Search Results (1,375)

Fine-scale site selection of urban parks serves as a core measure to guarantee spatial equity of public service spaces for residents and advance the sustainable development of urban ecological spaces. Among relevant tasks, balancing the supply and demand of green spaces stands out as an essential foundation for maintaining long-term stability of urban human well-being and ecosystems. Green-space supply is defined as the stock of various existing urban parks within the city, while green-space demand is quantified via grids generated based on residential communities in Changsha. Existing research on urban park site selection lacks a full-process coupled framework, fails to accommodate differentiated layout demands for multi-level parks, and struggles to reconcile the sustainable operation and long-term ecological empowerment of urban green-space systems. Taking the main urban area of Changsha as the research scope, this study divides the study area into grid units to analyze the spatial differentiation of green-space accessibility and identify service blind zones. The XGBoost model is adopted to predict areas suitable for green-space construction, and the NSGA-III algorithm is applied to realize collaborative multi-objective optimization covering service efficiency, ecological benefits, and land development costs. The results reveal that the 15-min walking coverage of community parks in central Changsha only reaches 57.29%. Respectively, 34.52% and 41.04% of residential communities record accessibility levels below the municipal average of urban parks and forest parks, with prominent shortages of green-space supply in peripheral urban areas. This study optimizes and screens twenty-eight candidate sites for community parks, twelve candidate sites for urban parks, and eight candidate sites for forest parks. The proposed scheme effectively narrows the gap in green-space accessibility across the whole city and coordinates ecological conservation with land development costs. Compared with research relying on a single model or two-stage coupling frameworks, this paper constructs a systematic workflow spanning supply–demand status assessment to multi-objective layout decision-making, enabling differentiated optimized layout of multi-tiered parks. The integrated framework effectively enhances the spatial resilience and resource utilization efficiency of urban green-space systems, facilitates high-quality and sustainable upgrading of urban living environments, and provides a referable innovative approach for multi-level urban park arrangement and refined multi-objective planning. Full article

Shopping malls have become major retail and lifestyle destinations that influence travel demand, mode choice, traffic congestion, private vehicle dependence, and transport-related environmental impacts. However, research connecting shopping mall visitation with sustainable urban mobility remains fragmented across transport, urban planning, retail, consumer behaviour, and environmental sustainability. This study uses bibliometric analysis to investigate publication patterns, intellectual structures, international collaboration, thematic clusters, and emerging trends in this interdisciplinary field. A total of 567 English-language articles and reviews published between 1 January 2000 and 7 May 2026 were retrieved from Scopus and analysed using descriptive indicators and VOSviewer-based document co-citation, country-level co-authorship, and keyword co-occurrence analyses. The findings indicate that publication activity has grown considerably since 2017, with China emerging as the most productive contributor and as a central hub for international research collaboration. Document co-citation analysis revealed six intellectual clusters related to parking and traffic congestion, online and in-store shopping behaviour, the built environment and land use, consumer value and retail experience, retail attractiveness and sustainable community planning, and retail revitalisation and urban regeneration. The keyword analysis revealed five main themes: urban transport, carbon emission, travel behaviour, shopping mall, and shopping activity. More recently, carbon emissions, sustainable development, online shopping, energy efficiency, and data-driven solutions have attracted increasing research attention. This study synthesises the fragmented knowledge base and suggests future research directions for low-carbon shopping mobility and sustainable access to retail destinations. Full article

Community parks support everyday leisure, exercise, and social interaction, but how multidimensional microscale spatial and visual features are differently associated with these behavior types continues to warrant further investigation. In particular, semantic composition, spatial form, and low-level visual features have rarely been integrated with video-based behavior recognition and nonlinear modeling at the node level. To address this gap, this study examined behavior-specific nonlinear associations between microscale built-environment features and leisure, exercise, and social behavior in community parks. Using 35 observation nodes in five community parks in Dalian, China, 70 paired video and image samples were collected on weekdays and weekends. Environmental indicators were extracted from static images, while behavioral indicators were derived from video-based behavior recognition and aggregated into behavior proportions. Generalized additive mixed models were used to identify nonlinear associations and key response ranges. Leisure behavior was associated with built vertical interfaces, moderate background depth, and controlled visual stimulation. Recreational equipment proportion showed opposite associations with exercise and social behavior. Low-level visual features captured behavioral differences not fully explained by semantic indicators. These findings provide context-specific quantitative evidence for behavior-oriented assessment and node-level design support in community public spaces. Full article

