Abnormal Social Interactions in a Drosophila Mutant of an Autism Candidate Gene: Neuroligin 3
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Nlg3 Protein Abundance Is Not Altered in Mutants or with Age
2.2. nlg3 Affects Social Space in a Sexually Dimorphic Manner with Age
2.3. nlg3 Alters Startle-Induced and Spontaneous Locomotor Activity
2.4. Aggression and dSO Avoidance Are Decreased in nlg3 Mutants in a Sex-Specific Manner
2.5. nlg3 Is Required for a Typical Response to the Social Environment
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Generation of nlg3 Deletion (nlg3Def1)
4.2. Isolation of cDNA Containing nlg3 ORF and UAS Transgene for Overexpression
4.3. Fly Stocks and Husbandry
4.4. Antibody Production
4.5. Western Blot and Protein Analysis
4.6. Fly Handling Prior to Behavior
4.7. Social Space Assay and ImageJ Analysis
4.8. Sociability
4.9. Aggression
4.10. dSO Avoidance
4.11. Climbing
4.12. Activity
4.13. Social Isolation
4.14. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
4BL | Four Body Lengths |
dSO | Drosophila Stress Odorant |
CNS | Central nervous system |
nlg3 | neuroligin 3 |
NMJ | neuromuscular junction |
GH | Group housed |
SH | Single housed |
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Males | Females | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Social Behaviours | Social Space | 3-4 | 🢆 | ns |
7-10 | 🢆 | ns | ||
Isolation | 🢆 | 🢆 | ||
Sociability | 3-4 | ns | ns | |
7-10 | ns | ns | ||
Aggression | 3-4 | ns | ns | |
7-10 | 🢅 | ns | ||
dSO Avoidance | 3-4 | ns | 🢆 | |
7-10 | ns | 🢆 | ||
Non-social Behaviours | Startle-Induced Climbing | 3-4 | 🢆 | 🢆 |
7-10 | 🢆 | 🢆 | ||
Spontaneous Locomotor Activity | 3-4 | ns | ns | |
7-10 | 🢆 | ns | ||
🢆 Indicates significant decrease compared to Cs | ||||
🢅 Indicates significant increase compared to Cs | ||||
ns: not significant |
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Yost, R.T.; Robinson, J.W.; Baxter, C.M.; Scott, A.M.; Brown, L.P.; Aletta, M.S.; Hakimjavadi, R.; Lone, A.; Cumming, R.C.; Dukas, R.; et al. Abnormal Social Interactions in a Drosophila Mutant of an Autism Candidate Gene: Neuroligin 3. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 4601. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21134601
Yost RT, Robinson JW, Baxter CM, Scott AM, Brown LP, Aletta MS, Hakimjavadi R, Lone A, Cumming RC, Dukas R, et al. Abnormal Social Interactions in a Drosophila Mutant of an Autism Candidate Gene: Neuroligin 3. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(13):4601. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21134601
Chicago/Turabian StyleYost, Ryley T., J. Wesley Robinson, Carling M. Baxter, Andrew M. Scott, Liam P. Brown, M. Sol Aletta, Ramtin Hakimjavadi, Asad Lone, Robert C. Cumming, Reuven Dukas, and et al. 2020. "Abnormal Social Interactions in a Drosophila Mutant of an Autism Candidate Gene: Neuroligin 3" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 13: 4601. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21134601