Olive Oil, Palm Oil, and Hybrid Palm Oil Distinctly Modulate Liver Transcriptome and Induce NAFLD in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet
by
Rafael C. Sales 1,*,†
, Priscylla C. Medeiros 2,†, Flavia Spreafico 1,3, Patrícia C. De Velasco 1, Fernanda K. A. Gonçalves 1, Roberto Martín-Hernández 4, Diana C. Mantilla-Escalante 3, Judit Gil-Zamorano 3, Wilza A. F. Peres 1, Sergio A. L. De Souza 2, Alberto Dávalos 3 and Maria G. Tavares do Carmo 1,*
Rafael C. Sales 1,*,†, Priscylla C. Medeiros 2,†, Flavia Spreafico 1,3, Patrícia C. De Velasco 1, Fernanda K. A. Gonçalves 1, Roberto Martín-Hernández 4, Diana C. Mantilla-Escalante 3, Judit Gil-Zamorano 3, Wilza A. F. Peres 1, Sergio A. L. De Souza 2, Alberto Dávalos 3 and Maria G. Tavares do Carmo 1,*
1
Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
2
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21044-020, Brazil
3
Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
4
GENYAL Platform on Nutrition and Health, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20010008
Received: 2 December 2018 / Revised: 17 December 2018 / Accepted: 17 December 2018 / Published: 20 December 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition Genomics)
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is highly prevalent worldwide. The most severe form is nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Among risk factors for the development of NAFLD is excessive lipid intake. Since palm (P) oil is the most consumed oil in the world, we aimed to investigate the effects of high-fat diets made with P oil, hybrid palm (HP) oil, or olive (O) oil in liver. Twenty-four male mice (C57Bl/6J) were fed a high-fat diet (41% fat) containing P, HP, or O oils for 8 weeks and compared to a control (C) group fed a chow diet. Adiposity was measured with computed tomography. Body, adipose tissue, and liver weights, as well as liver fat (Bligh–Dyer), blood lipid profile, glucose, and liver enzymes were measured. Liver histology (hematoxylin–eosin) and transcriptome (microarray-based) were performed. ANOVA tests with Newman–Keuls were used. Body weight was increased in the P group (p < 0.001) and body fat in the O group (C vs. O p ≤ 0.01, P vs. O p ≤ 0.05, HP vs. O p ≤ 0.05). All high-fat diets disturbed the blood lipid profile and glucose, with marked effects of HP on very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL), triglycerides, and alkaline phosphatase (p ≤ 0.001). HP had the highest liver fat (42.76 ± 1.58), followed by P (33.94 ± 1.13). O had a fat amount comparable to C (16.46 ± 0.34, 14.71 ± 0.70, respectively). P and HP oils induced hepatocyte ballooning. Transcriptome alterations of the O group were related to amino acid metabolism and fatty acid (FA) metabolism, the P group to calcium ion homeostasis, and HP oil to protein localization. Both P and HP oils induced NASH in mice via disturbed hepatocyte transcription. This raises concerns about the content of these oils in several industrialized foods.
View Full-Text
Keywords:
NAFLD; NASH; olive oil; palm oil; hybrid palm oil; high-fat diet; transcriptomics
▼
Show Figures
Graphical abstract
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Sales, R.C.; Medeiros, P.C.; Spreafico, F.; De Velasco, P.C.; Gonçalves, F.K.A.; Martín-Hernández, R.; Mantilla-Escalante, D.C.; Gil-Zamorano, J.; Peres, W.A.F.; De Souza, S.A.L.; Dávalos, A.; Tavares do Carmo, M.G. Olive Oil, Palm Oil, and Hybrid Palm Oil Distinctly Modulate Liver Transcriptome and Induce NAFLD in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 8.
Show more citation formats
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.