In the context of China’s shift from incremental urban expansion to stock-based regeneration, the adaptive reuse of industrial heritage is no longer limited to physical transformation but increasingly involves spatial reintegration, cultural memory, and public value reconstruction. Taking Tianjin as a case study, this paper introduces Scene Theory into an urban-regeneration framework and combines kernel density analysis, field observation, case comparison, and online public-perception text mining. The study first examines the spatial distribution, accessibility conditions, and renewal typologies of industrial heritage sites in Tianjin. It then uses online comments from Xiaohongshu and Ctrip as supplementary perception data to analyze how different renewal models are experienced in relation to neighborhood environment, material facilities, activities, authenticity, theatricality, and legitimacy. The results show that creative industrial parks, museum-oriented renewal, and commercial renewal differ significantly in spatial location, activity organization, cultural expression, and public recognition. Common problems include uneven accessibility, superficial representation of industrial symbols, excessive consumption orientation, weak continuity of labor memory, limited community participation, and the potential exclusion of local users. Based on these findings, the paper proposes an integrated renewal strategy that emphasizes spatial network repair, authenticity-oriented design, everyday public use, community participation, and inclusive governance. The study provides an analytical framework and practical references for the regeneration of industrial heritage in Tianjin and other post-industrial cities. Full article

Research on industrial location criteria has grown since the first industrial revolution, revealing key factors for choosing sites for industrial parks. However, macro-elements like economy, culture, and technology continuously reshape these criteria. Most existing studies focus on specific factors, indicating a need for a comprehensive synthesis. This study employs systematic literature review (SLR) methodology following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. to analyze scientific information and aim to summarize essential criteria for selecting industrial zones. Following the screening and eligibility assessment process, 182 full-text studies were reviewed, with 60 recent publications emphasized for synthesizing current evidence, complemented by 56 supplementary references to support theoretical and contextual analysis. Findings include: (1) the need for frequent updates to criteria in response to global economic and scientific trends; (2) traditional factors like natural resources, transportation systems, costs, and population density remain significant; and (3) of the identified criteria organized into six main evaluation factors, public health emerged as an important one, especially highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the potential for project failures due to overlooked criteria, regularly reviewing and updating industrial location considerations is essential and can serve as a valuable resource for future research and practice. Full article

Industrial heritage-based cultural and creative parks (IHCCPs) have become an important approach to adaptive reuse and sustainable urban regeneration in post-industrial cities. As the primary interface between the city and the park, entrance spaces play a critical role in shaping visitors’ first impressions, place identity, and cultural perception. Drawing on Cultural Perception Theory, this study investigates the entrance spaces of four representative IHCCPs in China using field surveys, questionnaire surveys, and a modified Importance–Performance Analysis (IPA) framework, in which the conventional importance–performance dimensions are reconceptualized as perception and satisfaction. The results indicate that the case study parks perform well in barrier-free accessibility, entrance image, and material application. Based on the perception–satisfaction analysis, the entrance-space attributes were systematically classified according to their relative strengths and improvement priorities, providing the basis for identifying key optimization directions. Accordingly, a perceptual experience-oriented optimization framework is proposed, comprising four complementary strategies: functional coordination, environmental layering, landmark organization, and cultural translation. By integrating Cultural Perception Theory into an adapted IPA framework for entrance-space evaluation, this study extends existing research and provides a practical framework for the adaptive reuse of industrial heritage and the regeneration of public spaces in comparable post-industrial contexts. Its broader applicability to different geographical and cultural settings warrants further validation through future research. Full article

