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Keywords = organosilica nanoparticles

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12 pages, 4120 KiB  
Article
Inhibiting Escherichia coli Growth by Optimized Low-Power Microwave Irradiation—Delivery of Ag and Au Nanoparticles
by Yukie Yokota, Nazuna Itabashi, Mari Kawaguchi, Hiroshi Uchida, Nick Serpone and Satoshi Horikoshi
Molecules 2025, 30(9), 1871; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30091871 - 22 Apr 2025
Viewed by 546
Abstract
In a ground-breaking recent study, we unveiled the remarkable cellular uptake of 60 nm ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles by NIH/3T3 mouse skin fibroblasts under microwave irradiation. Even more stimulating is our current demonstration of the potent ability of Ag nanoparticles (147 nm) [...] Read more.
In a ground-breaking recent study, we unveiled the remarkable cellular uptake of 60 nm ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles by NIH/3T3 mouse skin fibroblasts under microwave irradiation. Even more stimulating is our current demonstration of the potent ability of Ag nanoparticles (147 nm) and Au nanoparticles (120 nm) to stifle the growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli—a prokaryote whose cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles), vastly smaller than the NIH/3T3 cells, when exposed to significantly optimized low-power microwave irradiation conditions. Our rigorous assessment of the method’s effectiveness involved scrutinizing the growth rate of E. coli bacteria under diverse conditions involving silver and gold nanoparticles. This indisputably underscores the potential of microwave–nanoparticle interactions in impeding bacterial proliferation. Furthermore, our noteworthy findings on the uptake of fluorescent organosilica nanoparticles by E. coli cells following brief, repeated microwave irradiation highlight the bacteria’s remarkable ability to assimilate extraneous substances. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecules in 2025)
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21 pages, 6661 KiB  
Review
Doxorubicin-Conjugated Nanoparticles for Potential Use as Drug Delivery Systems
by Alua Imantay, Nariman Mashurov, Balnur A. Zhaisanbayeva and Ellina A. Mun
Nanomaterials 2025, 15(2), 133; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15020133 - 17 Jan 2025
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2607
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most widely used chemotherapy drugs in the treatment of both solid and liquid tumors in patients of all age groups. However, it is likely to produce several side effects that include doxorubicin cardiomyopathy. Nanoparticles (NPs) can offer [...] Read more.
Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most widely used chemotherapy drugs in the treatment of both solid and liquid tumors in patients of all age groups. However, it is likely to produce several side effects that include doxorubicin cardiomyopathy. Nanoparticles (NPs) can offer targeted delivery and release of the drug, potentially increasing treatment efficiency and alleviating side effects. This makes them a viable vector for novel drug delivery systems. Currently, DOX is commonly conjugated to NPs by non-covalent conjugation–physical entrapping of the drug using electrostatic interactions, van der Waals forces, or hydrogen bonding. The reported downside of these methods is that they provide a low drug loading capacity and a higher drug leakage possibility. In comparison to this, the covalent conjugation of DOX via amide (typically formed by coupling carboxyl groups on DOX with amine groups on the nanoparticle or a linker, often facilitated by carbodiimide reagents), hydrazone (which results from the reaction between hydrazines and carbonyl groups, offering pH-sensitive cleavage for controlled release), or disulfide bonds (formed through the oxidation of thiol groups and cleavable by intracellular reducing agents such as glutathione) is more promising as it offers greater bonding strength. This review covers the covalent conjugation of DOX to three different types of NPs—metallic, silica/organosilica, and polymeric—including their corresponding release rates and mechanisms. Full article
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16 pages, 5680 KiB  
Article
Mixed-Matrix Organo-Silica–Hydrotalcite Membrane for CO2 Separation Part 1: Synthesis and Analytical Description
by Lucas Bünger, Krassimir Garbev, Angela Ullrich, Peter Stemmermann and Dieter Stapf
Membranes 2024, 14(8), 170; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes14080170 - 6 Aug 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2206
Abstract
Hydrotalcite exhibits the capability to adsorb CO2 at elevated temperatures. High surface area and favorable coating properties are essential to harness its potential for practical applications. Stable alcohol-based dispersions are needed for thin film applications of mixed membranes containing hydrotalcite. Currently, producing [...] Read more.
