Cultivar and Metal-Specific Effects of Endophytic Bacteria in Helianthus tuberosus Exposed to Cd and Zn
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Plant Growth and Metal Uptake
2.2. Nutrient Status
2.3. Lipid Peroxidation
2.4. Colonization of Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP): Tetracycline® Pseudomonas sp. 262 in the Roots of H. tuberosus
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Plant Material
3.2. PGPB Strains
3.3. Inoculation of PGPB Strains in H. tuberosus
3.4. Plant Analysis
3.5. Evaluation of the Colonization Process: Localization of Inoculated EGFP Labeled Pseudomonas sp. 262
3.5.1. Bacterial Strains and Growth Conditions
3.5.2. Introduction of the EGFP: Tetracycline into Pseudomonas sp. 262
3.5.3. Inoculation of EGFP Pseudomonas sp. 262 on Roots of H. tuberosus
3.5.4. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy
3.6. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
PGPB | Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria |
TBA | Thiobarbituric Acid |
EGFP | Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein |
EDTA | Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid |
MDA | Malondialdehyde |
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Comp. 1 | Strain | Identification | Accesion | Zn | Cd | Fe 0 µM | Fe 0.25 µM | OA | ACC | IAA | Ace | Psol | N fix |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Soil | 222 | Arthrobacter sp. | KT461847 | +++ | +++ | − | − | ++ | +++ | − | − | − | + |
Root | 228 | Pseudomonas sp. | KT461831 | ++ | ++ | + | + | + | ++ | + | − | ++ | − |
Root | 246 | Serratia sp. | KT461863 | +++ | +++ | + | + | ++ | +++ | ++ | − | − | − |
Root | 256 | Pseudomonas sp. | KT461831 | +++ | + | + | + | - | + | ++ | + | +++ | ++ |
Root | 262 | Pseudomonas sp. | KT461831 | + | + | ++ | − | + | +++ | ++ | + | − | − |
Treatments | VR | D19 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zn | |||||
Aerial | Root | Aerial | Root | ||
Zn | Control | 58 ± 14a | 40 ± 10a | 75 ± 23a | 41 ± 5a |
Non-inoculated | 1533 ± 149b | 4533 ± 945c | 1097 ± 175b | 3862 ± 1063bc | |
Serratia sp. 246 | 1155 ± 23b | 4195 ± 355bc | 1283 ± 207b | 3455 ± 1767b | |
Pseudomonas sp. 256 | 1349 ± 183b | 4368 ± 442bc | 1554 ± 299b | 3484 ± 651b | |
Pseudomonas sp. 228 | 975 ± 154b | 2237 ± 368b | 1317 ± 177b | 3504 ± 1167b | |
Cd | |||||
Cd | Control | 0.43 ± 0.09a | 1.2 ± 0.2a | 0.6 ± 0.1a | 0.5 ± 0.2a |
Non-inoculated | 152 ± 10c | 1118 ± 177def | 106 ± 44bc | 889 ± 196cde | |
Arthrobacter sp. 222 | 83 ± 6bc | 492 ± 85bc | 58 ± 8b | 631 ± 140bc | |
Pseudomonas sp. 228 | 112 ± 23bc | 1250 ± 320ef | 106 ± 18bc | 1365 ± 145f | |
Serratia sp. 246 | 24 ± 4b | 908 ± 314cde | 129 ± 45c | 798 ± 65bcd | |
Pseudomonas sp. 262 | 145 ± 29c | 487 ± 57bc | 81 ± 5bc | 383 ± 107b |
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Montalbán, B.; Thijs, S.; Lobo, M.C.; Weyens, N.; Ameloot, M.; Vangronsveld, J.; Pérez-Sanz, A. Cultivar and Metal-Specific Effects of Endophytic Bacteria in Helianthus tuberosus Exposed to Cd and Zn. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18, 2026. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18102026
Montalbán B, Thijs S, Lobo MC, Weyens N, Ameloot M, Vangronsveld J, Pérez-Sanz A. Cultivar and Metal-Specific Effects of Endophytic Bacteria in Helianthus tuberosus Exposed to Cd and Zn. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2017; 18(10):2026. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18102026
Chicago/Turabian StyleMontalbán, Blanca, Sofie Thijs, Mª Carmen Lobo, Nele Weyens, Marcel Ameloot, Jaco Vangronsveld, and Araceli Pérez-Sanz. 2017. "Cultivar and Metal-Specific Effects of Endophytic Bacteria in Helianthus tuberosus Exposed to Cd and Zn" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18, no. 10: 2026. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18102026