Two Novel er1 Alleles Conferring Powdery Mildew (Erysiphe pisi) Resistance Identified in a Worldwide Collection of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Germplasms
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Phenotypic Evaluation
2.2. PsMLO1 Sequence Analysis
2.3. Genetic Analysis and Mapping of er1-8 and er1-9
2.4. Development of Functional Markers for er1-8 and er1-9
2.5. Validation and Application of Functional Markers
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Material and E. pisi Isolate
4.2. Phenotypic Evaluation
4.3. RNA Extraction and PsMLO1 Sequence Analysis
4.4. Genetic Analysis of Pea Germplasms Carrying Novel Alleles
4.5. Genetic Mapping of the Resistance Alleles er1-8 and er1-9
4.6. Development of Functional Markers for er1-8 and er1-9
4.7. Validation and Application of Functional Markers
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
SSR | Simple sequence repeat |
SNP | Single nucleotide polymorphism |
InDel | Insertion/deletion |
KASPar | Kompetitive allele-specific PCR |
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No. | Accession No./Germplasm Name | Origin | Phenotype | er1 Allele | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | G0004389 | Afghanistan | I | er1-8 | This study |
2 | G0004382 | Australia | I | er1-1 | This study |
3 | G0004400 | Australia | I | er1-9 | This study |
4 | G0004417 | Australia | I | er1-2 | This study |
5 | G0004434 | Australia | I | er1-2 | This study |
6 | G0004448 | Australia | I | er1-2 | This study |
7 | G0004450 | Australia | I | er1-2 | This study |
8 | G0002102 | Canada | I | er1-6 | This study |
9 | G0006514 | Canada | R | er1-2 | This study |
10 | G0006515 | Canada | R | er1-2 | This study |
11 | G0006516 | Canada | I | er1-2 | This study |
12 | G0006519 | Canada | I | er1-2 | This study |
13 | G0003925 | Canada | I | er1-1 | [41] |
14 | Cooper | Canada | I | er1-1 | [41] |
15 | G0005576 | China, Chongqing | I | er1-2 | [27] |
16 | G0006273 | China, Gansu | I | er1-2 | [24] |
17 | 20012 | China, Gansu | I | er1-1 | This study |
18 | Jia2 | China, Gansu | I | er1-2 | This study |
19 | Texuan11 | China, Gansu | I | er1-2 | This study |
20 | Hehuan66 | China, Gansu | R | er1-1 | This study |
21 | Longwan 1 | China, Gansu | S | Er1 | [51] |
22 | PI391630 | China, Guangdong | I | er1-4 | [14] |
23 | Xucai1 | China, Hebei | I | er1-2 | [25] |
24 | G0003694 | China, Hebei | R | er1-6 | [27] |
25 | Bawan 6 | China, Hebei | S | Er1 | [24] |
26 | L0314 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-1 | [51] |
27 | L1332 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-2 | [51] |
28 | L1335 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-2 | [51] |
29 | G0001747 | China, Yunnan | R | er1-6 | This study |
30 | G0001752 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-6 | [27] |
31 | G0001763 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-6 | [27] |
32 | G0001764 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-6 | [27] |
33 | G0001767 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-6 | [27] |
34 | G0001768 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-6 | [27] |
35 | G0001773 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-6 | This study |
36 | G0001777 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-6 | [27] |
37 | G0001778 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-6 | [27] |
38 | G0001780 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-6 | [27] |
39 | G0003824 | China, Yunnan | R | er1-6 | [27] |
40 | G0003825 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-6 | [27] |
41 | G0003826 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-6 | [27] |
42 | G0003831 | China, Yunnan | R | er1-6 | [27] |
43 | G0003834 | China, Yunnan | R | er1-6 | [27] |
44 | G0003836 | China, Yunnan | R | er1-6 | [27] |
45 | G0003839 | China, Yunnan | R | er1-6 | This study |
46 | G0005117 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-6 | This study |
47 | G0003974 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-7 | This study |
48 | G0003975 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-7 | This study |
49 | Yunwan4 | China, Yunnan | R | er1-1 | This study |
50 | Yunwan18 | China, Yunnan | R | er1-2 | This study |
51 | Yunwan35 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-2 | This study |
52 | Yunwan37 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-6 | This study |
53 | L2157 | China, Yunnan | I | er1-2 | This study |
54 | G0002848 | Denmark | I | er1-2 | This study |
55 | G0002971 | England | I | er1-2 | This study |
