There are more than thousands of concepts for harvesting wave energy, and wave energy converters (WECs) are diverse in operating principles, design geometries and deployment manners, leading to misconvergence in WEC technologies. Among numerous WEC d...
A point absorbing wave energy converter (WEC) is a complicated dynamical system. A semi-submerged buoy drives a power take-off device (PTO), which acts as a linear or non-linear damper of the WEC system. The buoy motion depends on the buoy geometry a...
Even though ocean waves around the world are known to contain high and dense amounts of energy, wave energy harvesters are still not as mature as other forms of renewable energy harvesting devices, especially when it comes to commercialization, mass...
Point absorbers are extensively employed in wave energy conversion. In this work, we studied the point absorber with the buoy of a vertical cylindrical shape. Wave power absorption is obtained through the relative motion between the buoy and an inter...
Sea wave energy is one of the most promising renewable sources, even if relevant technology is not mature enough for the global energy market and is not yet competitive if compared with solar, wind and tidal current devices. Particularly, among the v...
In this paper, a pitch point absorber wave energy converter (WEC) is selected in order to be optimized for the wave characteristics of the Caspian Sea. The optimization process is a multi-objective optimization. For achieving the optimal WEC, mean ab...
The use of renewable energy sources is one of the most relevant goals to be achieved in order to match the climate protection targets. As a case study, the paper shows the current electrical energy production by sources in the Sicilian context. Among...
In this paper, a shape optimization method of a truncated conical point absorber wave energy converter is proposed. This method converts the wave energy absorption efficiency into the matching problem between the wave spectrum of the South China Sea...
An alternating rotatory generator using an eddy current break is developed as a physical scale model of a direct-driven floating point absorber power take-off (PTO) for wave tank tests. It is shown that this design is a simple and cost-effective way...
The wave-energy excitation of point absorbers is highly associated with their resonant movement, and harmonic characteristics are of increasing concern in affecting resonance. However, the commonly used linearized power take-off (PTO) systems underes...
This work presents the Water Energy Point Absorber (WEPA), which is a heaving single-buoy point absorber optimized for a specific site off the west coast of Sardinia Island. The aim of the study is to present the optimization process undertaken to id...
This study proposes a novel point absorber wave energy converter (WEC) utilizing an inertial adjusting mechanism for performance evaluation. A conceptual design is introduced to explain the WEC’s functionality. Adjustable masses are incorporate...
This study investigates the hydrodynamic responses and energy harvesting performance of a hemispherical point-absorber wave energy converter (WEC) in uniform current. A frequency-domain Rankine source method (RSM) is developed to rigorously account f...
Commercial wave energy exploitation will be realised by placing multiple wave energy converters (WECs) in an array configuration. A point-absorber WEC consists of a floating or submerged body to capture wave energy from different wave directions. Thi...
For a heaving point absorber to perform optimally, it has to be designed to resonate to the prevailing ocean wave period. Hence, it is important to make the ocean wave data analysis to be as accurate as possible. In this study, existing wave conditio...
The present work addresses the need for an efficient, versatile, accurate and open-source numerical tool to be used during the design stage of wave energy converters (WECs). The device considered here is the heaving point-absorber developed and teste...
The power take-off (PTO) system is central to wave energy converter (WEC) performance, and therefore control strategies are essential to effectively enhance energy absorption and device response. However, many existing controls often rely on predicti...
To offer point absorber wave energy converters (WECs) as a bankable product on the marine renewable energy market, multiple WECs will be installed together in an array configuration. The wave energy community (research and industrial) has identified...
This paper proposes a super-twisting sliding-mode control (STSMC) strategy to enhance the efficiency and stability of a heaving point absorber wave energy converter (PAWEC) system equipped with a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). In part...
Wave energy converters (WECs) have gained significant attention as a promising renewable energy source. Optimal control strategies, crucial for maximizing energy extraction, have traditionally relied on linear models based on small motion assumptions...
This study focused on optimizing the power generation of a heaving point-absorber wave energy converter (HPA-WEC) by integrating submerged breakwaters. An optimization analysis was conducted based on a framework developed in the authors’ previo...
Wave energy is nowadays one of the most promising renewable energy sources; however, wave energy technology has not reached the fully-commercial stage, yet. One key aspect to achieve this goal is to identify an effective control strategy for each sel...
This paper proposed a test bench device to emulate or simulate the electrical impulses of a wave energy converter (WEC). The objective of the study is to reconstruct under laboratory conditions the dynamics of a WEC in the form of an emulator to asse...
In the present paper, we investigate the feasibility of wave electricity production in Italian seas by the deployment of the Seabased wave energy converter (WEC). A numerical model of the coupled buoy-generator system is presented, which simulates th...
The objective of the present study is to develop and validate a two-way coupling simulation method between viscous fluid and multibody dynamics to estimate the power generation performance of point absorber wave energy converters. For numerical analy...
