Search Results (71)

The summarized content of one or more extensive text documents helps users extract only the most important key information, instead of reviewing and reading hundreds of pages of text. This study uses extractive and abstractive mechanisms to automatically extract and summarize information retrieved from various web documents on the same topic. The research aims to develop a methodology for designing and developing an information system for pre- and post-processing natural language obtained through web content search and web scraping, and for the automatic generation of a summary of the retrieved text. The research outlines two subtasks. As a first step, the system is designed to collect and process up-to-date information based on specific criteria from diverse web resources related to project funding, initiated by various organizations such as startups, sustainable companies, municipalities, government bodies, schools, the NGO sector, and others. As a second step, the collected extensive textual information about current projects and programs, which is typically intended for financial professionals, is to be summarized into a shorter version and transformed into a suitable format for a wide range of non-specialist users. The automated AI software tool, which will be developed using the proposed methodology, will be able to crawl and read project funding information from various web documents, select, process, and prepare a shortened version containing only the most important key information for its clients. Full article

To address the energy supply demands of the distributed marine monitoring nodes, developing marine sustainable energy sources has become imperative. This study develops a rolling-mode direct wave energy converter, with a series of dynamic simulations and forced motion experiments. Analysis with WAMIT V5.4 software achieved the typical pitch motion of the device, while ADAMS View 2020 software simulated the working process of the rolling-mode power take off. Forced motion experiments were conducted on a three-degree-of-freedom forced motion platform. The coil parameters were selected based on the open circuit voltage from the benchmark tests. Under an 18° pitch angle and a 0.6 Hz frequency, a single power take off unit could yield a peak short-circuit current of 31.22 mA and an average power density of 31.82 W/m³. Charging experiments demonstrated that two power take off units could charge the 0.1 F capacitor to 3.5 V within 5.5 min to power marine sensors. Compared to previous designs, the straight-track, rolling-mode power take off is advantageous in its startup easiness, simple structure and robustness. Full article

This research evaluates four hydrogen (H₂) production technologies via water electrolysis (WE): alkaline water electrolysis (AWE), proton exchange membrane electrolysis (PEME), anion exchange membrane electrolysis (AEME), and solid oxide electrolysis (SOE). Two scoring and ranking methods, the MACBETH method and the Pugh decision matrix, are utilized for this evaluation. The scoring process employs nine decision criteria: capital expenditure (CAPEX), operating expenditure (OPEX), operating efficiency (SOE), startup time (SuT), environmental impact (EI), technology readiness level (TRL), maintenance requirements (MRs), supply chain challenges (SCCs), and levelized cost of H₂ (LCOH). The MACBETH method involves pairwise technology comparisons for each decision criterion using seven qualitative judgment categories, which are converted into quantitative scores via M-MACBETH software (Version 3.2.0). The Pugh decision matrix benchmarks WE technologies using a baseline technology—SMR with CCS—and a three-point scoring scale (0 for the baseline, +1 for better, −1 for worse). Results from both methods indicate AWE as the leading H₂ production technology, which is followed by AEME, PEME, and SOE. AWE excels due to its lowest CAPEX and OPEX, highest TRL, and optimal operational efficiency (at ≈7 bars of pressure), which minimizes LCOH. AEME demonstrates balanced performance across the criteria. While PEME shows advantages in some areas, it requires improvements in others. SOE has the most areas needing enhancement. These insights can direct future R&D efforts toward the most promising H₂ production technologies to achieve the net-zero goal. Full article

Embedded system networks are widely deployed across various domains and often perform mission-critical tasks, making it essential for all nodes within the system to be trustworthy. Traditionally, each node is equipped with a discrete Trusted Platform Module (dTPM) to ensure network-wide trustworthiness. However, this study proposes a cost-effective system architecture that deploys software-based TPMs (SWTPMs) on the majority of nodes, while reserving dTPMs for a few central nodes to maintain overall system integrity. The proposed architecture employs IBMACS for system integrity reporting. In addition, a database-based anomaly detection (AD) agent is developed to identify and isolate untrusted nodes. A traffic anomaly detection agent is also introduced to monitor communication between servers and clients, ensuring that traffic patterns remain normal. Finally, a custom measurement kernel is implemented, along with an activation agent, to enforce a measured boot process for custom applications during startup. This architecture is designed to safeguard mission-critical embedded systems from malicious threats while reducing deployment costs. Full article