Park audits can inform neighbourhood-scale urban design strategies that support health. However, interpreting park audit data is time-consuming and requires specialised expertise. Recent advances in large language models suggest potential for assisting with structured data interpretation, but their application to park audits remains unexplored. This study examined whether a large language model (ChatGPT-5) can assist in interpreting park audit data from public parks in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Using a modified park audit tool, 59 parks were audited, of which 26 met the predefined completeness threshold and were included in the analysis. ChatGPT-5 and human experts received identical park audit datasets and instructions for interpretation. Outputs were evaluated using content analysis and a pre-defined scoring framework to assess accuracy and comprehensiveness. Paired t-tests compared ChatGPT-5 outputs with the expert benchmark. ChatGPT-5 showed no statistically significant difference from the expert benchmark in overall accuracy in this sample (p = 0.13). The unadjusted analysis showed a higher recommendation-match count for ChatGPT-5 (p < 0.05), but this result should be interpreted as exploratory because multiple criteria were tested. No statistically significant differences were detected across accuracy domains or other comprehensiveness criteria. These findings suggest that ChatGPT-5 may assist with preliminary interpretation of structured park audit data. However, the results do not establish equivalence with expert assessment. Expert review remains necessary to assess feasibility, contextual relevance, and alignment with local planning standards. Full article

In response to the growing demand for sustainable regeneration and efficient operation of urban spaces, the adoption of digitalised facility management (FM) has emerged as an effective strategy. FM facilitates data-driven planning and optimised resource use, contributing to more sustainable and resilient urban environments. This research combines Building Information Modelling (BIM) with Visual Programming Languages (VPLs) to support the regeneration and optimisation of an urban park. Autodesk Revit is employed to develop an LOD 300 semantic and geometric model, while Dynamo enables the implementation of two parametric scripts: Script A, governing on/off control of monitored systems based on environmental, temporal and contextual conditions, and Script B, providing continuous operational monitoring, fault diagnosis and color-coded visual feedback directly within the BIM environment. The framework is tested at Parco Gioeni, an 8.6-hectare historically and geologically urban park in Italy, across three management systems: irrigation, nebulization and green area monitoring. A total of 28 what-if scenarios are conducted across systems, indicating the framework’s functional consistency and contextual adaptability under the tested conditions. The proposed approach is built on accessible open software tools, making it transferable to public administration contexts, and is designed to be scalable and replicable across different urban green space typologies. Full article

Public-data electric-vehicle charging-station siting needs a screening workflow that can use spatial proxies while keeping demand, grid-capacity, and implementation claims separate from the score. This study develops an interaction-aware Nonlinear Interaction–Einstein Aggregation (NI-EA) framework for Dubai and extends it with source-conditioned robust candidate-set diagnostics. From 7410 admitted candidate/amenity records, 5097 inside-boundary candidates are scored using a candidate-derived activity-density proxy, a charger-coverage-gap proxy, and a grid-access proxy. The analysis compares NI-EA with WSM, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), and Einstein aggregation; reconstructs a 63-scenario interaction/curvature/blending rank matrix; evaluates weighting, road-network, and official-DEWA source sensitivities; and reports necessary and possible top-K candidate sets, family-balanced finite-scenario acceptability, rank-displacement summaries, and bounded spatial-evidence context from official community, transport, parking, DEWA, and OpenStreetMap-derived sources. The baseline leader is S1421/Boonmax, while official-DEWA coordinate-source reconciliation changes the leader to S3473. Across the reconstructed interaction, weighting, road-network, and official-DEWA scenario families, the top-15 necessary core contains 12 candidates, and the top-15 possible envelope contains 18 candidates. Activity-radius and charger-count coverage alternatives are reported separately as proxy-definition sensitivities. TOPSIS has 0/15 top-15 overlap with NI-EA because it favors a different profile with much higher coverage-gap scores but low activity density. The reported output is therefore a source-conditioned planning shortlist and robustness audit, not an observed-demand map, feeder-capacity validation, financial feasibility assessment, or construction recommendation. Full article

