Influence of Drying Temperature and Harvesting Season on Phenolic Content and Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Olive (Olea europaea) Leaf Extracts

Losada-Echeberría, María; Naranjo, Gustavo; Malouche, Dhafer; Taamalli, Amani; Barrajón-Catalán, Enrique; Micol, Vicente

doi:10.3390/ijms24010054

Open AccessCommunication

Influence of Drying Temperature and Harvesting Season on Phenolic Content and Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Olive (Olea europaea) Leaf Extracts

by

María Losada-Echeberría

¹

,

Gustavo Naranjo

²,

Dhafer Malouche

^3,†,

Amani Taamalli

⁴,

Enrique Barrajón-Catalán

^1,*,‡

and

Vicente Micol

^1,5,‡

¹

Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain

²

Department of Life Sciences, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas-ESPE, Sangolquí P.O. Box 171-5-231B, Quito, Ecuador

³

Ecole Supérieure de la Statistique et de l’Analyse de l’Information, University of Carthage, 6 Rue des Métiers-Charguia II-B.P 675, Tunis 1080, Tunisia

⁴

Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l’Olivier, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj-Cedria, B/P 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia

⁵

CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

Current address: Statistics Program, Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.

^‡

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(1), 54; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010054

Submission received: 18 October 2022 / Revised: 15 December 2022 / Accepted: 16 December 2022 / Published: 20 December 2022

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Antioxidants in Human Health and Disease)

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Abstract

Interest in plant compounds has increased, given recent evidence regarding their role in human health due to their pleiotropic effects. For example, plant bioactive compounds present in food products, including polyphenols, are associated with preventive effects in various diseases, such as cancer or inflammation. Breast and colorectal cancers are among the most commonly diagnosed cancers globally. Although appreciable advances have been made in treatments, new therapeutic approaches are still needed. Thus, in this study, up to 28 olive leaf extracts were obtained during different seasons and using different drying temperatures. The influence of these conditions on total polyphenolic content (measured using Folin–Ciocalteu assays), antioxidant activity (using Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity and Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma assays) and antiproliferative capacity (using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, MTT assays) was tested in breast and colorectal cancer cells. Increased phenolic composition and antioxidant and antiproliferative capacity are noted in the extracts obtained from leaves harvested in autumn, followed by summer, spring and winter. Regarding drying conditions, although there is not a general trend, conditions using the highest temperatures lead to the optimal phenolic content and antioxidant and antiproliferative activities in most cases. These results confirm previously published studies and provide evidence in support of the influence of both harvesting and drying conditions on the biological activity of olive leaf extracts.

Keywords: antioxidant; antiproliferative; cancer; breast; colon; olive leaf extract; flavones

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MDPI and ACS Style

Losada-Echeberría, M.; Naranjo, G.; Malouche, D.; Taamalli, A.; Barrajón-Catalán, E.; Micol, V. Influence of Drying Temperature and Harvesting Season on Phenolic Content and Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Olive (Olea europaea) Leaf Extracts. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 54. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010054

AMA Style

Losada-Echeberría M, Naranjo G, Malouche D, Taamalli A, Barrajón-Catalán E, Micol V. Influence of Drying Temperature and Harvesting Season on Phenolic Content and Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Olive (Olea europaea) Leaf Extracts. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(1):54. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010054

Chicago/Turabian Style

Losada-Echeberría, María, Gustavo Naranjo, Dhafer Malouche, Amani Taamalli, Enrique Barrajón-Catalán, and Vicente Micol. 2023. "Influence of Drying Temperature and Harvesting Season on Phenolic Content and Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Olive (Olea europaea) Leaf Extracts" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 1: 54. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010054

APA Style

Losada-Echeberría, M., Naranjo, G., Malouche, D., Taamalli, A., Barrajón-Catalán, E., & Micol, V. (2023). Influence of Drying Temperature and Harvesting Season on Phenolic Content and Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Olive (Olea europaea) Leaf Extracts. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(1), 54. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010054

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Influence of Drying Temperature and Harvesting Season on Phenolic Content and Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Olive (Olea europaea) Leaf Extracts

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