Search Results (555)

Background/Objectives: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains clinically heterogeneous, and prognosis is not always fully explained by conventional clinicopathological parameters. Systemic inflammation and tumor metabolic alterations may provide complementary information on tumor biology. This study aimed to assess associations between preoperative inflammatory markers, isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS)-derived tumor signatures, clinicopathological features, and survival outcomes in OSCC. Methods: This exploratory retrospective secondary analysis included 50 consecutive patients with surgically treated, histologically confirmed OSCC. Preoperative blood-based markers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, and C-reactive protein, were retrieved from routine laboratory tests. Matched tumor, surgical margin, and healthy oral mucosa samples were analyzed by IRMS for δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, carbon and nitrogen content, and [N]/[C] ratio. Associations with clinicopathological variables, nodal status, overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) were evaluated using non-parametric tests, Spearman correlations, and Cox regression models. Results: Tumor tissue showed a consistent isotope and elemental phenotype compared with healthy mucosa, including higher nitrogen content, lower carbon content, increased [N]/[C] ratio, lower δ¹⁵N, and less negative δ¹³C values. NLR, PLR, SII, and CRP were not robustly associated with standard clinicopathological features after correction for multiple testing. Correlations between inflammatory and isotope-derived parameters were modest. Higher NLR was associated with worse OS and DFS and remained significant after adjustment for pathologic nodal status. Less negative tumor δ¹³C showed a potential adverse prognostic signal. Conclusions: Systemic inflammatory markers and IRMS-derived tumor signatures appear to reflect partly distinct biological domains in OSCC. NLR may provide accessible prognostic information, while tumor δ¹³C warrants further validation as a metabolic biomarker. Full article

Background/Objectives: Catatonia is a severe transdiagnostic neuropsychiatric syndrome for which accessible biological correlates remain insufficiently characterized. This study explored whether complete blood count (CBC)-derived inflammatory indices differ between psychiatric inpatients with catatonia and matched psychiatric controls without catatonia. Methods: This retrospective matched case–control study included 46 patients with catatonia and 46 psychiatric controls selected from the same clinical setting and study period. Controls were frequency-matched by sex, age distribution, and broad psychiatric diagnosis. CBC parameters obtained within the first 24 h of admission were used to calculate the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic immune–inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI). Group comparisons, adjusted log–linear regression models, Spearman correlations with documented catatonic signs, and exploratory receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed. Results: SII was higher in patients with catatonia than in controls and remained significant after Bonferroni correction (median 584 [IQR 468–823] vs. 476 [IQR 339–619], Bonferroni-adjusted p = 0.032). In secondary adjusted models, catatonia was associated with higher SII and SIRI after adjustment for body mass index, smoking, antipsychotic exposure, diabetes mellitus, and arterial hypertension. No inflammatory index correlated significantly with the number of documented catatonic signs after correction. Exploratory discrimination was poor to fair, with SII showing the highest AUC (0.665, 95% CI 0.550–0.773). Conclusions: CBC-derived indices, particularly SII, may reflect systemic inflammatory or physiological stress burden in catatonia, but they should be interpreted as exploratory markers rather than diagnostic biomarkers. Full article

Background and Objectives: Metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) continues to carry a poor prognosis despite advances in treatment, underscoring the need for simple and accessible biomarkers that reflect tumor–host interactions. The Global Immune–Nutrition–Inflammation Index (GINI), which combines inflammatory, immune, and nutritional parameters, may offer improved prognostic stratification compared with conventional indices. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 126 patients with metastatic PDAC treated between 2015 and 2024. GINI, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) were calculated using baseline laboratory data. Discriminative ability was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Survival outcomes were assessed using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models. Results: Among the evaluated indices, GINI showed the best discriminative performance (AUC, 0.769; 95% CI, 0.637–0.900), with a sensitivity of 78.8% and specificity of 76.9%. Patients with lower GINI values had significantly longer overall survival than those with higher values (median OS, 11.0 vs. 7.0 months; p = 0.014). Although progression-free survival differed statistically (p = 0.006), median PFS was the same in both groups (5.0 months). In univariable analysis, higher GINI was associated with worse OS (HR, 1.67; p = 0.022) and PFS (HR, 1.75; p = 0.012). However, in multivariable analysis, ECOG performance status remained the only consistent independent predictor, and GINI was no longer significant. Conclusions: GINI is a practical and biologically meaningful biomarker that improves risk discrimination in metastatic PDAC. While it does not retain independent prognostic significance, its ability to capture the overall tumor–host interaction  supports its use as a complementary tool for baseline risk assessment. Full article

