Genetic instability of tumors leads to the appearance of numerous tumor-specific somatic mutations that could potentially result in the production of mutated peptides that are presented on the cell surface by the MHC molecules. Peptides of this kind...
The past few decades have witnessed the remarkable progress of cancer immunotherapy. Neoantigens, also known as tumor-specific antigens, are novel antigens originating from tumor-specific alterations such as genomic mutations, dysregulated RNA splici...
In recent decades, adoptive cell transfer and checkpoint blockade therapies have revolutionized immunotherapeutic approaches to cancer treatment. Advances in whole exome/genome sequencing and bioinformatic detection of tumour-specific genetic variati...
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common type of pancreatic cancer and is currently the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States after lung and colon cancer. PDAC is estimated to be the second leading cause o...
The clinical benefits of immune checkpoint blockage (ICB) therapy have been widely reported. In patients with cancer, researchers have demonstrated the clinical potential of antitumor cytotoxic T cells that can be reinvigorated or enhanced by ICB. Co...
As one of the most prevalent forms of cancer worldwide, breast cancer has garnered significant attention within the clinical research setting. While traditional treatment employs a multidisciplinary approach including a variety of therapies such as c...
Multiple myeloma (MM) is malignant disease characterized by the clonal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow, leading to anemia, immunosuppression, and other symptoms, that is generally hard to treat. In MM, the immune system is likely exp...
The success of checkpoint blockade therapy against cancer has unequivocally shown that cancer cells can be effectively recognized by the immune system and eliminated. However, the identity of the cancer antigens that elicit protective immunity remain...
Personalized neoantigen-based cancer vaccines have been shown to be safe and immunogenic in cancer patients; however, the manufacturing process can be costly and bring about delays in treatment. Using off-the-shelf cancer vaccines targeting shared ne...
Neoantigens are tumor-specific antigens able to induce T-cell responses, generated by mutations in protein-coding regions of expressed genes. Previous studies demonstrated that only a limited subset of mutations generates neoantigens in microsatellit...
Neoantigens, presented as peptides on the surfaces of cancer cells, have recently been proposed as optimal targets for immunotherapy in clinical practice. The promising outcomes of neoantigen-based cancer vaccines have inspired enthusiasm for their b...
To develop combination immunotherapies for gastric cancers, immunologically well-characterized preclinical models are crucial. Here, we leveraged two transplantable murine gastric cancer cell lines, YTN2 and YTN16, derived from the same parental line...
In the last few years, the importance of neoantigens in the development of personalized antitumor vaccines has increased remarkably. In order to study whether bioinformatic tools are effective in detecting neoantigens that generate an immune response...
Cancer immunotherapy has achieved multiple clinical benefits and has become an indispensable component of cancer treatment. Targeting tumor-specific antigens, also known as neoantigens, plays a crucial role in cancer immunotherapy. T cells of adaptiv...
In the past decade, anti-tumour immune responses have been successfully exploited to improve the outcome of patients with different cancers. Significant progress has been made in taking advantage of different types of T cell functions for therapeutic...
Colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most common cancer worldwide, is one of the deadliest cancers. CRC is known as a cold tumor, characterized by a low immune response that makes it difficult for immune cells to infiltrate and exhibits strong resistan...
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), one of the deadliest gastrointestinal cancers, has had limited effective therapeutic strategies up to now. Accumulating evidence suggests that effective immunotherapy in cancer patients has been associated w...
Background: A consistent correlation between tumor mutation burden (TMB) and tumor immune microenvironment has not been observed in gliomas as in other cancers. Methods: Driver germline and somatic mutations, TMB, neoantigen, and immune cell signatur...
Recombinant antibodies and, more recently, T cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T cell therapies represent two immunological strategies that have come to the forefront of clinical interest for targeting intracellular neoantigens in benign and malignant d...
Neoantigens derived from tumor-specific genetic mutations might be suitable targets for cancer immunotherapy because of their high immunogenicity. In the current study, we evaluated the immunogenicity of 10 driver mutations that are frequently expres...
