Canopy reflectance sensors are a viable technology to optimize the fertilization management of crops. In this research, canopy reflectance was measured through a passive sensor to evaluate the effects of either crop features (N fertilization, soil mu...
The problem of detecting moving and stationary people in a room with a specialized radar system sensing through the wall is considered in the paper. The high-range resolution of the system is achieved by effective processing of reflected ultra-wideba...
The intensification of agriculture has greatly enhanced crop productivity, but also its potential environmental impact. Nutrient recycling and an increase in resource use efficiency are the key points to keep production at high levels with minimum im...
Satellite remote sensing provides an effective technical means for the precise extraction of information on aquacultural areas, which is of great significance in realizing the scientific supervision of the aquaculture industry. Existing optical remot...
We present a network of sites across Fennoscandia for optical sampling of vegetation properties relevant for phenology monitoring and satellite data calibration. The network currently consists of five sites, distributed along an N-S gradient through...
The present research work focused on the biosensing capabilities of one-dimensional (1D) defected photonic crystal (PC). This proposed structure is capable of simultaneously discriminating between normal and infected samples containing the platelet,...
Background: The impact of sexual abstinence on sperm quality, particularly in pathological cases, is a subject of debate. We investigated the link between abstinence duration and semen quality in both normal and pathological samples. Methods: We anal...
Indoor direct shear tests under different stress levels were conducted on sandstone–concrete samples to investigate the rock–concrete interfaces’ shear energy evolution features and fracture behaviors under different normal stresses...
Quantitative analysis of bile acids in human feces can potentially help to better understand the influence of the gut microbiome and diet on human health. Feces is a highly heterogeneous sample matrix, mainly consisting of water and indigestible soli...
In detecting large-scale attacks, deep neural networks (DNNs) are an effective approach based on high-quality training data samples. Feature selection and feature extraction are the primary approaches for data quality enhancement for high-accuracy in...
Transcriptomes and proteomes can be normalized with a handful of RNAs or proteins (or their peptides), such as GAPDH, β-actin, RPBMS, and/or GAP43. Even with hundreds of standards, normalization cannot be achieved across different molecular mass...
This paper proposes confidence intervals for a single mean and difference of two means of normal distributions with unknown coefficients of variation (CVs). The generalized confidence interval (GCI) approach and large sample (LS) approach were propos...
We consider high-dimension low-sample-size data taken from the standard multivariate normal distribution under assumption that dimension is a random variable. The second order Chebyshev–Edgeworth expansions for distributions of an angle between...
The accurate quantification of changes in the abundance of proteins is one of the main applications of proteomics. The maintenance of accuracy can be affected by bias and error that can occur at many points in the experimental process, and normalizat...
Data imbalance is a crucial factor that limits the performance of automatic defect recognition systems in castings. The bias and deterioration of the model are generated by massive normal samples and minor defect samples. Traditional re-sampling meth...
Jatropha curcas is a promising renewable feedstock for biodiesel and bio-jet fuel production. To study gene expression in Jatropha in different tissues throughout development and under stress conditions, we examined a total of 11 typical candidate re...
Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common urological malignancy and has a high incidence of recurrence. BC cells alter their nutrient uptake and metabolic pathways in order to continue the production of sufficient levels of ATP and metabolic intermediat...
Second-order Chebyshev–Edgeworth expansions are derived for various statistics from samples with random sample sizes, where the asymptotic laws are scale mixtures of the standard normal or chi-square distributions with scale mixing gamma or inverse e...
In quasispecies diversity studies, the comparison of two samples of varying sizes is a common necessity. However, the sensitivity of certain diversity indices to sample size variations poses a challenge. To address this issue, rarefaction emerges as...
The rheological properties of blood depend highly on the properties of its red blood cells: concentration, membrane elasticity, and aggregation. These properties affect the viscosity of blood as well as its shear thinning behavior. Using an experimen...
In this paper, a piezoelectric tactile sensor for detecting tissue stiffness in robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery (RMIS) is proposed. It can detect the stiffness not only when the probe is normal to the tissue surface, but also when there is...
An experimental study was performed to investigate the effect of subcritical carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption on mechanical properties of shales with different coring directions. Uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) tests were conducted on shale sample...
Background: This pilot study aimed to investigate the relationship between the breast tissue microbiota and breast cancer in Turkish women. We compared cancerous and adjacent normal breast tissues, as well as stool samples, obtained during breast-con...
To determine whether there is a correlation between the concentration of Indian hedgehog (Ihh) in synovial fluid (SF) and the severity of cartilage damage in the human knee joints, the knee cartilages from patients were classified using the Outer-bri...
The a priori procedure (APP) is concerned with determining appropriate sample sizes to ensure that sample statistics to be obtained are likely to be good estimators of corresponding population parameters. Previous researchers have shown how to comput...
