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Article

Determination of Various Drying Methods’ Impact on Odour Quality of True Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) Flowers

by
Jacek Łyczko
1,*,
Klaudiusz Jałoszyński
2,
Mariusz Surma
2,
José Miguel García-Garví
3,
Ángel A. Carbonell-Barrachina
3 and
Antoni Szumny
1
1
Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
2
Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
3
Department Agro-food Technology, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Elche, 03312 Alicante, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2019, 24(16), 2900; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24162900
Submission received: 9 July 2019 / Revised: 4 August 2019 / Accepted: 6 August 2019 / Published: 9 August 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Solid-Phase Microextraction II)
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Abstract

True lavender flowers (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) is a critical source of essential oils and a flavouring agent used in numerous industries like foods, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Its main volatile constituents are linalool and linalyl acetate, which are commonly considered as main odour-active constituents (OACs). Nevertheless, the quality of true lavender flowers is highly dependent on its post-harvest treatment, mainly the preservation method. Recognising that drying is the most frequently used preservation method, the influence of various drying methods, including convective drying (CD) at 50, 60 and 70 °C, vacuum-microwave drying (VMD) with powers 240, 360 and 480 W and combined convective pre-drying at 60 °C followed by vacuum-microwave finish-drying with power 480 W (CPD-VMFD), on the quality of true lavender flowers was verified. The evaluation of influence was carried out by HS-SPME(HS, solid-phase microextraction), GC-MS, GC-MS-O (gas chromatography–mass spectrometry–olfactometry) techniques. Moreover, the sensory panel has assessed the sample odour quality. As a result, the optimal drying methods regarding the requirements for products were established. Overall, for total essential oil recovery, CD at 50 °C is the optimal drying method, while for odour quality concerning the sensory panel evaluation, VMD with power 360 W combined CPD-VMFD and CD at 50 °C is the optimal drying method.
Keywords: essential oils; drying methods; olfactometry; terpenoids; true lavender flowers; quality; volatile profile; SPME essential oils; drying methods; olfactometry; terpenoids; true lavender flowers; quality; volatile profile; SPME

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MDPI and ACS Style

Łyczko, J.; Jałoszyński, K.; Surma, M.; García-Garví, J.M.; Carbonell-Barrachina, Á.A.; Szumny, A. Determination of Various Drying Methods’ Impact on Odour Quality of True Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) Flowers. Molecules 2019, 24, 2900. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24162900

AMA Style

Łyczko J, Jałoszyński K, Surma M, García-Garví JM, Carbonell-Barrachina ÁA, Szumny A. Determination of Various Drying Methods’ Impact on Odour Quality of True Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) Flowers. Molecules. 2019; 24(16):2900. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24162900

Chicago/Turabian Style

Łyczko, Jacek, Klaudiusz Jałoszyński, Mariusz Surma, José Miguel García-Garví, Ángel A. Carbonell-Barrachina, and Antoni Szumny. 2019. "Determination of Various Drying Methods’ Impact on Odour Quality of True Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) Flowers" Molecules 24, no. 16: 2900. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24162900

APA Style

Łyczko, J., Jałoszyński, K., Surma, M., García-Garví, J. M., Carbonell-Barrachina, Á. A., & Szumny, A. (2019). Determination of Various Drying Methods’ Impact on Odour Quality of True Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) Flowers. Molecules, 24(16), 2900. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24162900

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