Background/Objectives: Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease characterized by heterogeneous clinical manifestations and variable disease severity. Hematological inflammatory markers, including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), red cell distribution width (RDW), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), have recently attracted attention as accessible indicators of systemic inflammation in sarcoidosis. This study aimed to evaluate radiological stage, symptom burden, pulmonary function parameters, and hematological markers in patients with sarcoidosis. Methods: This retrospective multicenter cohort study included histopathologically confirmed sarcoidosis patients from 10 centers. Demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, pulmonary function test parameters, serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) levels, and hematological inflammatory markers (MPV, RDW, NLR, PLR, SII) were evaluated. Patients were categorized according to radiological stage (stage 0–I vs. stage II–IV), symptomatic status, and symptom burden (<3 vs. ≥3 symptoms). Results: Among 458 patients included in the study, stage I (47.8%) and stage II (46.9%) disease were the predominant radiological presentations. Patients with stage II–IV disease were older and demonstrated significantly lower forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC ratio, and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) values together with higher serum ACE levels compared with stage 0–I disease. Dyspnea, weight loss, and extrapulmonary involvement were more frequent in stage 2–4 disease. No significant associations were observed between radiological stage and NLR, PLR, or SII values. MPV and RDW values differed significantly between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Patients with ≥3 symptoms demonstrated significantly lower pulmonary function parameters together with statistically significant higher NLR, PLR, and SII values. In multivariate analyses, only the SII demonstrated an independent association with a high symptom burden. Conclusions: Serum ACE levels were associated with advanced radiological stage, whereas hemogram-derived inflammatory indices, particularly the NLR, PLR, and SII, were associated with symptom burden rather than radiological stage in sarcoidosis and may reflect symptomatic inflammatory activity. Full article

Six years into the COVID-19 pandemic, evidence is increasingly clear that long COVID affects women disproportionately, with higher rates of persistent cognitive and neurological symptoms. Yet, the biological mechanisms underlying this sex-dimorphic impact remain elusive. We investigated whether the immune storm of acute COVID-19 leaves a silent yet sex-specific scar on white matter integrity that shapes long-term cognitive health. In 60 previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors, we combined an inflammatory snapshot at admission proxied by the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) with 3T diffusion MRI and a comprehensive cognitive battery (BACS) acquired three months after recovery. Sex reshaped the inflammation–brain relationship: a higher SII predicted a diffuse alteration pattern within core associative and inter-hemispheric fibres in females only, sparing the male architecture despite a comparable inflammatory burden. In women, white matter damage coupled with poorer psychomotor coordination, and mean diffusivity fully mediated the link, unveiling a female-specific pathway from systemic inflammation to cognitive slowdown. COVID-19 inflammation imprints a durable, sex-sensitive footprint on white matter that selectively undermines psychomotor coordination in female survivors, despite a clinical recovery. This work positions women’s white matter as a critical target of post-COVID neuroinflammation and argues for sex-informed monitoring and interventions that explicitly tackle immune–brain crosstalk in long COVID. Full article

