AMA Style

Su Y, Sun T, Gao J, Zhang C, Liu X, Bi C, Wang J, Shan A. Anti-Proteolytic Peptide R7I Protects the Intestinal Barrier and Alleviates Fatty Acid Malabsorption in Salmonella typhimurium-Infected Mice. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(22):16409. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216409

Chicago/Turabian Style

Su, Yunzhe, Taotao Sun, Junhan Gao, Chenxu Zhang, Xuesheng Liu, Chongpeng Bi, Jiajun Wang, and Anshan Shan. 2023. "Anti-Proteolytic Peptide R7I Protects the Intestinal Barrier and Alleviates Fatty Acid Malabsorption in Salmonella typhimurium-Infected Mice" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 22: 16409. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216409

APA Style

Su, Y., Sun, T., Gao, J., Zhang, C., Liu, X., Bi, C., Wang, J., & Shan, A. (2023). Anti-Proteolytic Peptide R7I Protects the Intestinal Barrier and Alleviates Fatty Acid Malabsorption in Salmonella typhimurium-Infected Mice. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(22), 16409. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242216409

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Anti-Proteolytic Peptide R7I Protects the Intestinal Barrier and Alleviates Fatty Acid Malabsorption in Salmonella typhimurium-Infected Mice

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