Hydrotalcite exhibits the capability to adsorb CO2 at elevated temperatures. High surface area and favorable coating properties are essential to harness its potential for practical applications. Stable alcohol-based dispersions are needed for thin film applications of mixed membranes containing hydrotalcite. Currently, producing such dispersions without the need for delamination and dispersing agents is a challenging task. This work introduces, for the first time, a manufacturing approach to overcoming the drawbacks mentioned above. It includes a synthesis of hydrotalcite nanoparticles, followed by agent-free delamination of their layers and final dispersion into alcohol without dispersing agents. Further, the hydrotalcite-derived sorption agent is dispersed in a matrix based on organo-silica gels derived from 1,2-bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane (BTESE). The analytical results indicate that the interconnection between hydrotalcite and BTESE-derived gel occurs via forming a strong hydrogen bonding system between the interlayer species (OH groups, CO32−) of hydrotalcite and oxygen and silanol active gel centers. These findings lay the foundation for applications involving incorporating hydrotalcite-like compounds into silica matrices, ultimately enabling the development of materials with exceptional mass transfer properties. In part 2 of this study, the gas separation performance of the organo-silica and the hydrotalcite-like materials and their combined form will be investigated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Membrane Materials for CO2 Capture and Separation)
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13 pages, 2569 KiB  
Article
The Synthesis and Reactivity of Mesoporous and Surface-Rough Vinyl-Containing ORMOSIL Nanoparticles
by Nathan I. Walton, Eric M. Brozek, Courtney C. Gwinn and Ilya Zharov
Colloids Interfaces 2024, 8(2), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/colloids8020018 - 7 Mar 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2226
Abstract
Silica nanoparticles synthesized solely from organosilanes naturally possess a greater number of organic functionalities than silica nanoparticles surface-modified with organosilanes. We report the synthesis of organically modified silica (ORMOSIL) nanoparticles with a mesoporous and surface-rough morphology and with a high surface area, made [...] Read more.
Silica nanoparticles synthesized solely from organosilanes naturally possess a greater number of organic functionalities than silica nanoparticles surface-modified with organosilanes. We report the synthesis of organically modified silica (ORMOSIL) nanoparticles with a mesoporous and surface-rough morphology and with a high surface area, made solely from vinyltrimethoxy silane. We chemically modified these vinyl silica nanoparticles using bromination and hydroboration, and demonstrated the high accessibility and reactivity of the vinyl groups with an ~85% conversion of the functional groups for the bromination of both particle types, a ~60% conversion of the functional groups for the hydroboration of surface-rough particles and a 90% conversion of the functional groups for the hydroboration of mesoporous particles. We determined that the mesoporous vinyl silica nanoparticles, while having a surface area that lies between the non-porous and surface-rough vinyl silica nanoparticles, provide the greatest accessibility to the vinyl groups for boronation and allow for the incorporating of up to 3.1 × 106 B atoms per particle, making the resulting materials attractive for boron neutron capture therapy. Full article
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14 pages, 8632 KiB  
Article
GSH-Triggered/Photothermal-Enhanced H2S Signaling Molecule Release for Gas Therapy
by Xinqiang Liang, Mekhrdod S. Kurboniyon, Yuanhan Zou, Kezong Luo, Shuhong Fang, Pengle Xia, Shufang Ning, Litu Zhang and Chen Wang
Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(10), 2443; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15102443 - 10 Oct 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1939
Abstract
Traditional treatment methods for tumors are inefficient and have severe side effects. At present, new therapeutic methods such as phototherapy, chemodynamic therapy, and gasodynamic therapy have been innovatively developed. High concentrations of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas exhibit cancer-suppressive effects. Herein, a [...] Read more.