Background/Objectives: Although outcomes in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) have improved substantially, patients with advanced-stage disease, comorbidities, or relapsed/refractory presentations can still fare poorly. Blood-based indices of systemic inflammation and nutrition are derived from routine tests, but their value beyond established prognostic models is uncertain. We examined the association of the baseline Gustave Roussy Immune Score (GRIm) and Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) with treatment response, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) in HL, focusing on their performance relative to the seven-factor International Prognostic Score (IPS-7). Methods: We retrospectively analysed 110 adults with histologically confirmed HL treated at a tertiary haematology centre between January 2015 and December 2025. GPS, GRIm, and IPS-7 were calculated from data recorded at diagnosis. Treatment response was classified as complete versus non-complete. Outcomes were assessed with Kaplan–Meier analysis, log-rank tests, Cox regression, Harrell’s C-index, and likelihood-ratio testing. Results: Most patients had advanced-stage disease (69.1%) and received ABVD-based treatment (94.5%); complete response was achieved in 90 (81.8%). GPS and GRIm were not significantly associated with non-complete response, whereas IPS-7 was. Over a median follow-up of 39.5 months, 28 patients (25.5%) progressed or died and 17 (15.5%) died. In univariable Cox analysis, high GRIm risk (HR = 2.68, 95% CI 1.17–6.14), higher GPS (HR = 2.18 per point, 95% CI 1.23–3.89), and higher IPS-7 (HR = 2.10 per point, 95% CI 1.59–2.77) predicted shorter PFS. For OS, GPS and IPS-7 were significant, whereas GRIm was not. After adjustment for IPS-7, neither GPS nor GRIm remained independently associated with PFS or OS, and adding either score to IPS-7 produced only small, non-significant gains in discrimination. Conclusions: Baseline GPS and GRIm were associated with survival on univariable analysis, particularly for PFS, but their incremental value beyond IPS-7 was limited. These scores may help describe baseline inflammatory and nutritional risk and should not be regarded as alternatives to established HL prognostic models. In particular, GPS and GRIm were not significantly associated with treatment response and should be viewed as supportive markers requiring external validation, rather than as tools that can independently guide treatment decisions. Full article

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationships of AHA/ACC blood pressure stages and circadian blood pressure patterns with clinical, metabolic, inflammatory, and structural echocardiographic parameters in newly diagnosed hypertensive (HT) patients, and to identify independent predictors of high-risk circadian disruptions. Methods: A total of 539 patients undergoing 24 h Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) between 2022 and 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were grouped by nocturnal blood pressure dipping percentages and HT stages; laboratory markers (TyG index(Triglyceride–Glucose İndex), AIP(Atherogenic İndex of Plasma), SII(Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index), AISI(Aggregate Index of Systemic Inflammation), NLR(Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio)) and echocardiographic data were evaluated via multivariable logistic regression. Results: The mean cohort age was 46.49 ± 13.98 years. Progressing HT stages were associated with significant increases in metabolic risk indicators: TyG index (p = 0.002) and AIP (p = 0.004). The prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) increased significantly from 7.3% in the normal group to 34.5% in Stage 2 HT (p < 0.001). The highest-risk “reverse-dipper” group had a significantly higher mean age (50.32 ± 14.55 years) than other groups (p < 0.001). In multivariable logistic regression, left atrial diameter (LAd) was the only common independent structural predictor of circadian disruption across all models (Extreme-Dipper OR: 1.19, p = 0.003; Non-Dipper OR: 1.11, p = 0.001). In the Reverse-Dipper model score analysis, both LAd (p < 0.001) and LVH (p = 0.001) demonstrated strong independent predictive potential. Inflammatory indices (SII, AISI, NLR) showed no independent predictive value (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Advanced HT stages and disrupted circadian rhythms are strongly associated with metabolic impairment, left atrial dilatation, and LVH. In older hypertensive patients presenting with left atrial enlargement and LVH, echocardiographic screening and close ABPM are crucial for early “reverse-dipper” pattern detection. Full article

