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Article

Development of a Hybrid Bioinorganic Nanobiocatalyst: Remarkable Impact of the Immobilization Conditions on Activity and Stability of β-Galactosidase

by
Luigi Tavernini
1,
Oscar Romero
1,2,*,
Carla Aburto
1,
Fernando López-Gallego
3,4,
Andrés Illanes
1 and
Lorena Wilson
1,*
1
Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2085, Valparaíso 2362803, Chile
2
Bioprocess Engineering and Applied Biocatalysis Group, Department of Chemical Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
3
CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
4
Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2021, 26(14), 4152; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144152
Submission received: 7 June 2021 / Revised: 1 July 2021 / Accepted: 5 July 2021 / Published: 8 July 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Enzyme Immobilization Ⅳ)
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Abstract

Hybrid bioinorganic biocatalysts have received much attention due to their simple synthesis, high efficiency, and structural features that favor enzyme activity and stability. The present work introduces a biomineralization strategy for the formation of hybrid nanocrystals from β-galactosidase. The effects of the immobilization conditions were studied, identifying the important effect of metal ions and pH on the immobilization yield and the recovered activity. For a deeper understanding of the biomineralization process, an in silico study was carried out to identify the ion binding sites at the different conditions. The selected β-galactosidase nanocrystals showed high specific activity (35,000 IU/g biocatalyst) and remarkable thermal stability with a half-life 11 times higher than the soluble enzyme. The nanobiocatalyst was successfully tested for the synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides, achieving an outstanding performance, showing no signs of diffusional limitations. Thus, a new, simple, biocompatible and inexpensive nanobiocatalyst was produced with high enzyme recovery (82%), exhibiting high specific activity and high stability, with promising industrial applications.
Keywords: β-galactosidase; nanoimmobilization; biomineralization β-galactosidase; nanoimmobilization; biomineralization
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MDPI and ACS Style

Tavernini, L.; Romero, O.; Aburto, C.; López-Gallego, F.; Illanes, A.; Wilson, L. Development of a Hybrid Bioinorganic Nanobiocatalyst: Remarkable Impact of the Immobilization Conditions on Activity and Stability of β-Galactosidase. Molecules 2021, 26, 4152. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144152

AMA Style

Tavernini L, Romero O, Aburto C, López-Gallego F, Illanes A, Wilson L. Development of a Hybrid Bioinorganic Nanobiocatalyst: Remarkable Impact of the Immobilization Conditions on Activity and Stability of β-Galactosidase. Molecules. 2021; 26(14):4152. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144152

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tavernini, Luigi, Oscar Romero, Carla Aburto, Fernando López-Gallego, Andrés Illanes, and Lorena Wilson. 2021. "Development of a Hybrid Bioinorganic Nanobiocatalyst: Remarkable Impact of the Immobilization Conditions on Activity and Stability of β-Galactosidase" Molecules 26, no. 14: 4152. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144152

APA Style

Tavernini, L., Romero, O., Aburto, C., López-Gallego, F., Illanes, A., & Wilson, L. (2021). Development of a Hybrid Bioinorganic Nanobiocatalyst: Remarkable Impact of the Immobilization Conditions on Activity and Stability of β-Galactosidase. Molecules, 26(14), 4152. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144152

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