The phenotypically informed histotype classification remains the mainstay of ovarian carcinoma subclassification. Histotypes of ovarian epithelial neoplasms have evolved with each edition of the WHO Classification of Female Genital Tumours. The curre...
Background: Early external validation studies demonstrated the robust and consistent predictive performance of the International IgA Nephropathy Prediction Tool (IIgAN-PT) across diverse ethnic populations. However, emerging evidence suggests that, i...
Background: Intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (BCLC B HCC) occurs in a heterogeneous group of patients and can be addressed with a wide spectrum of treatments. Consequently, survival significantly varies among patients. In recent years, sev...
River ice products from optical satellites are still dominated by binary ice–water or ice–snow discrimination, leaving within-ice spectral heterogeneity largely unresolved. This study benchmarks how far river ice can be subclassified from...
Background: Pathological N1 (pN1) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presents variable survival; yet, the TNM system lacks N1 subclassification. While studies focus on numerical nodal burden, the prognostic impact of anatomical location remains uncle...
Background/Objectives: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is subclassified into small and large duct types. Although these subclassifications may help determine the appropriate treatment strategy, subclassification diagnosis currently depends on p...
Background/Objectives: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is subclassified into small- and large-duct types. Small-duct-type iCCAs are associated with a better prognosis, and each subclassification requires different surgical strategies. The effi...
Background: Functional lumbar segmental instability (FLSI) is a clinically significant subtype of nonspecific low back pain, characterized by impaired motor control during mid-range spinal motion. Despite its prevalence, diagnostic approaches remain...
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a heterogeneous group of cancers of the intrahepatic biliary tract. However, few studies have evaluated integrin expression according to an ICC subgroup. We immunohistochemically investigated α6β4 (β4) and αvβ...
This study aimed to assess the accuracy of diagnosis of vertical furcation subclass in molars using periapical radiographs (PAs) and clinical chartings compared against cone-beam computer tomography (CBCT) as the gold standard. The protocol involved...
Background: The growing number of ulcerative colitis (UC) treatments has complicated the selection process. We hypothesized that the degree of epithelial neutrophilic infiltration, which is a hallmark of interleukin-23 (IL-23) pathway activation, cou...
The presence of computed tomography bronchus sign (CT-BS) substantially increases the diagnostic yield of peripheral pulmonary lesions. However, the clinical significance of subdividing CT-BS remains controversial. We classified bronchus types on CT...
Background/Objectives: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a heterogeneous inflammatory disease in which eosinophilic subclassification is widely used for clinical stratification. However, it remains unclear how closely nominal histo...
The TNM classification system is one of the most important factors determining prognosis for cancer patients. In colorectal cancer, the T category reflects the depth of tumor invasion. T3 is defined by a tumor that invades through the muscularis prop...
Background/Objectives: Bethesda category III (atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance; AUS/FLUS) thyroid nodules represent a heterogeneous group with variable malignancy risk, creating challenges in clinical...
With the continuous influx of application software onto the application software market, achieving accurate software recommendations for users in the huge software application market is urgent. To address this issue, each application software market...
Objectives: This study focused on the presence or absence of vascular invasion and extrahepatic metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and examined their impact on systemic treatment outcomes. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 362 patients w...
Automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems play a prominent role in the security field due to the usability of voice biometrics compared to alternative biometric authentication modalities. Nevertheless, ASV systems are susceptible to malicious voic...
Background: The Sanders classification is a widely used method for classifying calcaneal fractures. Type IV fractures (>4 fragments) are known to vary in the number of fracture fragments. However, all relevant cases are classified as type IV irres...
Histomorphologic types of gastric cancer (GC) have significant prognostic values that should be considered during treatment planning. Because the thorough quantitative review of a tissue slide is a laborious task for pathologists, deep learning (DL)...
(1) Background: Endometrial carcinoma (EC) classified as no specific molecular profile (NSMP) represents a heterogeneous group with variable prognoses. This retrospective, single-center study aims to further stratify NSMP ECs to tailor treatment stra...
Background: Interleukin (IL)-23 exerts its effects by activating Th17 cells, resulting in high neutrophilic infiltration in the colonic mucosal epithelium. We have developed a scoring method for refining the Geboes score Grade 3 to identify active ul...
The evolving history of the small intestinal biopsy and its interpretation—and misinterpretations—are described in this paper. Certain interpretative errors in the technical approaches to histological assessment are highlighted—even though we may nev...
The GeneCaRNA human gene database is a member of the GeneCards Suite. It presents ~280,000 human non-coding RNA genes, identified algorithmically from ~690,000 RNAcentral transcripts. This expands by ~tenfold the ncRNA gene count relative to other so...
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) represents a significant challenge for pediatricians who intend to diagnose and treat this pathology. The classification criteria for JIA subtypes are rigid and often do not fully satisfy the possibilities of class...