Background and Objectives: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a hereditary autoinflammatory disease characterized by recurrent inflammatory attacks and a risk of AA amyloidosis. Although inflammatory activity may persist during attack-free periods, reliable biomarkers of subclinical inflammation remain limited. The pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), a composite index derived from circulating immune cell counts, has emerged as a marker of systemic inflammation. This study investigated the association between PIV, MEFV mutation burden, and amyloidosis in patients with FMF during attack-free periods. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 386 adult patients with FMF followed at a tertiary rheumatology clinic. Patients were stratified by MEFV mutation status into three groups: Group 1 (genetically non-confirmatory FMF or low-penetrance/non-causative MEFV variants such as E148Q), Group 2 (single pathogenic mutation), and Group 3 (biallelic pathogenic mutations). Patients were also categorized by amyloidosis status. PIV was calculated as (neutrophil count × platelet count × monocyte count)/lymphocyte count using complete blood count parameters obtained during attack-free visits. Associations between PIV and clinical characteristics were evaluated using correlation and logistic regression analyses, and discriminative performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: PIV levels differed significantly across genotype-defined groups (median: 172, 329.3, and 479.5 in Groups 1–3, respectively; p < 0.001) and were higher in patients with amyloidosis than in those without amyloidosis (540.5 vs. 218.1; p < 0.001). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, PIV remained independently associated with both biallelic pathogenic mutation status (OR = 1.007, 95% CI: 1.003–1.010, p < 0.001) and the presence of amyloidosis (OR = 1.002, 95% CI: 1.001–1.003, p < 0.001). ROC analysis showed an AUC of 0.853 for distinguishing Group 3 from Group 1 (cut-off 337; sensitivity 80.7%, specificity 77.0%) and an AUC of 0.814 for discriminating patients with and without amyloidosis (cut-off 316.4; sensitivity 86.0%, specificity 65.6%). Conclusions: PIV was independently associated with MEFV mutation burden and amyloidosis in patients with FMF during attack-free periods. These findings suggest that PIV may reflect the inflammatory burden associated with genetic mutation load and amyloidosis in FMF. Prospective longitudinal studies are warranted to externally validate these findings and further clarify the relationship between PIV, inflammatory burden, and disease severity in FMF. Full article

Objective: Malignant middle cerebral artery infarction is associated with high mortality despite decompressive craniectomy. Reliable biomarkers predicting early outcome remain limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of inflammatory biomarkers, particularly the systemic immune–inflammation index (SII), for predicting in-hospital mortality in patients undergoing decompressive craniectomy for malignant middle cerebral artery infarction. Methods: This retrospective study included 31 patients who underwent decompressive craniectomy for malignant MCA infarction between 2014 and 2024. Demographic, clinical, radiological, and laboratory variables were analyzed. Results: Overall in-hospital mortality was 61.3%. Non-survivors had significantly higher SII, neutrophil count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, serum creatinine, and higher prevalence of hypertension and anticoagulant therapy. ROC analysis showed that SII had the highest predictive performance (AUC = 0.833). Multivariate analysis identified age, serum creatinine, NLR, SII, hypertension, and anticoagulant therapy as independent predictors of mortality. Patients aged ≥65 years had significantly higher in-hospital mortality than younger patients. Conclusions: Elevated SII is a strong independent predictor of early mortality after decompressive craniectomy and may serve as a simple and clinically applicable biomarker for risk stratification. Full article

Background/Objectives: Inflammation plays a central role in the pathophysiology of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and may influence myocardial injury, ventricular dysfunction and clinical outcomes. Simple inflammatory biomarkers derived from routine laboratory tests have been proposed as potential prognostic indicators in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between admission inflammatory biomarkers, echocardiographic markers of ventricular dysfunction and in-hospital mortality in patients with STEMI treated with primary PCI. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study including 600 consecutive patients admitted with STEMI and treated with primary PCI between January 2021 and August 2025. Inflammatory biomarkers measured at admission included C-reactive protein (CRP); neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR); platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR); systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and C-reactive protein-to-lymphocyte ratio (CLR). Echocardiographic parameters and clinical outcomes were recorded. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. Results: In-hospital mortality occurred in 54 patients (9.0%). Patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF ≤ 40%) had significantly higher CRP and CLR levels (p < 0.01). Inflammatory biomarkers were associated with markers of ventricular dysfunction but were not independent predictors of mortality. Age, LVEF < 40% and the number of residual coronary lesions independently predicted in-hospital death. Conclusions: In STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI, early mortality is mainly determined by age; ventricular dysfunction and residual coronary disease burden, while inflammatory biomarkers primarily reflect the severity of myocardial injury rather than independently predicting short-term mortality. Full article

