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Article

Innate Immune Response against Staphylococcus aureus Preincubated with Subinhibitory Concentration of trans-Anethole

1
Department of Diagnostic Immunology, Chair of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
2
Center of Bioimmobilisation and Innovative Packaging Materials, Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, 71-270 Szczecin, Poland
3
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chair of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
4
Department of Allergology and Respiratory Rehabilitation, Medical University of Łódź, 90-752 Łódź, Poland
5
Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland
6
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Łódź, 90-752 Łódź, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(11), 4178; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114178
Received: 23 May 2020 / Revised: 7 June 2020 / Accepted: 9 June 2020 / Published: 11 June 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Terpenes and Essential Oils: Health Risks and Benefits)
The study aimed to analyze morphological and functional changes of Staphylococcus aureus cells due to trans-anethole (a terpenoid and the major constituent of fennel, anise, or star anise essential oils) exposition, and their consequences for human neutrophils phagocytic activity as well as IL-8 production (recognized as the major chemoattractant). The investigation included the evaluation of changes occurring in S. aureus cultures, i.e., staphyloxanthin production, antioxidant activities, cell size distribution, and cells composition as a result of incubation with trans-anethole. It was found that the presence of trans-anethole in the culture medium reduced the level of staphyloxanthin production, as well as decreased antioxidant activities. Furthermore, trans-anethole-treated cells were characterized by larger size and a tendency to diffuse in comparison to the non-treated cells. Several cell components, such as phospholipids and peptidoglycan, were found remarkably elevated in the cultures treated with trans-anethole. As a result of the aforementioned cellular changes, the bacteria were phagocytized by neutrophils more efficiently (ingestion and parameters associated with killing activity were at a higher level as compared to the control system). Additionally, IL-8 production was at a higher level for trans-anethole modified bacteria. Our results suggest that trans-anethole represents a promising measure in combating severe staphylococcal infections, which has an important translational potential for clinical applications. View Full-Text
Keywords: trans-anethole; staphyloxanthin; phagocytosis; IL-8; Staphylococcus aureus trans-anethole; staphyloxanthin; phagocytosis; IL-8; Staphylococcus aureus
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MDPI and ACS Style

Kwiatkowski, P.; Wojciuk, B.; Wojciechowska-Koszko, I.; Łopusiewicz, Ł.; Grygorcewicz, B.; Pruss, A.; Sienkiewicz, M.; Fijałkowski, K.; Kowalczyk, E.; Dołęgowska, B. Innate Immune Response against Staphylococcus aureus Preincubated with Subinhibitory Concentration of trans-Anethole. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 4178. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114178

AMA Style

Kwiatkowski P, Wojciuk B, Wojciechowska-Koszko I, Łopusiewicz Ł, Grygorcewicz B, Pruss A, Sienkiewicz M, Fijałkowski K, Kowalczyk E, Dołęgowska B. Innate Immune Response against Staphylococcus aureus Preincubated with Subinhibitory Concentration of trans-Anethole. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(11):4178. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114178

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kwiatkowski, Paweł, Bartosz Wojciuk, Iwona Wojciechowska-Koszko, Łukasz Łopusiewicz, Bartłomiej Grygorcewicz, Agata Pruss, Monika Sienkiewicz, Karol Fijałkowski, Edward Kowalczyk, and Barbara Dołęgowska. 2020. "Innate Immune Response against Staphylococcus aureus Preincubated with Subinhibitory Concentration of trans-Anethole" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 11: 4178. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114178

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