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Article

Microbe-Derived Antioxidants Alleviate Liver and Adipose Tissue Lipid Disorders and Metabolic Inflammation Induced by High Fat Diet in Mice

by
Qingying Gao
,
Zhen Luo
,
Sheng Ma
,
Chengbing Yu
,
Cheng Shen
,
Weina Xu
,
Jing Zhang
,
Hongcai Zhang
and
Jianxiong Xu
*
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology/Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200241, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(4), 3269; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043269
Submission received: 21 November 2022 / Revised: 20 January 2023 / Accepted: 25 January 2023 / Published: 7 February 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biological Role of Oxidative Stress in Inflammatory Diseases)
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Abstract

Obesity induces lipodystrophy and metabolic inflammation. Microbe-derived antioxidants (MA) are novel small-molecule nutrients obtained from microbial fermentation, and have anti-oxidation, lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory effects. Whether MA can regulate obesity-induced lipodystrophy and metabolic inflammation has not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of MA on oxidative stress, lipid disorders, and metabolic inflammation in liver and epididymal adipose tissues (EAT) of mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). Results showed that MA was able to reverse the HFD-induced increase in body weight, body fat rate and Lee’s index in mice; reduce the fat content in serum, liver and EAT; and regulate the INS, LEP and resistin adipokines as well as free fatty acids to their normal levels. MA also reduced de novo synthesis of fat in the liver and EAT and promoted gene expression for lipolysis, fatty acid transport and β-oxidation. MA decreased TNF-α and MCP1 content in serum, elevated SOD activity in liver and EAT, induced macrophage polarization toward the M2 type, inhibited the NLRP3 pathway, increased gene expression of the anti-inflammatory factors IL-4 and IL-13 and suppressed gene expression of the pro-inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α and MCP1, thereby attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation induced by HFD. In conclusion, MA can effectively reduce HFD-induced weight gain and alleviate obesity-induced oxidative stress, lipid disorders and metabolic inflammation in the liver and EAT, indicating that MA shows great promise as a functional food.
Keywords: Microbe-derived antioxidants; liver; epididymal adipose tissues; oxidative stress; lipid metabolism disorders; meta-inflammation Microbe-derived antioxidants; liver; epididymal adipose tissues; oxidative stress; lipid metabolism disorders; meta-inflammation

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Gao, Q.; Luo, Z.; Ma, S.; Yu, C.; Shen, C.; Xu, W.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, H.; Xu, J. Microbe-Derived Antioxidants Alleviate Liver and Adipose Tissue Lipid Disorders and Metabolic Inflammation Induced by High Fat Diet in Mice. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 3269. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043269

AMA Style

Gao Q, Luo Z, Ma S, Yu C, Shen C, Xu W, Zhang J, Zhang H, Xu J. Microbe-Derived Antioxidants Alleviate Liver and Adipose Tissue Lipid Disorders and Metabolic Inflammation Induced by High Fat Diet in Mice. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(4):3269. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043269

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gao, Qingying, Zhen Luo, Sheng Ma, Chengbing Yu, Cheng Shen, Weina Xu, Jing Zhang, Hongcai Zhang, and Jianxiong Xu. 2023. "Microbe-Derived Antioxidants Alleviate Liver and Adipose Tissue Lipid Disorders and Metabolic Inflammation Induced by High Fat Diet in Mice" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 4: 3269. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043269

APA Style

Gao, Q., Luo, Z., Ma, S., Yu, C., Shen, C., Xu, W., Zhang, J., Zhang, H., & Xu, J. (2023). Microbe-Derived Antioxidants Alleviate Liver and Adipose Tissue Lipid Disorders and Metabolic Inflammation Induced by High Fat Diet in Mice. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(4), 3269. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043269

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