Traditional treatment methods for tumors are inefficient and have severe side effects. At present, new therapeutic methods such as phototherapy, chemodynamic therapy, and gasodynamic therapy have been innovatively developed. High concentrations of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas exhibit cancer-suppressive effects. Herein, a Prussian blue-loaded tetra-sulfide modified dendritic mesoporous organosilica (PB@DMOS) was rationally constructed with glutathione (GSH)-triggered/photothermal-enhanced H2S signaling molecule release properties for gas therapy. The as-synthesized nanoplatform confined PB nanoparticles in the mesoporous structure of organosilica silica due to electrostatic adsorption. In the case of a GSH overexpressed tumor microenvironment, H2S gas was controllably released. And the temperature increases due to the photothermal effects of PB nanoparticles, further enhancing H2S release. At the same time, PB nanoparticles with excellent hydrogen peroxide catalytic performance also amplified the efficiency of tumor therapy. Thus, a collective nanoplatform with gas therapy/photothermal therapy/catalytic therapy functionalities shows potential promise in terms of efficient tumor therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Biologics and Biosimilars)
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16 pages, 35205 KiB  
Article
Dendritic Mesoporous Organosilica Nanoparticles with Photosensitizers for Cell Imaging, siRNA Delivery and Protein Loading
by Haneen Omar, Sara Jakimoska, Julia Guillot, Edreese Alsharaeh, Clarence Charnay, Frédérique Cunin, Aurélie Bessière, Jean-Olivier Durand, Laurence Raehm, Laure Lichon, Mélanie Onofre and Magali Gary-Bobo
Molecules 2023, 28(14), 5335; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28145335 - 11 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2437
Abstract
Dendritic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (DMON) are a new class of biodegradable nanoparticles suitable for biomolecule delivery. We studied the photochemical internalization (PCI) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) of DMON to investigate new ways for DMON to escape from the endosomes-lysosomes and deliver biomolecules into [...] Read more.
Dendritic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (DMON) are a new class of biodegradable nanoparticles suitable for biomolecule delivery. We studied the photochemical internalization (PCI) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) of DMON to investigate new ways for DMON to escape from the endosomes-lysosomes and deliver biomolecules into the cytoplasm of cells. We added photosensitizers in the framework of DMON and found that DMON were loaded with siRNA or FVIII factor protein. We made four formulations with four different photosensitizers. The photosensitizers allowed us to perform imaging of DMON in cancer cells, but the presence of the tetrasulfide bond in the framework of DMON quenched the formation of singlet oxygen. Fortunately, one formulation allowed us to efficiently deliver proapoptotic siRNA in MCF-7 cancer cells leading to 31% of cancer cell death, without irradiation. As for FVIII protein, it was loaded in two formulations with drug-loading capacities (DLC) up to 25%. In conclusion, DMON are versatile nanoparticles capable of loading siRNA and delivering it into cancer cells, and also loading FVIII protein with good DLC. Due to the presence of tetrasulfide, it was not possible to perform PDT or PCI. Full article
(This article belongs to the Collection Porous Materials)
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14 pages, 2685 KiB  
Article
Flexible Humidity Sensor Based on Au Nanoparticles/Organosilica-Containing Polyelectrolyte Composite
by Pi-Guey Su and Chih-Chang Hsu
Chemosensors 2023, 11(5), 291; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11050291 - 13 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2321
Abstract
A novel flexible humidity sensor incorporating gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and a trifunctional organosilica compound has been developed through the integration of sol–gel processing, free radical polymerization, and self-assembly techniques. The trifunctional organosilica was initially synthesized by modifying (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (thiol-MPTMS) with 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate [...] Read more.
A novel flexible humidity sensor incorporating gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and a trifunctional organosilica compound has been developed through the integration of sol–gel processing, free radical polymerization, and self-assembly techniques. The trifunctional organosilica was initially synthesized by modifying (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (thiol-MPTMS) with 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (vinyl-TMSPMA). Subsequently, a hydrophilic polyelectrolyte, [3(methacryloylamino)propyl]trimethyl ammonium chloride (MAPTAC), was grafted onto the MPTMS-TMSPMA gel. The Au NPs were assembled onto the thiol groups present in the MPTMS-TMSPMA-MAPTAC gel network. The compositional and microstructural properties of the Au NPs/MPTMS-TMSPMA-MAPTAC composite film were investigated utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The presence of thiol groups and mesoporous silica skeletons ensured the stability of the humidity-sensing film on the substrate under highly humid conditions, while the hydrophilic groups functioned as humidity-sensitive sites. This innovative humidity sensor demonstrated high sensitivity, acceptable linearity, minimal hysteresis, and rapid response time across a broad range of working humidity levels. Based on the complex impedance spectra analysis, hydronium ions (H3O+) were determined to govern the conductance process of the flexible humidity sensor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Materials for Chemical Sensing)
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12 pages, 2920 KiB  
Article
Mesoporous Organosilica Nanoparticles to Fight Intracellular Staphylococcal Aureus Infections in Macrophages
by Manasi Jambhrunkar, Sajedeh Maghrebi, Divya Doddakyathanahalli, Anthony Wignall, Clive A. Prestidge and Kristen E. Bremmell
Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(4), 1037; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15041037 - 23 Mar 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2086
Abstract
Intracellular bacteria are inaccessible and highly tolerant to antibiotics, hence are a major contributor to the global challenge of antibiotic resistance and recalcitrant clinical infections. This, in tandem with stagnant antibacterial discovery, highlights an unmet need for new delivery technologies to treat intracellular [...] Read more.