Efforts by various researchers in recent years to design simple causal control laws that can be applied to WEC devices suggest that these controllers can yield similar levels of energy output as those of more complex non-causal controllers. However,...
Different concepts and methods have been proposed and developed by many researchers to harvest ocean wave energy. In this paper, a new self-adjustable wave energy converter concept is presented, which changes its inertia through ballasting and de-bal...
Wave energy conversion has an essential difference from other renewable energies since the dependence between the devices design and the energy resource is stronger. Dimensioning is therefore considered a key stage when a design project of Wave Energ...
The objective of this work is to identify the maximum absorbed power and optimal buoy geometry of a heaving axisymmetric point absorber for a given cost in different sea states. The cost of the wave energy converter is estimated as proportional to th...
To maximize the generated output power under random waves, the control strategy of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is incorporated in point-absorbing type wave energy converter (WEC) system. However, due to the influence of mutative wave conditio...
This paper is the world’s first to highlight an experimental investigation into the earthquake responses of a steel frame retrofitted by novel metallic bending energy absorbers made of low-yield-point steel with the yield strength of approximat...
In order to design and evaluate the behaviour of a numerically optimised wave energy converter (WEC), a recommended procedure is to initially study small scale models in controlled laboratory conditions and then progress further up until the full-sca...
This study considers the motion responses of heaving point absorbers (HPAs) connected to large semi-submersibles. To analyze the motion responses for HPAs, a motion response amplitude operator (RAO) of a single HPA connected to a fixed wall was obtai...
Marine energy sources represent an attractive and inexhaustible reservoir able to contribute to the fulfillment of the world energy demand in accordance with climate/energy regulatory frameworks. Wave energy converter (WEC) integration into the main...
This paper addresses the control of a Tubular Linear Switched Reluctance Generator (TLSRG) with application in a point absorber device. A maximum power point tracking (MPPT) strategy is proposed to maximize the power extraction from ocean waves. The...
This paper analyses the nonlinear forces on a moored point-absorbing wave energy converter (WEC) in resonance at prototype scale (1:1) and at model scale (1:16). Three simulation types were used: Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS), Euler an...
This paper presents a data-driven model reduction by moment-matching approach to construct control-oriented models for a point absorber device. The methodology chosen and developed generates models which are input-to-state linear, with any nonlinear...
Despite several wave energy converters (WECs) having been developed to present, no particular concept has emerged yet. The existing inventions vary significantly in terms of the operation principle and complexity of WECs. The tethered point absorbers...
Pursuing sustainable energy solutions has prompted researchers to focus on optimizing energy extraction from renewable sources. Control laws that optimize energy extraction require accurate modeling, often resulting in time-varying, nonlinear differe...
Wave energy converters (WECs) have significant potential for renewable energy generation, but early-stage design processes often require lengthy simulations. This study focuses on the pre-design selection of the rated power for a heaving point-absorb...
With recent advances in offshore floating wind and wave energy technology, questions have emerged as to whether the two technologies can be combined to reduce their overall levelised cost of energy. In this paper, the potential for combining a floati...
Long-term energy supplies hinder the application of the low-power unmanned ocean devices to the deep sea. Ocean wave energy is a renewable resource with amount stores of enormous and high density. The wave energy converter (WEC) could be miniaturized...
In this paper we use the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) toolbox OpenFOAM to perform numerical simulations of multiple floating point absorber wave energy converters (WECs) arranged in a geometrical array configuration inside a numerical wave tank...
The development of wave energy converter (WEC) arrays is an effective way to reduce the cost of levelized energy and facilitate the commercialization of WECs. This study proposes a hydraulic power take-off (PTO) system for an array of point absorber...
This paper presents two wave energy concepts for small-scale electricity generation. In the presented case, these concepts are installed on the buoy of a heaving, point-absorbing wave energy converter (WEC) for large scale electricity production. In...
Code multipath is an unmanaged error source in precise global navigation satellite system (GNSS) observation processing that limits GNSS positioning accuracy. A new technique for mitigating multipath by installing a wave-absorbing shield is presented...
Point absorber wave energy converter (WEC) control strategies often require accurate models for maximum energy extraction. While linear models are suitable for small motions, the focus is on the nonlinear model of an hour-glass shaped buoy undergoing...
The power harnessed by wave energy converters (WECs) in oceans is highly variable and, therefore, has a high peak-to-average power (PTAP) ratio. To minimize the cost of a WEC power take off (PTO) system, it is desirable to reduce the PTAP ratio while...
Obtaining electricity from water wave energy using energy converters has a long history, but there are still relatively few commercial devices in the world compared to other solutions using renewable energy. The probable reasons for this state of aff...
Free-floating and submerged wave energy converters (SWECs) are regarded as promising technologies for renewable energy production. These converters rely on a heave-motion buoy to capture the kinetic energy of ocean waves and convert it into electrica...
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