56 | G0002859 | Germany | I | er1-2 | This study |
57 | G0002860 | Germany | I | er1-2 | This study |
58 | G0002883 | Germany | I | er1-2 | This study |
59 | G0003895 | ICRISAT | I | er1-7 | [26] |
60 | G0003897 | ICRISAT | I | er1-2 | This study |
61 | G0003899 | ICRISAT | I | er1-7 | [26] |
62 | G0003907 | ICRISAT | I | er1-2 | This study |
63 | G0003911 | ICRISAT | I | er1-2 | This study |
64 | G0003961 | India | I | er1-2 | This study |
65 | G0003967 | India | I | er1-7 | [26] |
66 | G0003958 | India | I | er1-7 | [26] |
67 | G0006285 | Japan | R | er1-2 | This study |
68 | G0004332 | Mexico | R | er1-1 | This study |
69 | G0004394 | Nepal | R | er1-7 | [26] |
70 | G0002980 | Unknown country | I | er1-2 | This study |
71 | G0003931 | Unknown country | I | er1-7 | [26] |
72 | G0003935 | Unknown country | I | er1-2 | This study |
73 | G0003936 | Unknown country | I | er1-7 | [26] |
74 | G0003942 | Unknown country | I | er1-1 | This study |
75 | G0003943 | Unknown country | I | er1-1 | This study |
76 | G0002128 | USA | I | er1-2 | This study |
77 | G0002129 | USA | I | er1-2 | This study |
78 | G0002131 | USA | I | er1-2 | This study |
79 | G0002132 | USA | I | er1-2 | This study |
80 | G0002134 | USA | I | er1-2 | This study |
81 | G0002137 | USA | I | er1-2 | This study |
82 | G0002183 | USA | I | er1-2 | This study |
83 | G0002235 | USA | I | er1-6 | This study |
84 | G0002250 | USA | I | er1-2 | This study |
85 | G0002602 | USA | I | er1-2 | This study |
86 | G0002608 | USA | I | er1-2 | This study |
87 | G0002847 | USA | I | er1-2 | This study |
88 | G0002960 | USA | I | er1-2 | This study |
Country | No. of Pea Germplasm Accessions Contained er1 Alleles | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
er1-1 | er1-2 | er1-3 | er1-4 | er1-5 | er1-6 | er1-7 | er1-8 | er1-9 | Total | |
USA | - | 12 | - | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | 13 |
Canada | - | 4 | - | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | 5 |
Germany | - | 3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3 |
ICRISAT | - | 3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3 |
India | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 |
Australia | 1 | 4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 6 |
England | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 |
Denmark | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 |
Nepal | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0 |
Japan | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 |
Afghanistan | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | - | 1 |
Mexico | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 |
China | 3 | 5 | - | - | - | 5 | 2 | - | - | 15 |
Unknown country | 2 | 2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4 |
Total | 7 | 37 | - | - | - | 7 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 55 |
Markers | Primers | Sequence Information (5′-3′) | Annealing Tm |
---|---|---|---|
InDel-er1-8 | Forward | GTTTTGACTGATATGACAGATGGGA | 55 °C |
Reverse | GTTTGTAGACTGTCGCTGTTTCC | ||
KASPar-er1-8 | Forward-TGG | TGGCAACAGCGCTTAAGAACTGG | 65–57 °C touchdown |
Forward | GAGCAACAGCGCTTAAGAACTGG | ||
Common reverse | TGGTTGGTTTCATGGTTGATCCCATC | ||
KASPar-er1-9 | Forward-T | TTTTGTTATATGGGCAGGGTGGTATT | 65–57 °C touchdown |
Forward | TGTTATATGGGCAGGGTGGTATC | ||
Common reverse | CAAAATGTAGATTATGCTTACAATTAGTGGA |
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Sun, S.; Deng, D.; Duan, C.; Zong, X.; Xu, D.; He, Y.; Zhu, Z. Two Novel er1 Alleles Conferring Powdery Mildew (Erysiphe pisi) Resistance Identified in a Worldwide Collection of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Germplasms. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 5071. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205071
Sun S, Deng D, Duan C, Zong X, Xu D, He Y, Zhu Z. Two Novel er1 Alleles Conferring Powdery Mildew (Erysiphe pisi) Resistance Identified in a Worldwide Collection of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Germplasms. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(20):5071. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205071
Chicago/Turabian StyleSun, Suli, Dong Deng, Canxing Duan, Xuxiao Zong, Dongxu Xu, Yuhua He, and Zhendong Zhu. 2019. "Two Novel er1 Alleles Conferring Powdery Mildew (Erysiphe pisi) Resistance Identified in a Worldwide Collection of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Germplasms" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 20: 5071. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205071