The Entry and Fusion of Enveloped Virus

A special issue of Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915). This special issue belongs to the section "General Virology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2026 | Viewed by 884

Special Issue Editor


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
AIDS Research Center, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo, Japan
Interests: retroviruses; HIV-1; entry; assembly; GAG; capsid; anti-HIV-1 compounds; mechanism of action
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Many important human pathogens are enveloped viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), influenza virus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses (SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2). Enveloped viruses acquire their membrane from virus-infected cells during the budding and release process. All enveloped viruses exploit similar strategies in order to enter their genomes into the target cells and produce their progenies. Those strategies generally consist of virus binding/attachment to target cell via specific cellular receptors, membrane fusion, internalization/endocytosis, uncoating, intracellular trafficking/nuclear import. Although much knowledge on those processes in virus replication cycle have been accumulated and utilized for development of antivirals and preventive vaccines, there are still many unsolved issues to be addressed.

In this Special Issue, we will welcome a broad range of articles, including original research, short communications, and reviews that focus on the entry and/or membrane fusion of enveloped viruses. Topics of interest include the mechanisms of virus binding/attachment, membrane fusion, internalization/endocytosis, uncoating, intracellular trafficking/nuclear import, as well as virus receptors and roles of carbohydrates in virus entry. Host factors involved in virus entry/fusion, and antiviral compounds/neutralizing antibodies that target the entry process, and vaccine development are also welcome.

We look forward to receiving your submissions for this Special Issue.

Dr. Tsutomu Murakami
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Viruses is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • enveloped virus
  • entry
  • attachment
  • virus binding
  • membrane fusion
  • internalization
  • endocytosis
  • uncoating
  • intracellular trafficking
  • nuclear import
  • receptor
  • carbohydrates
  • antiviral
  • neutralizing antibody
  • vaccine

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • Reprint: MDPI Books provides the opportunity to republish successful Special Issues in book format, both online and in print.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (1 paper)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

21 pages, 11122 KB  
Article
Cell Surface Vimentin Is an Attachment Factor That Facilitates Equine Arteritis Virus Infection In Vitro
by Côme J. Thieulent, Sanjay Sarkar, Mariano Carossino, Mouli Bhowmik, Haining Zhu and Udeni B. R. Balasuriya
Viruses 2026, 18(1), 113; https://doi.org/10.3390/v18010113 - 15 Jan 2026
Viewed by 635
Abstract
Our laboratory identified the susceptible allelic variant of equine CXCL16 protein (EqCXCL16S) as an entry receptor for equine arteritis virus (EAV). However, EAV has a broad host cell tropism and infects cells that lack EqCXCL16S. Thus, we hypothesized that EAV interacts with other [...] Read more.
Our laboratory identified the susceptible allelic variant of equine CXCL16 protein (EqCXCL16S) as an entry receptor for equine arteritis virus (EAV). However, EAV has a broad host cell tropism and infects cells that lack EqCXCL16S. Thus, we hypothesized that EAV interacts with other host cell protein(s) that facilitate EAV infection. A virus overlay protein-binding assay in combination with a Far-Western blot from EAV-susceptible equine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (EECs) and equine dermal fibroblasts (E. Derm) identified a 57 kDa protein, present in the membrane fraction of the protein lysate, as a possible EAV-binding protein. Subsequent LC-MS/MS analysis identified this 57 kDa protein as vimentin. Screening of different mammalian cell lines has shown that only cells expressing vimentin are susceptible to EAV infection. Pre-treatment of EECs with an anti-vimentin polyclonal antibody and Withaferin A partially inhibit EAV infection. Finally, the overexpression of equine vimentin (EqVim) in HEK-293 cells increases their susceptibility to EAV infection. Overall, our data strongly indicate that EAV binds to the host cell protein equine vimentin, which actively participates in EAV infection, potentially serving as an attachment factor. The data suggest that EAV interacts with various host cell proteins to achieve its diverse cell tropism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Entry and Fusion of Enveloped Virus)
Show Figures

Figure 1

Back to TopTop