This article analyses the potential use of a Line-Start Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor (LSPMSM) in a drive system with a frequency converter that enables stable operation without internal feedback from the rotor position. In Fault-Tolerant Control (FTC) drives, resistant to measuring sensor faults, classical PMSM machines lose the possibility of stable operation in the event of damage to the position/speed sensor. LSPMSMs can operate without the presence of measuring sensors. However, most existing studies focus on the application of LSPMSMs powered directly from the grid, which is a suitable approach for large machines such as pumps and fans. Given the ongoing efforts to improve the efficiency of electric drives, it is reasonable to explore the application of LSPMSMs in drives controlled by frequency converters. The key advantage of this approach is that the motor, which typically operates in a vector control structure, can maintain stable operation even in the event of a speed sensor failure. This article presents a comprehensive research approach. Calculations of a new type of induced-pole LSPMSM were carried out, and simulation tests using Ansys software were performed. Next, a prototype of the machine was made. The induced-pole PMSM contains a two-times-lower number of permanent magnets but their volume in the motor rotor is the same due to demagnetization robustness. The motor has enclosure-less construction. The startup and running characteristics of the motor were investigated under direct-on-line supply. The article presents calculations, simulation analyses, and experimental validation under scalar control, confirming the feasibility of using this type of machine in Fault-Tolerant Control drives. Full article

Financial and administrative management models are crucial to the success of digital ventures, providing practices that optimize resource management and support strategic decision-making in dynamic digital environments. This study presents an original systematic literature review (SLR) following the PRISMA guidelines, analyzing 354 articles extracted from Scopus and Web of Science databases. Bibliometric techniques, including VOSViewer 1.6.19 version and R-Bibliometrix software 4.3.3 version, were used to identify key research themes, emerging trends, and future directions in the field. A notable 114.29% increase in academic output from 2019 to 2024 underscores the growing importance of these management models. The analysis reveals a focus on financial management tools (e.g., Valuation, Discounted Cash Flow models) and administrative models (e.g., RocaSalvatella, INCIPY), while also exploring the challenges and opportunities present in digital environments. The interaction between external variables (resource management, operational efficiency, adaptability, financial planning, technological innovation) and internal variables (market conditions, government regulations, economic trends) is discussed. This study highlights the integration of agile methodologies, such as Lean Startup, and the growing emphasis on digital resilience, organizational agility, and the impact of digital transformation on business models. The theoretical contribution of this study lies in offering a comprehensive framework that synthesizes existing models, highlights key research gaps, and emphasizes the need for future studies on the dynamic interaction between financial planning, technological innovation, and organizational agility. From a practical perspective, the findings provide digital entrepreneurs and managers with valuable insights into implementing financial tools and administrative frameworks that enhance decision-making, while also underscoring the importance of agility, operational efficiency, and market adaptability to navigate digital disruptions. Full article

The adjustment of counterweights in bucket wheel stacker reclaimers is crucial for the equipment’s load-bearing capacity, vibration, and overall stability. To enhance operational reliability and safety while reducing failure rates and maintenance costs, this study employs finite element analysis (FEA) software and multibody dynamics (MBD) software to develop a rigid–flexible coupling model of the bucket wheel stacker reclaimer. By simulating the excavation forces generated by different materials, the dynamic response of the equipment during operation was analyzed. The results indicate that during the initial startup phase, significant fluctuations in the system’s parameters occur due to vibrations, but these stabilize after 40 s of damping. Comparative analysis of four excavation forces and various counterweight values during the reclaiming process identifies the optimal counterweight as 170 t. The study further reveals that under rotary working conditions, as the excavation force increases, the failure counterweight value increases by 8.3%. This research provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the adjustment of counterweights in bucket wheel stacker reclaimers, guiding operational practices under actual working conditions, ensuring efficient operation across different scenarios, and extending the equipment’s service life. Full article