Coastal peri-urban parks must simultaneously support ecological restoration, public recreation, cultural continuity, and long-term operation, yet reproducible methods for matching local cultural resources with renewal needs remain limited. Taking Yandao Mountain Park in Qingdao, China, as a case study, this research develops a culture–need matching and scenario-based evaluation framework integrating the Local Cultural Resource Identification Index (LCRI), Renewal Need Index (RNI), Culture–Renewal Need Matching Matrix (CRNM), Public Behaviour Activation Index (PBAI), and Sustainable Renewal Effect Index (SREI). Data were obtained from four field surveys, 318 valid questionnaires, 12 semi-structured interviews, GIS-supported spatial interpretation and Average Nearest Neighbor analysis, AHP weighting, two-round Delphi consultation, and sensitivity analysis. Beer culture, residents’ living memory, mountain–sea landscape imagery, and Liyuan courtyard culture showed strong identification bases, while functional integration, operational improvement, all-age sharing, and ecological restoration were the main renewal needs. CRNM revealed differentiated culture–need relationships that informed spatial translation and functional embedding. Under the proposed renewal scenario, the field-observed PBAI baseline of 0.46 was compared with a Delphi-calibrated scenario estimate of 0.82, while the estimated overall SREI was 0.87. These values indicate scenario-based potential for behavioural activation and sustainable renewal rather than verified post-implementation performance. Full article

With the expansion of urban public spaces and outdoor dining activities, users increasingly demand functional, comfortable, and intelligent outdoor dining facilities, yet traditional design methods rely on subjective manual investigation and struggle to capture real-time user needs. Therefore, this study proposes a product design framework combining online review mining with Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC). User requirements are first extracted from online reviews through text mining and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling. Subsequently, Quality Function Deployment (QFD) maps these requirements to design features to prioritize key features. A mapping mechanism then translates these elements—such as sunshade and rain protection, shared dining experiences, and multifunctional barbecue facilities—into structured AIGC prompts for concept generation. Taking outdoor dining facilities in parks, scenic areas, and commercial outdoor dining spaces as case studies, the results demonstrate that the proposed framework improves the generated design concepts in terms of functional completeness, environmental adaptability, and structural rationality, leading to concept designs that better satisfy user requirements for outdoor dining facilities. The proposed framework provides a user demand-driven approach for systematically transforming user requirements into structured AIGC prompts for the concept design of public facilities. Full article

Rapid urbanization, automobile dependence, and declining public-space quality have increased interest in how street-level environments influence pedestrian activity and urban vitality. Although prior research has focused on macro-scale urban form and individual walking behavior, fewer studies have examined population-level pedestrian activity and micro-scale streetscape characteristics, particularly in socioeconomically segregated Latin American cities. This study explores the relationship between pedestrian activity and street-level built environment characteristics in middle-income neighborhoods of Santiago. The analysis included 514 street segments across seven neighborhoods using a modified Pedestrian Environment Data Scan (PEDS) audit instrument assessing destinations, street functionality, safety, aesthetics, and urban design qualities. Pedestrian activity was measured through repeated pedestrian counts conducted during two observation periods in 2025. Street segments were categorized into low, medium, and high activity levels, and multinomial logistic regression models were applied. Results showed that several micro-scale streetscape characteristics were significantly associated with pedestrian activity. Tree presence, sidewalk width, landmark visibility, and street-name visibility were consistently linked to higher pedestrian activity across both periods. Building height, enclosure, benches, segment monitoring, and on-street parking were also significant in at least one model. These findings highlight the importance of micro-scale urban design in promoting walkable and socially vibrant urban environments. Overall, greener, more legible, and pedestrian-oriented streets were consistently associated with higher levels of pedestrian activity. Full article

