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Host, Bacteria and Viruses: A Network of Intestinal Relationships
Topic Information
Dear Colleagues,
Enteric viruses, especially rotavirus and norovirus, are the leading causes of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide. Several studies have demonstrated that host genetic factors that determine the histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) have a role in viral infections since the presence of HBGAs on the gut epithelial surfaces is essential for the susceptibility to many norovirus and rotavirus genotypes. Polymorphisms in genes that code for enzymes required for HBGA synthesis have led to secretor or non-secretor and Lewis positive or Lewis negative individuals. Secretor positive and Lewis positive individuals appear to be more susceptible to rotavirus and norovirus infections.
A second factor that influences enteric viral infections is the gut microbiota of the host. In vitro and animal studies have determined that the gut microbiota influences enteric viral infection. The gut microbiota might enhance viral infection through virion stabilization and promotion of virus attachment to host cells, whereas experiments with microbiota-depleted and germ-free animals point to immunoregulation as the mechanism by which the microbiota might restrict infection.
The present Topic is focused on publishing original and review articles that address these complex interactions between AGE-producing viruses, the host, and the gut microbiota. Papers should address one or several of the following aspects:
- The role of gut microbiota in viral infectivity using cell cultures, organoids, and animal models and in humans;
- Study of the mechanisms by which gut microbiota influence viral infectivity (e.g., bacterial–virus adhesion mechanisms, viral disruption/stabilization by bacterial metabolites, facilitation/impairment of viral interaction to host cells);
- The role of host glycosylation in enteric viral infectivity in cell culture, organoids, animal models, or humans;
- The role of the innate immune response in intestinal viral infectivity;
- The modulation of the innate immune response by gut microbiota in intestinal viral infectivity;
- The role of the adaptative immune response, cellular or humoral, in intestinal viral infectivity;
- The modulation of adaptative immune response by gut microbiota and its effect in intestinal viral infectivity.
Dr. Jesús Rodríguez-Díaz
Dr. Vicente Monedero
Topic Editors
Keywords
- gut microbiota
- host genetics
- acute gastroenteritis
- rotavirus
- norovirus
- innate immune response
- adaptative immune response
- organoids
- histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs)
Participating Journals
Journal Name | Impact Factor | CiteScore | Launched Year | First Decision (median) | APC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Biomedicines
|
3.9 | 5.2 | 2013 | 14.6 Days | CHF 2600 |
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Pathogens
|
3.3 | 6.4 | 2012 | 15.3 Days | CHF 2200 |
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Viruses
|
3.8 | 7.3 | 2009 | 17.1 Days | CHF 2600 |
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Microorganisms
|
4.1 | 7.4 | 2013 | 11.7 Days | CHF 2700 |
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Microbiology Research
|
2.1 | 1.9 | 2010 | 15.4 Days | CHF 1600 |
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