Intracellular bacteria are inaccessible and highly tolerant to antibiotics, hence are a major contributor to the global challenge of antibiotic resistance and recalcitrant clinical infections. This, in tandem with stagnant antibacterial discovery, highlights an unmet need for new delivery technologies to treat intracellular infections more effectively. Here, we compare the uptake, delivery, and efficacy of rifampicin (Rif)-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) and organo-modified (ethylene-bridged) MSN (MON) as an antibiotic treatment against small colony variants (SCV) Staphylococcus aureus (SA) in murine macrophages (RAW 264.7). Macrophage uptake of MON was five-fold that of equivalent sized MSN and without significant cytotoxicity on human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293T) or RAW 264.7 cells. MON also facilitated increased Rif loading with sustained release, and seven-fold increased Rif delivery to infected macrophages. The combined effects of increased uptake and intracellular delivery of Rif by MON reduced the colony forming units of intracellular SCV-SA 28 times and 65 times compared to MSN-Rif and non-encapsulated Rif, respectively (at a dose of 5 µg/mL). Conclusively, the organic framework of MON offers significant advantages and opportunities over MSN for the treatment of intracellular infections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Silica-Based Carriers for Drug Delivery)
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11 pages, 2918 KiB  
Communication
Mesoporous Organosilica Nanoparticles with Tetrasulphide Bond to Enhance Plasmid DNA Delivery
by Yue Zhang, He Xian, Ekaterina Strounina, Kimberley S. Gunther, Matthew J. Sweet, Chen Chen, Chengzhong Yu and Yue Wang
Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(3), 1013; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15031013 - 22 Mar 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2623
Abstract
Cellular delivery of plasmid DNA (pDNA) specifically into dendritic cells (DCs) has provoked wide attention in various applications. However, delivery tools that achieve effective pDNA transfection in DCs are rare. Herein, we report that tetrasulphide bridged mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (MONs) have enhanced pDNA [...] Read more.
Cellular delivery of plasmid DNA (pDNA) specifically into dendritic cells (DCs) has provoked wide attention in various applications. However, delivery tools that achieve effective pDNA transfection in DCs are rare. Herein, we report that tetrasulphide bridged mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (MONs) have enhanced pDNA transfection performance in DC cell lines compared to conventional mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). The mechanism of enhanced pDNA delivery efficacy is attributed to the glutathione (GSH) depletion capability of MONs. Reduction of initially high GSH levels in DCs further increases the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORc1) pathway activation, enhancing translation and protein expression. The mechanism was further validated by showing that the increased transfection efficiency was apparent in high GSH cell lines but not in low GSH ones. Our findings may provide a new design principle of nano delivery systems where the pDNA delivery to DCs is important. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Drug Delivery Strategies Based on Porous Materials)
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15 pages, 3574 KiB  
Article
Encapsulation of Volatile Monoterpene Fragrances in Mesoporous Organosilica Nanoparticles and Potential Application in Fruit Preservation
by Yuanjiang Zhao, Tianwen Bai, Yuhang Liu, Yichao Lv, Zhuxian Zhou, Youqing Shen and Liming Jiang
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(1), 104; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13010104 - 25 Dec 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3019
Abstract
In this work, we synthesized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) and periodic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles containing bridging groups of ethylene (E-PMO) and phenylene (P-PMO) and compared their adsorption properties using D-limonene (Lim), myrcene (Myr), and cymene (Cym) as model guest molecules. For the [...] Read more.