In a start-up, the level of technological innovation is crucial to the start-up’s competitiveness, especially in the digital age; as a result, high-tech start-ups stand a better chance of being more profitable than middle-tech and low-tech start-ups. The aim of this study is to identify and examine research papers regarding the role of technological innovation in advancing Sustainable Development Goal 8 (SDG) in the current context. This study intends to fill research gaps by performing a systematic literature review and meta-analysis following the PRISMA guidelines on the subject. To investigate advancements in the use of start-up technologies, scientific publications were obtained from the Scopus database, yielding a total of 384 entries for the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and the meta-analyses identification stage. The findings indicate that high technology encompasses artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, the Internet of Things (IoT), and collaborative robots; medium technology comprises mobile applications, big data, and cloud computing; and low technology consists of software and connectivity. Each of the technological innovations plays a significant role in advancing SDG 8, encompassing aspects such as economic growth, employment, productivity, creativity, innovation, entrepreneurship, development policies, and business growth. Full article

Small and micro-businesses often struggle with poor data accuracy due to a lack of dedicated labor force for non-core business functions. The required efforts and costs associated with improving data accuracy, such as setting up and operating an adequate inventory management system, are unpredictable for these businesses. Despite the data-intensive nature of operating specialized software like MES and WMS, the decision to invest in excessive data manipulation can be challenging for micro-entities, even with the potential benefits. This study aims to empirically determine the challenges, risks, and other non-financial decision factors micro-enterprises face when establishing effective data management and utilization practices. A data model was developed based on interviews with 17 small business manufacturers and service companies to support the essential data entry requirements of micro-businesses. The findings support the concept of a SAAS (Software as a Service) product tailored to the needs of these businesses. Furthermore, this research highlights the under-researched areas of logistics processes and data management in small businesses. Full article

This article presents the measurement verification of a novel strategy for inrush current reduction in an unloaded three-phase Dy transformer. The strategy combines appropriate pre-magnetization of transformer cores with an original control switching system using initial phase values of the supply voltage as control variables. Measurements were recorded for primary voltages and currents as well as secondary voltages during transient states at start-up under no-load conditions. Various inrush scenarios were examined across the full angular spectrum of initial phase angles, both polarities, and in regard to different pre-magnetization current values. A detailed analysis of the inrush currents was performed using proprietary automated software based on the recorded data. A comparative study with a nonlinear mathematical model of the transformer was also conducted. Additionally, key technical aspects of the designed system for implementing the proposed pre-magnetization strategy with controlled voltage energization are discussed. Full article

Mental distress-induced imbalances in autonomic nervous system activities adversely affect the electrical stability of the cardiac system, with heart rate variability (HRV) identified as a related indicator. Traditional HRV measurements use electrocardiography (ECG), but impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar has shown potential in HRV measurement, although it is rarely applied to psychological studies. This study aimed to assess early high levels of mental distress using HRV indices obtained using radar through modified signal processing tailored to reduce phase noise and improve positional accuracy. We conducted 120 evaluations on 15 office workers from a software startup, with each 5 min evaluation using both radar and ECG. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores were collected to assess mental distress, with evaluations scoring 7.5 or higher classified as high-mental distress group, while the remainder formed the control group. Evaluations indicating high levels of mental distress showed significantly lower HRV compared to the control group, with radar-derived indices correlating strongly with ECG results. The radar-based analysis demonstrated a significant ability to differentiate high mental distress, supported by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. These findings suggest that IR-UWB radar could be a supportive tool for distinguishing high levels of mental stress, offering clinicians complementary diagnostic insights. Full article