Eco-compensation is not only an important supplementary source of funding for ecological conservation in national parks, but also an important mechanism through which ecological beneficiaries share the costs of national park conservation. In the context of the public welfare of national parks, free admission does not imply the absence of responsibility. Therefore, it is essential to strengthen tourists’ awareness of ecological conservation for national park management. Taking Wuyishan National Park as the study area, this study employed a questionnaire survey, distributed 630 questionnaires in total, and obtained 582 valid responses. The contingent valuation method (CVM) and a multiple-bounded dichotomous choice (MBDC) design were used to examine tourists’ willingness to pay (WTP) for eco-compensation and its influencing factors: (1) The tourists’ estimated average WTP for eco-compensation in Wuyishan National Park is approximately ¥451.72, which is higher than the total cost of admission and basic experience activities in the park. It implies that tourists have a relatively high willingness to pay for eco-compensation in the national park. (2) Based on Value–Belief–Norm (VBN) theory, the hierarchical OLS regression results showed that personal norms (β = 0.636, p < 0.01), awareness of consequences (β = 0.259, p < 0.01), and ascription of responsibility (β = 0.277, p < 0.01) were positively associated with lnWTP. The strength of these associations varied across VBN dimensions, with personal norms showing the strongest positive association with tourists’ WTP for eco-compensation. (3) Income differences have a clear effect on WTP. Higher-income tourists reported greater WTP, which was more strongly associated with awareness of consequences and personal norms, whereas lower-income tourists were more responsive to environmental values and ascription of responsibility. This study identifies an association between tourists’ environmental responsibility and willingness to pay for eco-compensation in the context of national park tourism. The findings offer empirical support for policy measures to regulate tourist behavior, enhance national park revenue, and reinforce the public welfare function of national parks. Full article

Metropolitan fringe areas are transitional spaces where urban expansion, industrial relocation, residential spillover, transport infrastructure, and ecological recreation jointly reshape land-use functions. However, urban vitality research has mainly focused on central urban areas, leaving limited evidence on how activity intensity is organized in metropolitan fringe spaces. Taking the Chengdu Metropolitan Area, China, as a case, this study delineates metropolitan fringe areas using POI kernel density analysis and density–distance relationships, calibrated with impervious-surface and remote-sensing evidence, measures village-level relative activity intensity using Baidu heatmap data, and examines nonlinear associations between built-environment variables and urban vitality using LightGBM and SHAP. The results show that vitality across the delineated fringe does not form a uniform core–periphery gradient. Instead, high-vitality units are clustered around industrial parks, residential spillover zones, transport corridors, public-service nodes, and ecological recreation spaces. Population density, nighttime light, gross domestic product, building density, and commercial POI density are the main predictors in both weekday and weekend models. Several variables show nonlinear and saturation-like associations rather than simple linear effects. These findings suggest that higher predicted fringe vitality is more likely to occur where population concentration, development intensity, service provision, transport linkage, and socioeconomic activity coexist, rather than where densification occurs alone. The study extends urban vitality research to metropolitan fringe areas and provides evidence for differentiated land-use planning in urban-rural transition zones. Full article

Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gatti are the two most common pathogenic species of the encapsulated yeast genus Cryptococcus and have been linked to fatal neurologic infections in both immunocompromised and healthy individuals. Cryptococcosis, which includes AIDS-defining diseases such as cryptococcal meningitis and meningoencephalitis, is the most frequent fungal infection of the central nervous system, with Africa having the greatest fatality rate. The goal of this study was to identify and characterize C. neoformans from pigeon and bat droppings, which are thought to be environmental reservoirs for the yeast and to determine their relatedness to clinical species. A total of 588 dried and 55 moist pigeon droppings, as well as 50 moist bat droppings, were collected from 18 sites in Ghana’s Greater Accra and Western regions, from sources which included markets, a church, households, and a public park. Seven clinical archived C. neoformans isolates were also retrieved from the Central Laboratory of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH), Greater Accra. Using conventional methods and partial Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (MLST), 49 Cryptococcus neoformans var grubii were isolated from dried pigeon droppings only, yielding a prevalence of 7%. The sequence type (ST)/MLST group could not be defined based on the available data, although the allele types of the housekeeping genes in some of the isolates were identified. Some clinical strains had allele types that were found among the environmental strains, giving preliminary evidence of possible genetic relatedness, highlighting the need for more comprehensive genomic surveillance approaches, to better characterize environmental and clinical cryptococcal isolate transmission patterns and genetic relationships. This work also adds to the global literature supporting pigeon droppings as favorable ecological niches for Cryptococcus. This study was conducted within a One Health framework, recognizing the interconnected roles of environmental reservoirs, animal-associated sources, and human health in the epidemiology of Cryptococcus infections. Full article