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Article

Carbon Nanomaterials and LED Irradiation as Antibacterial Strategies against Gram-Positive Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens

1
Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
2
Facultad de Veterinaria y Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, c/Guillem de Castro 94, 46001 Valencia, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(14), 3603; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20143603
Received: 27 June 2019 / Revised: 14 July 2019 / Accepted: 17 July 2019 / Published: 23 July 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Graphene-Based Materials: Biological and Biomedical Applications)
Background: Due to current antibiotic resistance worldwide, there is an urgent need to find new alternative antibacterial approaches capable of dealing with multidrug-resistant pathogens. Most recent studies have demonstrated the antibacterial activity and non-cytotoxicity of carbon nanomaterials such as graphene oxide (GO) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs). On the other hand, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have shown great potential in a wide range of biomedical applications. Methods: We investigated a nanotechnological strategy consisting of GO or CNFs combined with light-emitting diod (LED) irradiation as novel nanoweapons against two clinically relevant Gram-positive multidrug-resistant pathogens: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE). The cytotoxicity of GO and CNFs was studied in the presence of human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Results: GO or CNFs exhibited no cytotoxicity and high antibacterial activity in direct contact with MRSE and MRSA cells. Furthermore, when GO or CNFs were illuminated with LED light, the MRSE and MRSA cells lost viability. The rate of decrease in colony forming units from 0 to 3 h, measured per mL, increased to 98.5 ± 1.6% and 95.8 ± 1.4% for GO and 99.5 ± 0.6% and 99.7 ± 0.2% for CNFs. Conclusions: This combined antimicrobial approach opens up many biomedical research opportunities and provides an enhanced strategy for the prevention and treatment of Gram-positive multidrug-resistant infections. View Full-Text
Keywords: carbon nanomaterials; antibacterial activity; graphene oxide; carbon nanofibers; LED; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis; cytotoxicity; human keratinocyte HaCaT cells carbon nanomaterials; antibacterial activity; graphene oxide; carbon nanofibers; LED; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis; cytotoxicity; human keratinocyte HaCaT cells
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MDPI and ACS Style

Elias, L.; Taengua, R.; Frígols, B.; Salesa, B.; Serrano-Aroca, Á. Carbon Nanomaterials and LED Irradiation as Antibacterial Strategies against Gram-Positive Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 3603. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20143603

AMA Style

Elias L, Taengua R, Frígols B, Salesa B, Serrano-Aroca Á. Carbon Nanomaterials and LED Irradiation as Antibacterial Strategies against Gram-Positive Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(14):3603. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20143603

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elias, Lisa, Rafael Taengua, Belén Frígols, Beatriz Salesa, and Ángel Serrano-Aroca. 2019. "Carbon Nanomaterials and LED Irradiation as Antibacterial Strategies against Gram-Positive Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 14: 3603. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20143603

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