In this work, we synthesized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) and periodic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles containing bridging groups of ethylene (E-PMO) and phenylene (P-PMO) and compared their adsorption properties using D-limonene (Lim), myrcene (Myr), and cymene (Cym) as model guest molecules. For the selected nanoparticles of ~100 nm in diameter, the loading capacity to the volatile fragrances was in the order of P-PMO < E-PMO < MSN, consistent with the trend of increasing total pore volume. For example, P-PMO, E-PMO, and MSN had a Lim uptake of 42.2 wt%, 47.3 wt%, and 62.7 wt%, respectively, which was close to their theoretical adsorption capacity. Under isothermal thermogravimetric analysis conditions (30 °C, a N2 flow of 1 mL min−1), the lowest fragrance release of ~56% over 24 h was observed for P-PMO, followed by E-PMO (74–80%), and MSN (~89%). The release kinetics of the fragrant molecules from MSN and PMO materials can be well described by first-order and Weibull models, respectively. Moreover, the incorporation of Lim-loaded P-PMO NPs in an aqueous solution of regenerated silk fibroin provided a composite coating material suitable for perishable fruit preservation. The active layer deposited on fruit peels using dip coating showed good preservation efficacy, enabling the shelf-life of mangoes in a highly humid and hot atmosphere (30–35 °C, 75–85% RH) to be extended to 6 days. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Nanocomposite Materials)
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12 pages, 2141 KiB  
Article
Photosensitivity of Different Nanodiamond–PMO Nanoparticles in Two-Photon-Excited Photodynamic Therapy
by Nicolas Bondon, Denis Durand, Kamel Hadj-Kaddour, Lamiaa M. A. Ali, Rabah Boukherroub, Nadir Bettache, Magali Gary-Bobo, Laurence Raehm, Jean-Olivier Durand, Christophe Nguyen and Clarence Charnay
Life 2022, 12(12), 2044; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12122044 - 7 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2042
Abstract
Background: In addition to their great optical properties, nanodiamonds (NDs) have recently proved useful for two-photon-excited photodynamic therapy (TPE-PDT) applications. Indeed, they are able to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) directly upon two-photon excitation but not with one-photon excitation; Methods: Fluorescent NDs (FNDs) [...] Read more.
Background: In addition to their great optical properties, nanodiamonds (NDs) have recently proved useful for two-photon-excited photodynamic therapy (TPE-PDT) applications. Indeed, they are able to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) directly upon two-photon excitation but not with one-photon excitation; Methods: Fluorescent NDs (FNDs) with a 100 nm diameter and detonation NDs (DNDs) of 30 nm were compared. In order to use the gems for cancer-cell theranostics, they were encapsulated in a bis(triethoxysilyl)ethylene-based (ENE) periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) shell, and the surface of the formed nanoparticles (NPs) was modified by the direct grafting of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and amino groups using PEG-hexyltriethoxysilane and aminoundecyltriethoxysilane during the sol–gel process. The NPs’ phototoxicity and interaction with MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were evaluated afterwards; Results: Transmission electronic microscopy images showed the formation of core–shell NPs. Infrared spectra and zeta-potential measurements confirmed the grafting of PEG and NH2 groups. The encapsulation of the NDs allowed for the imaging of cancer cells with NDs and for the performance of TPE-PDT of MDA-MB-231 cancer cells with significant mortality. Conclusions: Multifunctional ND@PMO core–shell nanosystems were successfully prepared. The NPs demonstrated high biocompatibility and TPE-PDT efficiency in vitro in the cancer cell model. Such systems hold good potential for two-photon-excited PDT applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photodynamic Diagnosis and Therapy)
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17 pages, 3948 KiB  
Article
Degradable Self-Destructive Redox-Responsive System Based on Mesoporous Organosilica Nano-Vehicles for Smart Delivery of Fungicide
by You Liang, Sijin Wang, Yijia Yao, Siwen Yu, Ao Li, Yuanfeng Wang, Jiehui Song and Zhongyang Huo
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(23), 4249; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12234249 - 29 Nov 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2666
Abstract
The development of stimuli-responsive controlled release formulations is a potential method of improving pesticide utilization efficiency and alleviating current pesticide-related environmental pollution. In this study, a self-destruction redox-responsive pesticide delivery system using biodegradable disulfide-bond-bridged mesoporous organosilica (DMON) nanoparticles as the porous carriers and [...] Read more.