In order to investigate the influence of sepiolite minerals on the normal force of magnetorheological grease (MRG), a mixed sample (ALCH) on the basis of preparing an aluminum–lithium-based magnetorheological grease (base sample ALC), containin...
The Total Operating Characteristic (TOC) measures how the ranks of an index variable distinguish between presence and absence in a binary reference variable. Previous methods to generate the TOC required the reference data to derive from a census or...
This case–control study aimed to assess the size and echogenicity of inflamed tonsils using ultrasonography. It was carried out at different hospitals, nurseries, and primary schools in Khartoum state. About 131 Sudanese volunteers between 1 an...
Background: Patient-reported dry eye symptoms (DESs), assessed using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and the Symptom Assessment iN Dry Eye (SANDE) questionnaires, were compared in a large sample of patients. Methods: The correlation (Spearman...
Milk powders produced from similar spray dryers have different visual appearances, while the surface appearance of the powder is a key quality attribute because the smoothness of the milk powder also affects flowability and handling properties. Tradi...
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of growth-related myopathies, i.e., normal, wooden breast (WB), white striping (WS), and the combined lesions of WS and WB (WS + WB), on the molecular response of Caco-2 cells. A total of 24 co...
With regard to technological innovations, we applied chia (oilseeds) as a stabilizer additive in a normal and waxy potato starch sample to obtain stable starch-based gels during 20 days of storage. The aim of this study was to investigate the 5% w/w...
In general, one may have access to a handful of labeled normal and defect datasets. Most unlabeled datasets contain normal samples because the defect samples occurred rarely. Thus, the majority of approaches for anomaly detection are formed as unsupe...
The present study investigates telomere length (TL) in dividing chorionic cytotrophoblast cells from karyotypically normal and abnormal first trimester miscarriages and ongoing pregnancies. Using Q-FISH, we measured relative TLs in the metaphase chro...
Experimental studies were conducted on the changes of the potential differences in different directions during the uniaxial compression on limestone samples parallel and normal to the bedding plane. In the test, electric current was supplied at both...
Information criteria such as the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) are commonly used for model selection. However, the current theory does not support unconventional data, so naive use of these criteria is no...
Timely and accurate Land Cover (LC) information is required for various applications, such as climate change analysis and sustainable development. Although machine learning algorithms are most likely successful in LC mapping tasks, the class imbalanc...
Saliva samples of seventeen soccer players were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance before and after an official match. Two different ways of normalizing data are discussed, using total proteins and total metabolite concentrations. Changes in mark...
Conductivity, as an important index of structural health monitoring, can be used to evaluate heat treatment condition, and sort different materials or measure the stress of mechanical parts. However, the permeability of a measured sample has signific...
This study aimed to investigate collagen (Coll-I, III, IV) and elastin in canine normal prostate and prostate cancer (PC) using Picrosirius red (PSR) and Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Eight normal prostates and 10 PC from formalin-fixed, paraff...
Spaghetti meat (SM) and woody breast (WB) are breast muscle myopathies of broiler chickens, characterized by separation of myofibers and by fibrosis, respectively. This study sought to investigate the transcriptomic profiles of breast muscles affecte...
An understanding regarding impacts of growth-related myopathies, i.e., white striping (WS) and wooden breast (WB), on the quality of dietary protein from cooked chicken breast is still limited. This study aimed at comparing protein content and in vit...
A systematic comparison is presented for the effects of seven different normalization schemes in quantitative urinary metabolomics. Morning spot urine samples were analyzed with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy from a population-based gr...
A Bayesian framework-based approach is proposed for the quantitative validation and calibration of the kriging metamodel established by simulation and experimental training samples of the injection mechanism in squeeze casting. The temperature data u...
To comprehensively evaluate the quality of medicinal and edible Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (ZSS, the dried ripe seeds of Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa) before and after rancidity during storage, some indicators including traditional sensory properties, ph...
The role of gut microbiota in colorectal cancer is subject to extensive research. Before usage of biorepositories for microbiome studies, it is crucial to evaluate technical feasibility of microbiome profiling from various biospecimens. The aim of th...
Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women in terms of prevalence and mortality. Cervical cancer has some particularities that distinguish it from any other oncologic pathology: first, it is completely preventable by...
This article completes our studies on the formal construction of asymptotic approximations for statistics based on a random number of observations. Second order Chebyshev–Edgeworth expansions of asymptotically normally or chi-squared distribute...
In this article, we propose approaches for constructing confidence intervals for the single signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a log-normal distribution and the difference in the SNRs of two log-normal distributions. The performances of all of the approa...
Testing multivariate normality in high-dimensional data analysis has been a long-lasting topic in the area of goodness of fit. Numerous methods for this purpose can be found in the literature. Reviews on different methods given by influential researc...
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