In voice research, analytically-based models are efficient tools to investigate the basic physical mechanisms of phonation. Calculations based on lumped element models describe the effects of the air in the vocal tract upon threshold pressure (Pth) b...
Broadband excitation introduced at the speaker’s lips and the evaluation of its corresponding relative acoustic impedance spectrum allow for fast, accurate and non-invasive estimations of vocal tract resonances during speech and singing. Howeve...
MRI is the gold standard modality for speech imaging. However, it remains relatively slow, which complicates imaging of fast movements. Thus, an MRI of the vocal tract is often performed in 2D. While 3D MRI provides more information, the quality of s...
Voiced speech is the result of a fluid-structure-acoustic interaction in larynx and vocal tract (VT). Previous studies show a strong influence of the VT on this interaction process, but are limited to individually obtained VT geometries. In order to...
Background: Voice disorders significantly impact individuals’ physical, functional, and emotional well-being, necessitating comprehensive assessment tools. The Vocal Tract Discomfort Scale (VTDS) assesses the frequency and severity of vocal dis...
The source-filter model is one of the main techniques applied to speech analysis and synthesis. Recent advances in voice production by means of three-dimensional (3D) source-filter models have overcome several limitations of classic one-dimensional t...
Dynamic and real-time MRI (rtMRI) of human speech is an active field of research, with interest from both the linguistics and clinical communities. At present, different research groups are investigating a range of rtMRI acquisition and reconstructio...
Sound production mechanisms set the parameter space available for transmitting biologically relevant information in vocal signals. Low–frequency rumbles play a crucial role in coordinating social interactions in elephants’ complex fission...
This study aimed to establish and verify the validity of an acoustic simulation method during sustained phonation of the Japanese vowels /i/ and /u/. The study participants were six healthy adults. First, vocal tract models were constructed based on...
A model of the vocal tract that mimicked velopharyngeal insufficiency was created, and acoustic analysis was performed using the boundary element method to clarify the acoustic characteristics of velopharyngeal insufficiency. The participants were si...
This article compares open-air and whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) equipment working with a weak magnetic field as regards the methods of its generation, spectral properties of mechanical vibration and acoustic noise produced by gradient...
In this work, we address the problem of creating a 3D dynamic atlas of the vocal tract that captures the dynamics of the articulators in all three dimensions in order to create a global speaker model independent of speaker-specific characteristics. T...
Children’s Speech Recognition (CSR) is a challenging task due to the high variability in children’s speech patterns and limited amount of available annotated children’s speech data. We aim to improve CSR in the often-occurring scena...
Language resources are the main factor in speech-emotion-recognition (SER)-based deep learning models. Thai is a low-resource language that has a smaller data size than high-resource languages such as German. This paper describes the framework of usi...
In the human phonation process, acoustic standing waves in the vocal tract can influence the fluid flow through the glottis as well as vocal fold oscillation. To investigate the amount of acoustic back-coupling, the supraglottal flow field has been r...
Sound generation in human phonation and the underlying fluid–structure–acoustic interaction that describes the sound production mechanism are not fully understood. A previous experimental study, with a silicone made vocal fold model conne...
Articulatory speech synthesis has long been based on one-dimensional (1D) approaches. They assume plane wave propagation within the vocal tract and disregard higher order modes that typically appear above 5 kHz. However, such modes may be relevant in...
Technologies, such as real-time magnetic resonance (RT-MRI), can provide valuable information to evolve our understanding of the static and dynamic aspects of speech by contributing to the determination of which articulators are essential (critical)...
Many speech emotion recognition systems have been designed using different features and classification methods. Still, there is a lack of knowledge and reasoning regarding the underlying speech characteristics and processing, i.e., how basic characte...
Background: Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises (SOVTE) improve vocal quality and capacity. Water resistance therapy (WRT), a specific form of SOVTE with a tube submerged under water, generates increased and oscillating oral pressure through bubble f...
The quasi-steady flow assumption (QSFA) is commonly used in the field of biomechanics of phonation. It approximates time-varying glottal flow with steady flow solutions based on frozen glottal shapes, ignoring unsteady flow behaviors and vocal fold m...
A computational neuromuscular control system that generates lung pressure and three intrinsic laryngeal muscle activations (cricothyroid, thyroarytenoid, and lateral cricoarytenoid) to control the vocal source was developed. In the current study, LeT...
Background/Objective: Puberphonia is a voice disorder characterized by the persistence of a high-pitched voice in sexually mature males. In phoniatrics and speech-language pathology, it is also known as post-mutational voice instability, mutational f...
Language has been one of the most effective ways of human communication and information exchange. To solve the problem of non-contact robust speech recognition, recovery, and surveillance, this paper presents a speech recovery technology based on a 2...
Aim: The aim of this study was to develop and test a surface electromyography (sEMG) assessment protocol to characterise the activity of the extrinsic laryngeal muscles (suprahyoid and infrahyoid) during phonatory tasks and vocal techniques. Methodol...