The development of stimuli-responsive controlled release formulations is a potential method of improving pesticide utilization efficiency and alleviating current pesticide-related environmental pollution. In this study, a self-destruction redox-responsive pesticide delivery system using biodegradable disulfide-bond-bridged mesoporous organosilica (DMON) nanoparticles as the porous carriers and coordination complexes of gallic acid (GA) and Fe(III) ions as the capping agents were established for controlling prochloraz (PRO) release. The GA–Fe(III) complexes deposited onto the surface of DMON nanoparticles could effectively improve the light stability of prochloraz. Due to the decomposition of GA–Fe(III) complexes, the nano-vehicles had excellent redox-responsive performance under the reducing environments generated by the fungus. The spreadability of PRO@DMON–GA–Fe(III) nanoparticles on the rice leaves was increased due to the hydrogen bonds between GA and rice leaves. Compared with prochloraz emulsifiable concentrate, PRO@DMON–GA–Fe(III) nanoparticles showed better fungicidal activity against Magnaporthe oryzae with a longer duration under the same concentration of prochloraz. More importantly, DMON–GA–Fe(III) nanocarriers did not observe obvious toxicity to the growth of rice seedlings. Considering non-toxic organic solvents and excellent antifungal activity, redox-responsive pesticide controlled release systems with self-destruction properties have great application prospects in the field of plant disease management. Full article
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15 pages, 4308 KiB  
Article
Antioxidant, Enzyme, and H2O2-Triggered Melanoma Targeted Mesoporous Organo-Silica Nanocomposites for Synergistic Cancer Therapy
by Hyung Woo Choi, Jae Hyun Lim, Taewook Kang and Bong Geun Chung
Antioxidants 2022, 11(11), 2137; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11112137 - 28 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2682
Abstract
The multi-stimuli responsive drug delivery system has recently attracted attention in cancer treatments, since it can reduce several side effects and enhance cancer therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we present the intracellular antioxidant (glutathione, GSH), enzyme (hyaluronidase, HAase), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 [...] Read more.
The multi-stimuli responsive drug delivery system has recently attracted attention in cancer treatments, since it can reduce several side effects and enhance cancer therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we present the intracellular antioxidant (glutathione, GSH), enzyme (hyaluronidase, HAase), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) triggered mesoporous organo-silica (MOS) nanocomposites for multi-modal treatments via chemo-, photothermal, and photodynamic cancer therapies. A MOS nanoparticle was synthesized by two-types of precursors, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and bis[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl] tetrasulfide (BTES), providing large-sized mesopores and disulfide bonds cleavable by GSH. Additionally, we introduced a new β-cyclodextrin-hyaluronic acid (CDHA) gatekeeper system, enabling nanocomposites to form the specific interaction with the ferrocene (Fc) molecule, control the drug release by the HAase and H2O2 environment, as well as provide the targeting ability against the CD44-overexpressing melanoma (B16F10) cells. Indocyanine green (ICG) and doxorubicin (Dox) were loaded in the MOS-Fc-CDHA (ID@MOS-Fc-CDHA) nanocomposites, allowing for hyperthermia and cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) under an 808 nm NIR laser irradiation. Therefore, we demonstrated that the ID@MOS-Fc-CDHA nanocomposites were internalized to the B16F10 cells via the CD44 receptor-mediated endocytosis, showing the controlled drug release by GSH, HAase, and H2O2 to enhance the cancer therapeutic efficacy via the synergistic chemo-, photothermal, and photodynamic therapy effect. Full article
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13 pages, 3911 KiB  
Article
Formulation of Bismuth (Bi2O3) and Cerium Oxides (CeO2) Nanosheets for Boosted Visible Light Degradation of Methyl Orange and Methylene Blue Dyes in Water
by Khurram Shahzad, Javier Fernandez-Garcia, Muhammad Imran Khan, Abdallah Shanableh, Naseem Ahmad Khan and Aziz ur Rehman
Catalysts 2022, 12(10), 1197; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12101197 - 8 Oct 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2986
Abstract
Annealing of periodic mesoporous organosilica supported with bismuth (Bi@PMOS) and cerium (Ce@PMOS) nanoparticles was carried out to derive bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) and cerium oxide (CeO2) nanosheets. The hydrothermal sol-gel method was used to synthesize hexagonal Bi@PMOS and [...] Read more.