Background and Objectives: Routine laboratory markers may support diagnostic risk stratification for osteoporosis, but their incremental value beyond the Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool for Asians (OSTA) remains uncertain in referral-based practice. We evaluated whether serum uric acid, albumin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and systemic inflammatory indices improve prediction of DXA-defined osteoporosis beyond OSTA in postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 3504 postmenopausal women referred for DXA between January 2021 and May 2025. Osteoporosis was defined as the lowest T-score ≤ −2.5 at the lumbar spine, total hip, or femoral neck. Sequential exclusions removed patients with chronic hepatobiliary disease, chronic systemic inflammatory disease, bone-active medication exposure, systemic glucocorticoid use, abnormal liver biochemistry, or missing required variables. Multivariable logistic regression assessed associations, and OSTA-based prediction models were internally validated using stratified 10-fold cross-validation. Results: Osteoporosis was present in 1660 women (47.4%). Higher BMI, uric acid, and albumin were independently associated with lower odds of osteoporosis, whereas ALP and calcium were associated with higher odds. OSTA alone achieved an AUC of 0.679. Adding uric acid, albumin, and ALP increased AUC to 0.695 and slightly improved the Brier score, with good calibration. Adding the systemic immune-inflammation index did not materially improve performance. Conclusions: Routine laboratory variables provided only modest incremental value beyond OSTA. The model should be interpreted as an exploratory referral-pathway prioritization approach, not as a standalone population-screening tool. It should not be used as a diagnostic surrogate for DXA or as a fracture-risk model. Full article

Background. Hematological inflammatory indices from the complete blood count have been proposed as inexpensive prognostic markers in sepsis. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are the most studied, but the performance of monocyte-containing alternatives (SIRI, AISI) in the elderly, in whom immunosenescence may alter the leukocyte phenotype, remains poorly characterized. Methods. In a single-center retrospective cohort of patients aged ≥65 years admitted to a tertiary ICU with Sepsis-3-defined sepsis (n = 127, 33 deaths), we compared the discrimination of six indices (NLR, PLR, MLR, SII, SIRI, AISI) for 30-day all-cause mortality using AUROC with bootstrap confidence intervals and pairwise DeLong tests. Independent associations were assessed by logistic regression adjusted for APACHE II and age; incremental value over APACHE II was explored using IDI, cNRI, calibration and decision curve analysis, with bootstrap optimism correction. Results. Thirty-day mortality was 26.0%. The monocyte-containing indices (AISI, SIRI, MLR) discriminated better than SII and NLR, and AISI was significantly superior to SII, NLR and PLR on DeLong testing, though not to SIRI, MLR or APACHE II. After adjustment for APACHE II and age, AISI, SIRI and MLR remained independently associated with mortality, whereas SII and PLR did not. Adding AISI to APACHE II improved reclassification and calibration and yielded higher net clinical benefit across clinically relevant thresholds. Conclusions. In this exploratory, single-center analysis, monocyte-containing indices, particularly AISI, were more strongly associated with 30-day mortality in elderly ICU sepsis than SII or NLR. AISI, SIRI and MLR were strongly intercorrelated and near-equivalent, and AISI did not significantly exceed APACHE II in discrimination. These hypothesis-generating findings require prospective external validation before clinical use. Full article

Background/objectives: Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) is a frequent and morbid complication in catheter-dependent maintenance hemodialysis, and rapid risk stratification is needed while awaiting cultures. This study aimed to evaluate admission complete blood count-derived indices—neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV)—for identifying CRBSI. Methods: This single-center retrospective study (1 January 2011–31 October 2024) included adult catheter-dependent hemodialysis patients classified as CRBSI or controls. CRBSI required compatible clinical findings and concordant growth of the same microorganism(s) in paired simultaneous catheter and peripheral blood cultures. Controls were hospitalized for non-infectious reasons without infection during the index admission. Indices were calculated from admission blood counts. Discrimination was assessed using ROC analysis, and adjusted associations were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Among 286 patients (147 CRBSI, 139 controls), CRBSI cases had higher NLR, SII, and PIV and lower LMR; PLR did not differ. NLR showed the numerically highest discriminatory performance among the evaluated indices (AUC 0.737; cut-off 5.96; sensitivity 68.7%, specificity 68.3%; p < 0.001). SII (cut-off 1189.21; AUC 0.693) and PIV (cut-off 821.62; AUC 0.686) had moderate discrimination, and LMR was modest (cut-off 1.65; AUC 0.642); PLR was not discriminatory (AUC 0.559; p = 0.086). In models adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, NLR remained associated with CRBSI (OR 1.159; p < 0.001), together with hypertension (OR 2.441; p = 0.017) and cardiovascular disease (OR 2.626; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Admission hematologic inflammation indices, particularly NLR, showed moderate ability to discriminate CRBSI from non-infectious admissions in catheter-dependent hemodialysis patients and may provide rapid adjunctive information while awaiting microbiological confirmation. Full article

