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Volume 20
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Article

Metabolomic Studies of Tissue Injury in Nonhuman Primates Exposed to Gamma-Radiation

by
Amrita K. Cheema
1,2,
Khyati Y. Mehta
1,
Meena U. Rajagopal
1,
Stephen Y. Wise
3,4,
Oluseyi O. Fatanmi
3,4 and
Vijay K. Singh
3,4,*
1
Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20001, USA
2
Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20001, USA
3
Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, USUHS, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
4
Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, USUHS, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(13), 3360; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133360
Submission received: 1 June 2019 / Revised: 3 July 2019 / Accepted: 7 July 2019 / Published: 9 July 2019
(This article belongs to the Section Biochemistry)
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Abstract

Exposure to ionizing radiation induces a complex cascade of systemic and tissue-specific responses that lead to functional impairment over time in the surviving population. However, due to the lack of predictive biomarkers of tissue injury, current methods for the management of survivors of radiation exposure episodes involve monitoring of individuals over time for the development of adverse clinical symptoms and death. Herein, we report on changes in metabolomic and lipidomic profiles in multiple tissues of nonhuman primates (NHPs) that were exposed to a single dose of 7.2 Gy whole-body 60Co γ-radiation that either survived or succumbed to radiation toxicities over a 60-day period. This study involved the delineation of the radiation effects in the liver, kidney, jejunum, heart, lung, and spleen. We found robust metabolic changes in the kidney and liver and modest changes in other tissue types at the 60-day time point in a cohort of NHPs. Remarkably, we found significant elevation of long-chain acylcarnitines in animals that were exposed to radiation across multiple tissue types underscoring the role of this class of metabolites as a generic indicator of radiation-induced normal tissue injury. These studies underscore the utility of a metabolomics approach for delineating anticipatory biomarkers of exposure to ionizing radiation.
Keywords: acute radiation syndrome; biomarker; gamma-radiation; lipidomes; metabolites; nonhuman primates; tissue acute radiation syndrome; biomarker; gamma-radiation; lipidomes; metabolites; nonhuman primates; tissue
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MDPI and ACS Style

Cheema, A.K.; Mehta, K.Y.; Rajagopal, M.U.; Wise, S.Y.; Fatanmi, O.O.; Singh, V.K. Metabolomic Studies of Tissue Injury in Nonhuman Primates Exposed to Gamma-Radiation. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 3360. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133360

AMA Style

Cheema AK, Mehta KY, Rajagopal MU, Wise SY, Fatanmi OO, Singh VK. Metabolomic Studies of Tissue Injury in Nonhuman Primates Exposed to Gamma-Radiation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(13):3360. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133360

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cheema, Amrita K., Khyati Y. Mehta, Meena U. Rajagopal, Stephen Y. Wise, Oluseyi O. Fatanmi, and Vijay K. Singh. 2019. "Metabolomic Studies of Tissue Injury in Nonhuman Primates Exposed to Gamma-Radiation" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 13: 3360. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133360

APA Style

Cheema, A. K., Mehta, K. Y., Rajagopal, M. U., Wise, S. Y., Fatanmi, O. O., & Singh, V. K. (2019). Metabolomic Studies of Tissue Injury in Nonhuman Primates Exposed to Gamma-Radiation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(13), 3360. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133360

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