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Volume 30
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10.3390/molecules30244822
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

The Iodine–Dextrin–Lithium Complex: Morphology, Antibacterial Activity, and Cytotoxicity

by
Daniil Shepilov
1,
Seitzhan Turganbay
1,
Ardak Jumagaziyeva
1,*,
Tamara Bukeyeva
1,
Dana Askarova
1,
Didar Bolatova
2,
Yerlan Doszhanov
3,
Arman Zhumazhanov
3,
Almagul Kerimkulova
4,5,
Karina Saurykova
5 and
Aitugan Sabitov
5,6,*
1
JSC Scientific Center for Anti-Infectious Drugs, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
2
Departement of Science, International IT University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
3
UNESCO Chair in Sustainable Development, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi ave., 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
4
Department of Material Sciences, Nanotechnology and Engineering Physics, Satbayev University, Satbayev Str. 22a, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
5
Combustion Problems Institute, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
6
Faculty of Natural Sciences, Kazakh National Women’s Teacher Training University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2025, 30(24), 4822; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30244822
Submission received: 18 November 2025 / Revised: 13 December 2025 / Accepted: 17 December 2025 / Published: 18 December 2025
(This article belongs to the Topic Metal Ions in Health and Diseases: Current Progress and Future Challenges)
Versions Notes

Abstract

A new iodine–dextrin–lithium complex (IDLC) was synthesized and structurally characterized as a hybrid supramolecular system combining antiseptic, stabilizing, and biocompatible components. The compound integrates iodine as the primary antimicrobial agent, lithium as a coordination and stabilization element, and dextrin as a biodegradable polysaccharide matrix enabling sustained release. Physicochemical analyses confirmed the formation of a uniform, thermally stable complex. Biological evaluation revealed strong bactericidal activity, with minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) ranging from 1.95 to 15.63 µg mL−1 against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, including multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii. Cytotoxicity studies revealed moderate, concentration-dependent effects on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (CC50 = 0.23–0.48 mg/mL; 11.7–24.4 μg I/mL) and low toxicity toward MDCK cells (CC50 = 10–20 mg/mL; 507–1014 μg I/mL), confirming a favorable safety profile. IDLC exhibited cytotoxic effects on tumor cell lines (HepG2, HeLa, AGS, K562, and H9) as well as on the normal MeT-5A cell line; however, the CC50 values are similar, and selectivity indices are close to 1, indicating no selective cytotoxicity toward tumor cells. Thus, IDLC demonstrates non-specific cytotoxicity at high concentrations, consistent with its iodine content. The research confirms that iodine can be effectively stabilized within a dextrin-lithium framework to yield a biologically active, thermally resistant complex, suitable for pharmaceutical use.
Keywords: dextrin; iodine; polymer–iodine complex; antimicrobial activity; cytotoxicity dextrin; iodine; polymer–iodine complex; antimicrobial activity; cytotoxicity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Shepilov, D.; Turganbay, S.; Jumagaziyeva, A.; Bukeyeva, T.; Askarova, D.; Bolatova, D.; Doszhanov, Y.; Zhumazhanov, A.; Kerimkulova, A.; Saurykova, K.; et al. The Iodine–Dextrin–Lithium Complex: Morphology, Antibacterial Activity, and Cytotoxicity. Molecules 2025, 30, 4822. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30244822

AMA Style

Shepilov D, Turganbay S, Jumagaziyeva A, Bukeyeva T, Askarova D, Bolatova D, Doszhanov Y, Zhumazhanov A, Kerimkulova A, Saurykova K, et al. The Iodine–Dextrin–Lithium Complex: Morphology, Antibacterial Activity, and Cytotoxicity. Molecules. 2025; 30(24):4822. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30244822

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shepilov, Daniil, Seitzhan Turganbay, Ardak Jumagaziyeva, Tamara Bukeyeva, Dana Askarova, Didar Bolatova, Yerlan Doszhanov, Arman Zhumazhanov, Almagul Kerimkulova, Karina Saurykova, and et al. 2025. "The Iodine–Dextrin–Lithium Complex: Morphology, Antibacterial Activity, and Cytotoxicity" Molecules 30, no. 24: 4822. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30244822

APA Style

Shepilov, D., Turganbay, S., Jumagaziyeva, A., Bukeyeva, T., Askarova, D., Bolatova, D., Doszhanov, Y., Zhumazhanov, A., Kerimkulova, A., Saurykova, K., & Sabitov, A. (2025). The Iodine–Dextrin–Lithium Complex: Morphology, Antibacterial Activity, and Cytotoxicity. Molecules, 30(24), 4822. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30244822

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