272 Results Found

Aging is a major risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA), but the specific mechanisms connecting aging and OA remain unclear. Although chondrocytes rarely divide in adult articular cartilage, they undergo replicative senescence in vitro, offering a model...

Tissue regeneration therapy based on human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) faces the distinct challenge of cellular senescence during massive expansion in vitro. To further explore the regulatory mechanism of cellular senescence in hDPCs, we conduct experi...

Selenoproteins are essential components of antioxidant defense, redox homeostasis, and cell signaling in mammals, where selenium is found in the form of a rare amino acid, selenocysteine. Selenium, which is often limited both in food intake and cell...

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitors capable of self-renewal and differentiation into various cell lineages, making them essential for tissue repair and regenerative medicine. However, their regenerative potential is constrained...

Telomeres with G-rich repetitive DNA and particular proteins as special heterochromatin structures at the termini of eukaryotic chromosomes are tightly maintained to safeguard genetic integrity and functionality. Telomerase as a specialized reverse t...

Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare premature aging disease caused by a mutation in LMNA. A G608G mutation in exon 11 of LMNA is responsible for most HGPS cases, generating a truncated protein called “progerin”. Progerin...

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are becoming increasingly important for biomedical applications, such as cell therapy, disease modeling, and drug screening. At the same time, long-term cultivation, which is necessary to prepare a sufficient amo...

Senescent fibroblasts progressively deteriorate the functional properties of skin tissue. Senescent cells secrete senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factor, which causes the aging of surrounding non-senescent cells and accelerates aging...

The regulated formation and resolution of R-loops is a natural process in physiological gene expression. Defects in R-loop metabolism can lead to DNA replication stress, which is associated with a variety of diseases and, ultimately, with cancer. The...

Rat Sarcoma (RAS)-driven cancers have been one of the main foci in the field of cancer science for over four decades. Despite significant improvement in understanding the biology of RAS oncogene, the method to target RAS-mutated cancers is still uncl...

Alpha-aminoterminal acetyltransferase B (NatB) is a critical enzyme responsible for acetylating the aminoterminal end of proteins, thereby modifying approximately 21% of the proteome. This post-translational modification impacts protein folding, stru...

Anti-aging functional foods benefit the elderly. Telomeres are chromosomal ends that maintain genome stability extended by telomerase catalytic subunit TERT. Due to the end-replication problem, telomeres shorten after each cell cycle without telomera...

Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) are multipotent cells able to self-renew and differentiate, depending on the microenvironment, into adipocytes and osteoblasts. These cells have a limited number of replications and enter replicative sene...

One of the main challenges of current research on aging is to identify the complex epigenetic mechanisms involved in the acquisition of the cellular senescent phenotype. Despite some evidence suggested that epigenetic changes of DNA repetitive elemen...

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are specialized cells in circulating blood, well known for their ability to form new vascular structures. Aging and various ailments such as diabetes, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease make EPCs vulnerable...

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is one of the most common RNA modifications, regulating RNA fate at the posttranscriptional level, and is closely related to cellular senescence. Both models of replicative and premature senescence induced by hydr...

Cellular senescence is characterized by proliferation and migration exhaustion, senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and oxidative stress. Senescent vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contribute to cardiovascular diseases and atheroscl...

The aim of the present study was to provide a comprehensive characterization of whole genome DNA methylation patterns in replicative and ionizing irradiation- or doxorubicin-induced premature senescence, exhaustively exploring epigenetic modification...

Senescence is considered to be a cardinal player in several chronic inflammatory and metabolic pathologies. The two dominant mechanisms of senescence include replicative senescence, predominantly depending on age-induced telomere shortening, and stre...

Replicative senescence has initially been defined as a stress reaction of replication-competent cultured cells in vitro, resulting in an ultimate cell cycle arrest at preserved growth and viability. Classically, it has been linked to critical telomer...

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used as a cell source for cultivated meat production due to their adipose differentiation potential, but MSCs lose their stemness and undergo replicative senescence during expansion in vitro. Autophagy is an impor...

Pulmonary senescence is accelerated by unresolved DNA damage response, underpinning susceptibility to pulmonary fibrosis. Recently it was reported that the SARS-Cov-2 viral infection induces acute pulmonary epithelial senescence followed by fibrosis,...

Senescence is defined as a stress-induced durable cell cycle arrest. We herein revisit the origin of two of these stresses, namely mitochondrial metabolic compromise, associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and replicative senescenc...

Vascular aging is associated with the development of cardiovascular complications, in which endothelial cell senescence (ES) may play a critical role. Nitric oxide (NO) prevents human ES through inhibition of oxidative stress, and inflammatory signal...

Aging, marked by a decline in cellular function and increased risk of diseases, involves the accumulation of senescent cells. This study aims to develop and characterize 3D senescent skin models to understand cellular senescence mechanisms’ imp...

