Search Results (5)

Translating diverse stakeholders’ needs for tourism into precise technical requirements for mobile resilience applications is a significant challenge, especially for at-risk coastal communities. Therefore, we developed a structured decision-support framework that uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) combined with Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) to systematically identify and prioritize functional features for a disaster-resilient tourism application called AuTour. The framework was validated through a case study in Aurora Province, Philippines, involving 152 diverse stakeholders, including government officials, tourism operators, and technology students. The AHP analysis results revealed that safety infrastructure (a mean weight of 0.5256) was the dominant design criterion, far outweighing environmental sustainability (0.2480) and community preparedness (0.1241). The MCDA ranked key functional modules using these criteria to determine an optimal system architecture. The highest-priority features identified were a real-time Disaster Preparedness Alert module, a geospatial Smart Tourism Guide, and a participatory Health Surveillance module. The analysis results confirmed high utility for features incorporating AI-powered chatbots (a mean score of 4.1921) and multi-dialect communication capabilities (4.1513). The developed scalable, data-driven framework can be used for user-centered design in the critical domain of disaster-resilient technology. By translating stakeholder priorities into a ranked set of technical specifications, the framework contributes to the development of resilient mobile systems, supporting the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals for innovation (SDG 9) and resilient infrastructure (SDG 11). Full article

Zoos and aquariums are important learning environments for formal, non-formal and informal learning. A systematic theoretical basis for adult visitors’ learning at zoos and aquariums already exists. In total, there have been six literature reviews of this topic. However, to date, no literature review has been published concerning children’s and adolescents’ learning in zoos and aquariums. The systematic literature review presented in this article fills this gap and summarises the published results on formal and non-formal learning by children and adolescents in zoos and aquariums. A literature search in the Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) and Web of Science databases yielded 858 peer-reviewed articles. Fifty-one of these met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were analysed more deeply. Each step of the literature search was verified by a human interrater. The analysis of the studies included in the review followed the steps of qualitative content analysis. The coding of the studies was done by two raters to ensure objectivity and reliability. For these, a human rater and an artificial intelligence system analysed the studies. The results indicate differences in research focus in different countries and that zoos and aquariums are productive learning environments for various types of visiting (e.g., learning trips, family outings) with a variety of identified learning methods and elements (e.g., touch tanks, keeper talks, guided tours, camps) that have different positive effects on knowledge, attitudes, behaviour and other variables. However, the results also identify starting points for new research and research gaps in this area. Full article

Aquaculture lagoons must reconcile visitor access with biodiversity protection. This study integrates results of a large survey of the attitudes of tour operators with field observations of fish populations to test whether operator choices can align tourism and conservation. Using data from 801 guided-tour participants in Taiwan’s Cigu Lagoon, a sequential experience hierarchy was validated whereby environmental knowledge enhanced attitudes, strengthened perceived guide professionalism, induced flow, and ultimately increased conservation intention (R² = 0.523). Experiential service quality exerted stronger effects than functional quality (β = 0.287 vs. 0.156; both p < 0.001). Parallel underwater monitoring indicated that electric, low-vibration motors were associated with richer fish assemblages and larger fish body sizes; fish abundance is 61% higher and mean body length 38% greater, with community composition differing significantly by motor type (PERMANOVA, p < 0.001). Together, these results link training and technology adoption to measurable ecological gains and pro-conservation motivation, indicating that electrified propulsion and interpretive practice are mutually reinforcing levers for biodiversity-positive tourism. The framework offers directly actionable criteria—motor choice, guide development, and safety/facility context—for transitioning small-scale fisheries and recreation toward low-impact marine experiences. Full article

This study addresses the critical need for an evaluation framework for tour guides within the rapidly expanding tourism sector of Saudi Arabia. Employing the best–worst method, a robust multi-criteria decision-making technique, this study identifies and prioritizes key criteria for tour guide performance. Experts ranked local cultural and historical background as the most significant attribute, demonstrating its importance in delivering authentic and enriching visitor experiences. Results revealed the relative weights of other criteria, highlighting the significance of several factors such as language proficiency, time management, and environmental and ethical awareness. Notably, technology adaption criterion received the lowest weighting, indicating a potential area for future focus within the Saudi tourism sector. The study’s findings provide a foundational framework for developing a comprehensive tour guide evaluation system. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on tour guide evaluation and offers practical implications for training and development initiatives within the Saudi Arabian tourism industry. Full article

The transition towards nature-based cities has increasingly become a central focus in political–environmental agendas and urban design practices, aiming to enhance climate adaptation, urban biodiversity, spatial equilibrium, and social well-being as part of the ongoing socio-ecological urban transition process. Climate adaptation in cities is a complex problem and one of the main collective challenges for society, but the relationships between city managers and citizens as to urban green care still face many challenges. Parks design guided by technical-expert and globalised criteria; inflexibility from bureaucratic inertia; and citizens’ demands to participate in the urban green transition, sometimes without the necessary knowledge or time, are some of the challenges that require further research. In this study, we examine four long-lasting approaches to green-space management in four cities in the Netherlands, ranging from municipality-driven to community-driven management forms, and encompassing diverse spatial configurations of greenery within the urban fabric. Utilising the theoretical lens of the Social–Ecological Systems Framework, we employ a multiple-case-study approach and ethnographic fieldwork analysis to gain a comprehensive understanding of the norms, collective-choice rules, and social conventions embodied in each urban green management arrangement. The purpose of this research is applied, that is, to provide urban managers and decision-makers with a deeper understanding of drivers to promote effective collaborative management approaches, focusing on specific organisational rules that may contribute to more sustained planning and maintenance pathways for urban green spaces, regardless of changes in political leadership or significant external funding sources. The results of the investigated cases show that long-lasting collaborative management of forests and parks has established a set of collective-choice rules for resource transfer between municipalities and citizens, including non-monetary resources (such as pruning-training courses or guided tours that attract tourists and researchers). Additionally, these arrangements have been favoured by the existence of legal norms that enable co-ownership of the land, and monitoring and sanctioning mechanisms that offer a slightly different interpretation from the evidence identified so far in the scientific literature on collective resource management and organisational studies. Full article