Annealing of periodic mesoporous organosilica supported with bismuth (Bi@PMOS) and cerium (Ce@PMOS) nanoparticles was carried out to derive bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) and cerium oxide (CeO2) nanosheets. The hydrothermal sol-gel method was used to synthesize hexagonal Bi@PMOS and Ce@PMOS. These PMOS provided an opportunity for bismuth and cerium to retain a hexagonal configuration alongside their traditional crystalline phases (tetragonal and cubic) in Bi2O3 and CeO2 nanosheets. All produced materials were found to be dynamic under sunlight irradiation for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO). However, the Bi2O3 and CeO2 nanosheets showed better potential and photo-catalytic performances than Bi@PMOS and Ce@PMOS due to the presence of the unique blend of crystalline phases. The synthesized Bi@PMOS, Ce@PMOS, Bi2O3, and CeO2 were structurally characterized by FTIR and XRD techniques. These showed characteristic vibrations of successfully loaded bismuth and cerium with hexagonal symmetry. EDX results confirmed the elemental detection of bismuth and cerium, while SEM images revealed the nanosheets in the synthesized materials. The optical response and detection of reactive species were carried out by photoluminescence (PL) and showed emissions at 700 nm. The PL data were also used to calculate band gaps of 3.72, 3.70, 3.35, and 2.88 eV for Ce@PMOS, Bi@PMOS, CeO2, and Bi2O3, respectively. A UV/visible spectrophotometer scanned the photocatalytic competences of the synthesized nanomaterials through the degradation of MB and MO dyes. Then, 10 mg of Bi@PMOS and Ce@PMOS degraded 15 mg and 8.4 mg of MB and 10.8 mg and 8 mg of MO, respectively, in 20 mg/L solutions. However, equivalent quantities of Bi2O3 and CeO2 (10 mg of each) exhibited more efficient photocatalysis of the 20 mg/L solutions of MB and MO, degrading 18.4 mg and 15.4 mg, and 12.4 mg and 17 mg, respectively, in only 1 h. The Bi2O3 and CeO2 photocatalysts were regenerated and their photodegradation results were also recovered. Bi2O3 and CeO2 showed only 10% and 8% (for MB), and 8% and 10% (for MO) decline in catalytic efficiency, respectively, even after four consecutive recycles. These results demonstrate that these materials are dynamic, long-lasting photocatalysts for the rapid degradation of azo dyes in contaminated water. Full article
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19 pages, 5508 KiB  
Article
Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica Nanoparticles for CO2 Adsorption at Standard Temperature and Pressure
by Paul Kirren, Lucile Barka, Saher Rahmani, Nicolas Bondon, Nicolas Donzel, Philippe Trens, Aurélie Bessière, Laurence Raehm, Clarence Charnay and Jean-Olivier Durand
Molecules 2022, 27(13), 4245; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27134245 - 30 Jun 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2522
Abstract
(1) Background: Due to human activities, greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations in the atmosphere are constantly rising, causing the greenhouse effect. Among GHGs, carbon dioxide (CO2) is responsible for about two-thirds of the total energy imbalance which is the origin of the [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Due to human activities, greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations in the atmosphere are constantly rising, causing the greenhouse effect. Among GHGs, carbon dioxide (CO2) is responsible for about two-thirds of the total energy imbalance which is the origin of the increase in the Earth’s temperature. (2) Methods: In this field, we describe the development of periodic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (PMO NPs) used to capture and store CO2 present in the atmosphere. Several types of PMO NP (bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane (BTEE) as matrix, co-condensed with trialkoxysilylated aminopyridine (py) and trialkoxysilylated bipyridine (Etbipy and iPrbipy)) were synthesized by means of the sol-gel procedure, then characterized with different techniques (DLS, TEM, FTIR, BET). A systematic evaluation of CO2 adsorption was carried out at 298 K and 273 K, at low pressure. (3) Results: The best values of CO2 adsorption were obtained with 6% bipyridine: 1.045 mmol·g−1 at 298 K and 2.26 mmol·g−1 at 273 K. (4) Conclusions: The synthetized BTEE/aminopyridine or bipyridine PMO NPs showed significant results and could be promising for carbon capture and storage (CCS) application. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sol-Gel Functional Materials)
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