Background: Increasing evidence suggests that schizophrenia may be associated with peripheral immune–inflammatory alterations, although the distributional characteristics and heterogeneity of routinely available complete blood count (CBC)-derived inflammatory indices in real-world psychiatric inpatient settings remain insufficiently characterized. The present study aimed to descriptively evaluate the distributional properties of CBC-derived inflammatory markers in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia using an exploratory panel-based analytical framework. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis using anonymized CBC laboratory panels obtained from hospitalized patients with schizophrenia at a tertiary psychiatric center. Following panel reconstruction and quality control procedures, 858 structurally valid CBC panels were included in the analyses. Primary inflammatory indices included neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune–inflammation index (SII). Descriptive distributional analyses, threshold-based prevalence estimation, Spearman correlation analyses, and exploratory unsupervised clustering procedures were performed to evaluate inflammatory variability and internal distributional patterns within the dataset. Results: Median NLR was 2.51 (IQR: 1.95–3.55), median MLR was 0.25 (IQR: 0.19–0.31), median PLR was 124.10 (IQR: 100.40–163.94), and median SII was 686.96 (IQR: 484.81–1045.85). Threshold-based analyses demonstrated substantial variability in inflammatory burden distributions, with 35.9% of panels showing NLR > 3 and 27.0% demonstrating SII > 1000. Correlation analyses revealed strong positive associations among NLR, PLR, and SII, whereas RDW-CV and MPV demonstrated weaker and more heterogeneous relationships with the principal inflammatory indices. Exploratory clustering analyses generated two distributional clusters, including a smaller cluster exhibiting relatively higher NLR, MLR, PLR, SII, WBC, and platelet values than the remaining panels. Female panels demonstrated significantly higher PLR and SII distributions following false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Conclusions: The present findings suggest that CBC-derived inflammatory indices demonstrate substantial distributional variability within this panel-based schizophrenia dataset. Although the exploratory design, absence of patient-level linkage, and lack of clinical confounder adjustment substantially limit biological interpretation, routinely available hematological inflammatory markers may still provide a pragmatic framework for descriptive characterization of inflammatory variability patterns in real-world psychiatric populations. Future patient-level longitudinal studies integrating clinical, pharmacological, and molecular variables will be necessary to determine the potential clinical relevance of inflammatory heterogeneity in schizophrenia. Full article

Background/Objectives: Prognostic stratification in non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains challenging, particularly among patients within the same TNM stage. Readily available hematologic inflammatory indices may reflect host–tumor interactions and provide additional prognostic information beyond conventional clinicopathologic factors. This study evaluated the prognostic value of pretreatment hematologic inflammatory indices for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with non-metastatic NPC. Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included adult patients with non-metastatic NPC diagnosed at a tertiary referral center between 20 February 2014 and 2 May 2023, with outcomes ascertained through 12 December 2023. Pretreatment complete blood count and biochemical parameters were used to calculate the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammation index, pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), and hemoglobin–albumin–lymphocyte–platelet score. Receiver operating characteristic analysis determined optimal cut-off values for mortality discrimination. Associations with OS and PFS were assessed using Cox regression models. Results: Forty-six patients were analyzed, including 37 males. Median OS and PFS were 45.90 and 37.05 months, respectively. Compared with survivors, non-survivors were older and had lower hemoglobin and albumin levels, higher PIV, NLR, PLR, and SII values, and lower HALP scores. Although NLR showed the highest conventional ROC performance for mortality discrimination, PIV retained prognostic significance in multivariable Cox models and showed stable time-dependent discrimination for PFS. Conclusions: These preliminary findings suggest that pretreatment inflammatory indices, particularly composite markers such as PIV, may provide adjunctive prognostic information in treatment-naïve non-metastatic NPC, pending larger prospective validation. Full article