Functional studies of organisms and human models have revealed that epigenetic changes can significantly impact the process of aging. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA), one of epigenetic regulators, plays an important role in modifying the expression of mRNAs a...

Most cancers develop after middle age, and are often associated with multiple mutations and genomic instability, implying that genomic destabilization is critical for age-related tumor development. In this manuscript, we review current knowledge rega...

Cellular senescence is a heterogeneous and dynamic state characterised by stable proliferation arrest, macromolecular damage and metabolic remodelling. Although markers such as SA-β-galactosidase staining, yH2AX foci and p53 activation are widel...

In contrast to the programmed nature of development, it is still a matter of debate whether aging is an adaptive and regulated process, or merely a consequence arising from a stochastic accumulation of harmful events that culminate in a global state...

Nowadays, paracrine regulation is considered as a major tool of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) involvement in tissue repair and renewal in adults. Aging results in alteration of tissue homeostasis including neovascularization. In this study, we examined...

Vascular aging is based on the development of endothelial dysfunction, which is thought to be promoted by senescent cells accumulating in aged tissues and is possibly affected by their environment via inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress. Sene...

DNA replication is essential for cell division. Challenges to the progression of DNA polymerase can result in replication stress, promoting the stalling and ultimately collapse of replication forks. The latter involves the formation of DNA double-str...

Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-based stem cell therapy is a promising therapeutic strategy for vascular diseases. However, continuous in vitro expansion for clinical studies induces the loss of EPC functionality due to aging. In this study, we inv...

Transit amplification (TA), a state of combined, rapid proliferative expansion and differentiation of stem cell-descendants, remains poorly defined at the molecular level. The Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) protein BMI1 has been localized to TA...

Endothelial aging may be induced early in pathological situations. The uremic toxins indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresol (PC) accumulate in the plasma of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, causing accelerated endothelial aging, increased cardiovasc...

Oxidative DNA damage, particularly 8-oxoguanine, represents the most frequent DNA damage in human cells, especially at the telomeric level. The presence of oxidative lesions in the DNA can hinder the replication fork and is able to activate the DNA d...

Recent evidence suggests that fibrotic liver injury in patients with chronic hepatitis C correlates with cellular senescence in damaged liver tissue. However, it is still unclear how senescence can affect replication of the hepatitis C virus (HCV). I...

Activity of β-galactosidase at pH 6 is a classic maker of senescence in cellular biology. Cellular senescence, a state of highly stable cell cycle arrest, is often compared to apoptosis as an intrinsic tumor suppression mechanism. It is also tho...

DNA polymerase eta (Pol η) is a Y-family polymerase and the product of the POLH gene. Autosomal recessive inheritance of POLH mutations is the cause of the xeroderma pigmentosum variant, a cancer predisposition syndrome. This review summarizes mo...

There was an error in representative images of the tube formation in Figure 4b in the original publication [...]

In our previous study, we found that high doses of several substances with antioxidant capacities (Tempol, resveratrol, diphenyleneiodonium) can cause genotoxic stress and induce premature senescence in the human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Here,...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a worryingly increasing cause of malignancy-related mortality, while Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) is going to become its most common cause in the next decade. Understanding the complex und...

Cellular senescence is a hallmark of aging and a promising target for therapeutic approaches. The identification of senescent cells requires multiple biomarkers and complex experimental procedures, resulting in increased variability and reduced sensi...

Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is an ultra-rare multisystem premature aging disorder that leads to early death (mean age of 14.7 years) due to myocardial infarction or stroke. Most cases have a de novo point mutation at position G608G wi...

3,3',4,4',5,5'-Hexahydroxy-trans-stilbene (M8) is a synthetic resveratrol derivative, advertised as a candidate drug highly effective against numerous malignancies. Because multiple tumors prone to M8 frequently metastasize into the peritoneal cavity...

Senescent cells display an increase in the secretion of growth factors, inflammatory cytokines and proteolytic enzymes, termed the “senescence-associated-secretory-phenotype” (SASP), playing a major role in many age-related diseases. The phenolic com...

While mitochondrial bioenergetic deregulation has long been implicated in cellular senescence, its mechanistic involvement remains unclear. By leveraging diverse mitochondria-related gene expression profiles derived from two different cellular senesc...

The widely reported conflicting effects of progestin on breast cancer suggest that the progesterone receptor (PR) has dual functions depending on the cellular context. Cell models that enable PR to fully express anti-tumoral properties are valuable f...

Stem cells serve as a source of cellular material in embryogenesis and postnatal growth and regeneration. This requires significant proliferative potential ensured by sufficient telomere length. Telomere attrition in the stem cells and their niche ce...

Double-stranded breaks (DSB), the most toxic DNA lesions, are either a consequence of cellular metabolism, programmed as in during V(D)J recombination, or induced by anti-tumoral therapies or accidental genotoxic exposure. One origin of DSB sources i...