Straw phonation has a long history of being a successful vocal therapy technique. However, not much is known about the mechanics of phonation with a straw, nor the best combination of phoneme and straw dimensions to be used. A significant limitation...
Articulatory synthesis is one of the approaches used for modeling human speech production. In this study, we propose a model-based algorithm for learning the policy to control the vocal tract of the articulatory synthesizer in a vowel-to-vowel imitat...
This study deals with the development of an accurate, efficient and robust method for the numerical solution of the interaction of compressible flow and nonlinear dynamic elasticity. This problem requires the reliable solution of flow in time-depende...
Speech is a communication method found only in humans that relies on precisely articulated sounds to encode and express thoughts. Anatomical differences in the maxilla, mandible, tooth position, and vocal tract affect tongue placement and broadly inf...
African savanna elephants live in dynamic fission–fusion societies and exhibit a sophisticated vocal communication system. Their most frequent call-type is the ‘rumble’, with a fundamental frequency (which refers to the lowest vocal fold vibration ra...
During phonation, the vocal folds exhibit a self-sustained oscillatory motion, which is influenced by the physical properties of the speaker’s vocal folds and driven by the balance of bio-mechanical and aerodynamic forces across the glottis. Su...
Background: Occupations that require heavy vocal use can place the person at risk of voice disorders (VDs). Heavy demands on the voice, especially for a long time or with loud back-ground noise, can lead to vocal abuse or misuse. The study aimed to m...
Introduction: Correct breathing is a fundamental condition for adequate vocal production. Respiratory dynamics are able to modify the growth of facial mass and lingual posture, i.e., of the skull, the mandibular one. For this reason, infant mouth bre...
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a range of motor and non-motor symptoms. One of the notable non-motor symptoms of PD is the presence of vocal disorders, attributed to the underlying pathophysiological c...
In an aeroacoustic simulation of human voice production, the effect of the sub-grid scale (SGS) model on the acoustic spectrum was investigated. In the first step, incompressible airflow in a 3D model of larynx with vocal folds undergoing prescribed...
Steady-state vowels are vowels that are uttered with a momentarily fixed vocal tract configuration and with steady vibration of the vocal folds. In this steady-state, the vowel waveform appears as a quasi-periodic string of elementary units called pi...
This paper discusses an approach for assessing the quality of speech while undergoing speech rehabilitation. One of the main reasons for speech quality decrease during the surgical treatment of vocal tract diseases is the loss of the vocal tractˈs pa...
European Portuguese (EP) is characterized by a large number of nasals encompassing five phonemic nasal vowels. One notable characteristic of these sounds is their dynamic nature, involving both oral and nasal gestures, which makes their study and cha...
Two remote sensing image encryption algorithms based on the randomness of audio channel sequences are proposed and their robustness is verified by many attack experiments. The first encryption algorithm uses the randomness of audio to encrypt image p...
Subglottic stenosis (SGS) is a rare yet potentially life-threatening condition that requires prompt identification and treatment. One of the primary symptoms of SGS is a respiratory sound that is tonal. To better understand the effect of SGS on expir...
Voice onset is the sequence of events between the first detectable movement of the vocal folds (VFs) and the stable vibration of the vocal folds. It is considered a critical phase of phonation, and the different modalities of voice onset and their di...
In the field of voice cryptography, detecting forged speech is crucial for secure communication and identity authentication. While most existing spoof detection methods rely on monaural audio, the characteristics of dual-channel signals remain undere...
Formants are characteristic frequency components in human speech that are caused by resonances in the vocal tract during speech production. They are of primary concern in acoustic phonetics and speech recognition. Despite this, making accurate measur...
Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging has emerged as a powerful modality for investigating upper-airway function during speech production. Analyzing the changes in the vocal tract airspace, including the position of soft-tissue articulators (e.g., the t...
This work presents a new approach to speech recognition, based on the specific coding of time and frequency characteristics of speech. The research proposed the use of convolutional neural networks because, as we know, they show high resistance to cr...
The paper describes first-step experiments with parallel measurement of cardiovascular parameters using a photoplethysmographic optical sensor and standard portable blood pressure monitors in different situations of body relaxation and stimulation. C...
Although voice authentication is generally secure, voiceprint-based authentication methods have the drawback of being affected by environmental noise, long passphrases, and large registered samples. Therefore, we present a breakthrough idea for smart...
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is correlated with diseases including allergic laryngitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The unified airway model suggests that inflammation can spread in both lower and...
Voicing: requires frequent starts and stops at various sound pressure levels (SPL) and frequencies. Prior investigations using rigid laryngoscopy with oral endoscopy have shown variations in the duration of the vibration delay between normal and abno...
The coronavirus pandemic raging worldwide since December 2019 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which invades human cells via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Although it has already be...
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