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Article

Comparison of Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, and DNA-Protective Effects of Skyrin on Cancerous vs. Non-Cancerous Human Cells

by
Terézia Zajičková
1,
Eva Horváthová
2,
Stanislav Kyzek
1,*,
Eva Šályová
1,
Eva Túryová
1,
Andrea Ševčovičová
1 and
Eliška Gálová
1
1
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
2
Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Centre of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(10), 5339; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105339
Submission received: 20 April 2022 / Revised: 6 May 2022 / Accepted: 9 May 2022 / Published: 10 May 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds: From Diet to Therapeutic Use)
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Abstract

Secondary metabolites as a potential source of anticancer therapeutics have been the subject of many studies. Since hypericin, a metabolite isolated from Hypericum perforatum L., shows several biomedical properties applicable in oncology, the aim of our study was to investigate its potential precursor skyrin in terms of genotoxic and DNA-protective effects. These skyrin effects were analyzed by cell-free methods, and cytotoxicity was estimated by an MTT assay and by a trypan blue exclusion test, while the genotoxic/antigenotoxic potential was examined by comet assay using non-cancerous human lymphocytes and the HepG2 cancer cell line. Skyrin did not show DNA-damaging effects but rather exhibited DNA-protectivity using a DNA-topology assay. However, we observed only weak antioxidant and chelating skyrin properties in other cell-free methods. Regarding the cytotoxic activity of skyrin, HepG2 cells were more prone to skyrin-induced death in comparison to human lymphocytes. Skyrin in non-cytotoxic concentrations did not exhibit elevated genotoxicity in both cell types. On the other hand, skyrin displayed moderate DNA-protective effects that were more noticeable in the case of non-cancerous human lymphocytes. The potential genotoxic effects of skyrin were not observed, and its DNA-protective capacity was more prominent in non-cancerous cells. Therefore, skyrin might be a promising agent used in anticancer therapy.
Keywords: skyrin; genotoxicity; cytotoxicity; DNA-protectivity; comet assay; HepG2 cells; lymphocytes skyrin; genotoxicity; cytotoxicity; DNA-protectivity; comet assay; HepG2 cells; lymphocytes

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zajičková, T.; Horváthová, E.; Kyzek, S.; Šályová, E.; Túryová, E.; Ševčovičová, A.; Gálová, E. Comparison of Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, and DNA-Protective Effects of Skyrin on Cancerous vs. Non-Cancerous Human Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 5339. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105339

AMA Style

Zajičková T, Horváthová E, Kyzek S, Šályová E, Túryová E, Ševčovičová A, Gálová E. Comparison of Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, and DNA-Protective Effects of Skyrin on Cancerous vs. Non-Cancerous Human Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(10):5339. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105339

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zajičková, Terézia, Eva Horváthová, Stanislav Kyzek, Eva Šályová, Eva Túryová, Andrea Ševčovičová, and Eliška Gálová. 2022. "Comparison of Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, and DNA-Protective Effects of Skyrin on Cancerous vs. Non-Cancerous Human Cells" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 10: 5339. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105339

APA Style

Zajičková, T., Horváthová, E., Kyzek, S., Šályová, E., Túryová, E., Ševčovičová, A., & Gálová, E. (2022). Comparison of Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, and DNA-Protective Effects of Skyrin on Cancerous vs. Non-Cancerous Human Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(10), 5339. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105339

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