Purpose: Existing T3 subclassifications for upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) are limited by heterogeneity and a primary focus on renal pelvis tumors. Our study aimed to propose a novel pT3 subclassification system specifically tailored to pT3 UTU...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a major global contributor of cancer death, usually arises in a background of chronic liver disease, as a result of molecular changes that deregulate important signal transduction pathways. Recent studies have shown th...
The evaluation of management in peri-urban agricultural and natural areas (PANAs) constitutes a complex topic, particularly when considering its scale in cities where landscape planning is a priority. Therefore, indicators are required to assess the...
Slow uptake of biosimilars in some regions is often attributed to a lack of knowledge combined with concerns about safety and efficacy. To alleviate physician and patient apprehensions, regulatory reviews from four major regulatory authorities (RAs)...
The early identification and treatment of various dermatological conditions depend on the detection of skin lesions. Due to advancements in computer-aided diagnosis and machine learning approaches, learning-based skin lesion analysis methods have att...
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a heterogeneous bile duct cancer with a poor prognosis. Integrin αvβ6 (β6) has been shown to be upregulated in iCCA and is associated with its subclassification and clinicopathological features. In the presen...
Vulvar carcinoma is a rare disease, meeting the criteria for a “rare cancer”, but its incidence is increasing, especially in women <60 years of age. Squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) accounts for the overwhelming majority of vulvar carcin...
Immunotherapy is becoming a promising strategy for treating diverse cancers. However, it benefits only a selected group of gastric cancer (GC) patients since they have highly heterogeneous immunosuppressive microenvironments. Thus, a more sophisticat...
Peripheral T-Cell lymphoma (PTCL) comprises a heterogenous group of uncommon lymphomas derived from mature, post-thymic or “peripheral” T- and natural killer cells. The World Health Organization (WHO) emphasizes a multiparameter approach...
The question of how to distinguish between lipases and esterases is about as old as the definition of the subclassification is. Many different criteria have been proposed to this end, all indicative but not decisive. Here, the activity of lipases in...
Background: Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) remain a major challenge in arthroplasty. This study tries to evaluate the PJI-TNM classification as predictor for the revision-free implant survival in patients with PJI of the hip or knee joint. Me...
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It is a clinically and morphologically heterogeneous entity that has continued to resist complete subtyping. Molecular subtyping efforts emerged in earnest with the advent...
Bladder cancer ranks as the 10th most prevalent cancer globally with an increasing incidence. Radical cystectomy combined with urinary diversion represents the standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer, offering a range of techniques tail...
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) represents a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic neoplasms deriving from the abnormal proliferation of myeloid progenitors in the bone marrow. Patients with AML may have highly variable outcomes, which are generally dict...
Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is characterized by dismal prognosis, partially due to its low sensitivity to standard chemotherapy regimen. It is also well-known for presenting unique molecular features in comparison to other epithelial ovarian...
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a heterogeneous class of RNAs that are generally defined as non-protein-coding transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides. Recently, an increasing number of studies have shown that lncRNAs can be involved in various cr...
High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are a heterogenous group of plasma molecules with a large variety in composition. There is a wide specter in lipid content and the number of different proteins that has been associated with HDL is approaching 100. Give...
Paediatric Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a leading cause of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome and progressive kidney failure in children. Early subclassification into primary, secondary, genetic, or undetermined forms is crucial for...
Management of lung cancer has transformed over the past decade and is no longer considered a singular disease as it now has multiple sub-classifications based on molecular markers. The current treatment paradigm requires a multidisciplinary approach....
More than 600 million people globally are estimated to be living with chronic pain. It is one of the most common complaints seen in an outpatient setting, with over half of patients complaining of pain during a visit. Failure to properly diagnose and...
Epigenetic changes in DNA methylation contribute to the development of many diseases, including cancer. In glioblastoma multiforme, the most prevalent primary brain cancer and an incurable tumor with a median survival time of 15 months, a single epig...
The weathering of ancient glass relics has long been a concerned. Therefore, a systematic and more comprehensive mathematical model with which to correctly judge the category of ancient glass products whose chemical composition changes due to weather...
Monteggia fractures represent complex injuries requiring careful assessment and surgical intervention. This case report presents a rare variation of a Bado type I Monteggia fracture–dislocation that resembles features from the Jupiter subclassi...
This paper aims to investigate the seasonal fluctuations in recreational boating demand in the Croatian Nautical Port System from 1998 to 2018. The number of vessels in transit is used as an organizational performance indicator of seasonal fluctuatio...
The process of axon myelination involves various proteins including molecular chaperones. Myelin alteration is a common feature in neurological diseases due to structural and functional abnormalities of one or more myelin proteins. Genetic proteinopa...
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