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Review

An Overview of Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Neurodegenerative Diseases

by
Daniel Mihai Teleanu
1,
Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu
2,
Iulia Ioana Lungu
2,3,
Crina Ioana Radu
4,
Oana Vladâcenco
1,5,
Eugenia Roza
1,5,
Bogdan Costăchescu
6,7,
Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
2,8,9,* and
Raluca Ioana Teleanu
1,5
1
“Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
2
Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
3
National Institute of Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (NILPRP), 077125 Magurele, Romania
4
Department of Neurosurgery (I), Bucharest University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
5
Department of Pediatric Neurology, “Dr. Victor Gomoiu” Children’s Hospital, 022102 Bucharest, Romania
6
“Gr. T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
7
“Prof. Dr. N. Oblu” Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700309 Iasi, Romania
8
ICUB—Research Institute of University of Bucharest, University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania
9
Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov No. 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(11), 5938; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23115938
Submission received: 8 May 2022 / Revised: 23 May 2022 / Accepted: 24 May 2022 / Published: 25 May 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biological Role of Oxidative Stress in Inflammatory Diseases)

Abstract

Oxidative stress has been linked with a variety of diseases, being involved in the debut and/or progress of several neurodegenerative disorders. This review intends to summarize some of the findings that correlate the overproduction of reactive oxygen species with the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Oxidative stress was also noted to modify the inflammatory response. Even though oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are two totally different pathological events, they are linked and affect one another. Nonetheless, there are still several mechanisms that need to be understood regarding the onset and the progress of neurodegenerative diseases in order to develop efficient therapies. As antioxidants are a means to alter oxidative stress and slow down the symptoms of these neurodegenerative diseases, the most common antioxidants, enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic, have been mentioned in this paper as therapeutic options for the discussed disorders.
Keywords: reactive oxidative species; neuroinflammation; neurodegenerative disease; antioxidants reactive oxidative species; neuroinflammation; neurodegenerative disease; antioxidants

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Teleanu, D.M.; Niculescu, A.-G.; Lungu, I.I.; Radu, C.I.; Vladâcenco, O.; Roza, E.; Costăchescu, B.; Grumezescu, A.M.; Teleanu, R.I. An Overview of Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 5938. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23115938

AMA Style

Teleanu DM, Niculescu A-G, Lungu II, Radu CI, Vladâcenco O, Roza E, Costăchescu B, Grumezescu AM, Teleanu RI. An Overview of Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Neurodegenerative Diseases. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(11):5938. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23115938

Chicago/Turabian Style

Teleanu, Daniel Mihai, Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu, Iulia Ioana Lungu, Crina Ioana Radu, Oana Vladâcenco, Eugenia Roza, Bogdan Costăchescu, Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu, and Raluca Ioana Teleanu. 2022. "An Overview of Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Neurodegenerative Diseases" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 11: 5938. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23115938

APA Style

Teleanu, D. M., Niculescu, A.-G., Lungu, I. I., Radu, C. I., Vladâcenco, O., Roza, E., Costăchescu, B., Grumezescu, A. M., & Teleanu, R. I. (2022). An Overview of Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Neurodegenerative Diseases. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(11), 5938. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23115938

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