Green Synthesis, Characterization, Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Enzyme Inhibition Effects of Chestnut (Castanea sativa) Honey-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Green Synthesis of Chestnut (Castanea Sativa) Honey-Based Silver Nanoparticles (CH-AgNPs)
4.2. Characterization of CH-AgNPs
4.3. The Total Phenolic Content of Chestnut (Castanea Sativa) Honey Extract and CH-AgNPs
4.4. DPPH·Free Radical Scavenging Activity
4.5. Collagenase Inhibition
4.6. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) Inhibition
4.7. Antibacterial Activity
4.7.1. Microorganisms and Growth Conditions
4.7.2. The Disk Diffusion Method (DDM)
4.7.3. The Agar Well Diffusion Method (AWD)
4.7.4. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
4.7.5. The Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC)
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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El | AN | Series | unn. | C Norm. | C Atom. | C Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[wt.-%] | [wt.-%] | [at.-%] | [%] | |||
Ag | 47 | L-series | 81.90 | 93.46 | 62.67 | 2.6 |
C | 6 | K-series | 4.54 | 5.18 | 31.21 | 1.2 |
O | 8 | K-series | 1.19 | 1.35 | 6.12 | 1.0 |
Total: | 87.62 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
Peak Number | C. Honey Extract (cm−1) | 30 °C (cm−1) | 60 °C (cm−1) | 90 °C (cm−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 3275.35 | 3311.38 | 3324.14 | 3324.24 |
2 | 2935.82 | 2123.57 | 2117.04 | 2115.78 |
3 | 1644.03 | 1635.25 | 1635.17 | 1635.46 |
4 | 1416.61 | - | - | - |
5 | 1345.16 | - | - | - |
6 | 1258.26 | - | - | - |
7 | 1026.85 | - | - | - |
8 | 919.27 | - | - | - |
9 | 866.04 | - | - | - |
10 | 818.12 | - | - | - |
11 | 777.56 | - | - | - |
12 | 701.08 | - | - | - |
Total Phenolic Content (mg GAE/g) | DPPH·IC50 Value (mg/mL) | Collagenase Inhibition (%) | Myloperoxidase Inhibition (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Honey extract | 1.21 ± 0.02 a | 21.37 ± 0.01 a | 60.0 ± 1.4 a | 30.0 ± 1.0 a |
CH-AgNPs (30 °C) | 0.92 ± 0.01 b | 15.08 ± 0.02 b | 68.7 ± 1.1 b | 34.0 ± 1.1 b |
CH-AgNPs (60 °C) | 0.87 ± 0.01 c | 14.67 ± 0.01 c | 71.4 ± 1.3 c | 35.2 ± 1.0 c |
CH-AgNPs (90 °C) | 0.84 ± 0.01 d | 13.71 ± 0.02 d | 74.2 ± 1.1 d | 36.4 ± 1.2 d |
Trolox | - | 0.009 ± 0.001 | - | - |
Oleanolic acid | - | - | 28.4 ± 1.98 | - |
Quercetin | - | - | - | 48.6 ± 1.1 |
Plant or Biological Source | Reaction Conditions | Average Size (nm) | Shape | Biomedical Application | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nigella sativa (black cumin, seeds) | 75 °C; 2 days | 3.47 | Spherical | Anticancer activity against human breast (MDA-MB-231) and cervical (HeLa) cancer cells Bactericidal against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria | [35] |
Green tea (powder extract) | 50 °C; 4 h | 2 | Spherical | Anticancer activity against two human colon cancer cell lines (SW480 and SW620) | [36] |
Punica granatum (pomegranate, crusts) | Room temperature Ultrasonication 24 h | 20.12 | Spherical and cubes | Antiproliferation effect and enhanced apoptosis against human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) | [37] |
Honey | 100 °C for 2 and 4 h | 2.2 | Nanowires | --- | [38] |
Streptomyces species (Gram-positive bacteria) | 50 °C; 24 h | 20–50 | Spherical | Anticancer activity against human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7) | [39] |
Padina gymnospora (brown algae) | room temperature for 10 min | 5–50 | Truncated octahedral | Bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli, Lactococcus lactis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae | [40] |
Sheep milk | room temperature for 3 h. | 9 | Spherical | --- | [41] |
Prunus x yedoensis (gum extract) | pH 8; gum extract concentrations of 7% and 8% 30 min | 10–50 | Spherical | Antifungal against Colletotrichum acutatum and Cladosporium fulvum | [42] |
MICROORGANISMS | Honey Extract (100 mg/mL) | CH-AgNPs (30 °C) | CH-AgNPs (60 °C) | CH-AgNPs (90 °C) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DDM | AWD | MIC | MBC | DDM | AWD | MIC | MBC | DDM | AWD | MIC | MBC | DDM | AWD | MIC | MBC | ||
Gram positive | B. cereus ATCC 14579 | - | - | - | - | 15 | 11 | 150 | 150 | 15 | 11 | 150 | 150 | 17 | 13 | 150 | 150 |
E. faecalis ATCC 49452 | - | - | - | - | 14 | 11 | 150 | 150 | 16 | 12 | 150 | 150 | 16 | 12 | 150 | 150 | |
S. aureus ATCC 25923 | - | - | - | - | 16 | 13 | 150 | 150 | 16 | 13 | 75 | 150 | 18 | 14 | 75 | 150 | |
S. mutans ATCC 35668 | - | - | - | - | 18 | 14 | 75 | 75 | 19 | 15 | 75 | 75 | 20 | 16 | 75 | 75 | |
S. salivarus ATCC 13419 | - | - | - | - | 18 | 14 | 75 | 150 | 18 | 14 | 150 | 150 | 20 | 16 | 75 | 75 | |
Gram negative | A. baumannii ATCC BA1609 | - | - | - | - | 14 | 11 | 150 | 150 | 15 | 12 | 150 | 150 | 17 | 13 | 150 | 150 |
E. coli ATCC BAA 25–23 | - | - | - | - | 15 | 12 | 150 | 150 | 16 | 12 | 150 | 150 | 18 | 14 | 75 | 150 | |
P. aeruginosa ATCC 9070 | - | - | - | - | 14 | 11 | 150 | 150 | 15 | 11 | 150 | 150 | 15 | 12 | 150 | 150 | |
S. Typhimurium RSSK 95091 | - | - | - | - | 17 | 14 | 75 | 75 | 18 | 14 | 75 | 75 | 19 | 16 | 75 | 75 | |
Y. enterocolitica ATCC 27729 | - | - | - | - | 16 | 13 | 150 | 150 | 16 | 13 | 150 | 150 | 18 | 15 | 75 | 75 |
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Keskin, M.; Kaya, G.; Bayram, S.; Kurek-Górecka, A.; Olczyk, P. Green Synthesis, Characterization, Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Enzyme Inhibition Effects of Chestnut (Castanea sativa) Honey-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles. Molecules 2023, 28, 2762. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28062762
Keskin M, Kaya G, Bayram S, Kurek-Górecka A, Olczyk P. Green Synthesis, Characterization, Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Enzyme Inhibition Effects of Chestnut (Castanea sativa) Honey-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles. Molecules. 2023; 28(6):2762. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28062762
Chicago/Turabian StyleKeskin, Merve, Gülşen Kaya, Sinan Bayram, Anna Kurek-Górecka, and Paweł Olczyk. 2023. "Green Synthesis, Characterization, Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Enzyme Inhibition Effects of Chestnut (Castanea sativa) Honey-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles" Molecules 28, no. 6: 2762. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28062762