The construction sector is currently undergoing a deep digital transformation resulting from the prioritization of emerging technologies, among which are digital twins. New goals and opportunities are appearing that minimize the impact on a building’s lifecycle, reduce economic, environmental, and extra-social costs, optimize energetic performance, decrease energy consumption and emissions, and enhance the durability and service life of buildings and their components. Among the research activities that have led to the development of a maintenance management model (MMM), this paper deals with the digital-twin approach, considering it instrumental to the innovative governance of the building environment from a lifecycle-based and sustainable perspective. It includes paying attention to efficiency in terms of resource use, energy consumption, and the energy performance of buildings, supporting decarbonization processes, and environmental vulnerability due to natural disasters, extreme weather, and seismic events. Its current implementation is presented here. In this scenario, the authors, operating at BIG srl, an academic spinoff of the Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Italy, working together with the startup Sysdev, based in Torino, Italy, the company Berna Engineering srl, based in Reggio Calabria, Italy, and ACCA Software spa, based in Avellino, Italy, introduce the experimental application of the DT4SEM for safety and well-being in buildings, which is specifically oriented to seismic behavior monitoring. The proposal, while highlighting the innovative character of DT approaches, responds to the need for reliable data for increasingly effective forecasts and the control of the seismic behavior of buildings, facilitating informed decision-making for building management while also optimizing maintenance schedules. Full article

This study proposes an adaptive high-frequency injection method (AHFI) aimed at mitigating common-mode voltage (CMV) on the AC side and alleviating current stress on power semiconductor devices within each arm of a medium-voltage motor propulsion system designed for modular multilevel converters. By adjusting the quantity of high-frequency components injected into each arm according to the fluctuation coefficient, the amplitude of injected high-frequency CMV and circulating currents can be reduced across medium to rated motor speeds. This approach enhances the start-up performance of medium-voltage motor drives while diminishing CMV effects on the motor side, resulting in decreased total harmonic distortion (THD) in the three-phase output waveforms. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the proposed AHFI method in SM voltage regulation and circulating current control under low-frequency operation is thoroughly analyzed. The validity of this method is established through comprehensive mathematical scrutiny and time–domain simulations performed using MATLAB/SIMULINK software (MATLAB version R2021b), along with real-time simulations conducted employing the real-time simulator OPAL/RT via hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS). Full article

Soil security assessments are an important part of the green development of agriculture and animal husbandry. To explore the research progress and development trends in the field of farmlands and grasslands soil security assessments, a bibliometric study was conducted using VOSviewer software to visually analyze 3618 papers from the Web of Science Core database on the topic of “soil security assessment” published from 1979 to 2023. The results revealed the following: (1) Research started in 1979; the number of papers can be divided based on germination, start-up, and rapid development stages. China published the most articles, the Chinese Academy of Sciences had the highest number of publications, and Science of the Total Environment issued the most publications (247). (2) Based on keywords, the research frontier can be divided into a distinct time sequence: the initial exploratory period (1979–2008), wherein relevant research focused on resource development and management; the rapid development period (2009–2015), wherein research focused on sustainable development and efficient farmland use; and the comprehensive development period (2016–2023), wherein research focused on the assessment, measurement, and evolution of cultivated land. (3) Related researches at home and abroad focus on land development and utilization, highlighting the rational development and efficient use of land; the security of industrial and supply chains, underlining risk assessment and promotion strategies; ecological security, emphasizing the ecological security assessments of agricultural production and the water environment; and ecosystem service value, underscoring spatiotemporal evolution and driving factors, evolution mechanisms, value prediction, and compensation strategy. Currently, there is an urgent need to develop soil security assessment models based on regional development, soil biology, spatial metrology, and other parameters, to establish an index system, and to analyze the evolution rules of soil security at different scales and investigate the scale effect of soil quality evaluations. Full article

Considering the SECI model, which emphasizes a modern conception of knowledge management, the main objective of this study is to understand how the socialization, externalization, combination, and internalization (SECI) dimensions can influence innovative behavior within organizations. The quantitative method was adopted, carrying out a descriptive-correlational study in which 247 individuals participated. For data collection, a questionnaire was used. Their analysis was performed using SPSS software. The results show that of the four dimensions of the SECI model, only three have a positive influence on innovative behavior: externalization, combination, and internalization. This study highlights the importance that the SECI model has in understanding knowledge generated by companies/organizations, in particular, startups. It is possible to state that this model is extremely important to understand innovative behavior in startups, but also issues related to entrepreneurship, thus rendering this study into a guiding reference for companies. Full article