Cancer immunotherapies are treatments that use drugs or cells to activate patients’ own immune systems against cancer cells. Among them, cancer vaccines have recently been rapidly developed. Based on tumor-specific antigens referred to as neoantigens...
Personalized cancer vaccines have emerged as a promising avenue for cancer treatment or prevention strategies. This approach targets the specific genetic alterations in individual patient’s tumors, offering a more personalized and effective tre...
Tumor neoantigens are widely used in cancer immunotherapy, and a growing body of research suggests that microbes play an important role in these neoantigen-based immunotherapeutic processes. The human body and its surrounding environment are filled w...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most prevalent form of primary liver cancer, presents significant therapeutic challenges due to its molecular complexity, late-stage diagnosis, and inherent resistance to conventional treatments. The intermediate t...
The interest in therapeutic cancer vaccines has caught enormous attention in recent years due to several breakthroughs in cancer research, among which the finding that successful checkpoint blockade treatments reinvigorate neo-antigen-specific T cell...
Neoantigens are derived from tumor-specific somatic mutations. Neoantigen-based synthesized peptides have been under clinical investigation to boost cancer immunotherapy efficacy. The promising results prompt us to further elucidate the effect of neo...
The development of a neoantigen-based personalized vaccine has promise in the hunt for cancer immunotherapy. The challenge in neoantigen vaccine design is the need to rapidly and accurately identify, in patients, those neoantigens with vaccine potent...
Alternatives to conventional cancer treatments are highly sought after for high-risk malignancies that have a poor response to established treatment modalities. With research advancing rapidly in the past decade, neoantigen-based immunotherapeutic ap...
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment paradigm for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its efficacy varies significantly with each patient’s genetic composition and the complex interactions with their microbiome, both of which are...
Personalized neoantigen vaccines are a highly specific cancer treatment designed to induce a robust cytotoxic T-cell attack against a patient’s cancer antigens. In this study, we searched ClinicalTrials.gov for neoantigen vaccine clinical trial...
Immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint blockades, play a critically important role in cancer treatments. For immunotherapies, neoantigens, which are generated by somatic mutations in cancer cells, are thought to be good targets due to their tum...
Lung cancer ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors, characterized by delayed diagnosis, limited treatment efficacy, and generally poor prognosis. Consequently, there is an urgent demand for effective treatments. Neoantigen-based immunotherap...
The presentation of neoantigens on the cell membrane is the foundation for most cancer immunotherapies. Due to their extremely low abundance, analyzing neoantigens in clinical samples is technically difficult, hindering the development of neoantigen-...
Lynch syndrome (LS) and constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) are hereditary disorders characterised by a highly increased risk of cancer development. This is due to germline aberrations in the mismatch repair (MMR) genes, which results i...
Background: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with many patients responding poorly to immunotherapy due to limited tumor recognition. Neoantigen-based strategies offer a promising solution, but current discovery metho...
Clonal mutations represent the initiating molecular defects related to cellular transition of a normal phenotype to a malignant phenotype. Molecular genomic assessment utilizing next generation and whole exome sequencing is now being increasingly app...
Tumor vaccines have been considered a promising therapeutic approach for treating cancer in recent years. With the development of sequencing technologies, tumor vaccines based on neoantigens or genomes specifically expressed in tumor cells, mainly in...
Patients with metastatic cutaneous melanoma have experienced significant clinical responses after checkpoint blockade immunotherapy or adoptive cell therapy. Neoantigens are mutated proteins that arise from tumor-specific mutations. It is hypothesize...
Background/Objectives: During cancer development, tumor cells accumulate somatic mutations, which could generate tumor-specific neoantigens. The aberrant protein can be recognized by the immune system as no-self, triggering an immune response against...
Autophagy constitutes a well-known homeostatic and catabolic process that is responsible for degradation and recycling of cellular components. It is a key regulatory mechanism for several cellular functions, whereas its dysregulation is associated wi...
The discovery of tumor-derived neoantigens which elicit an immune response through major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I/II) binding has led to significant advancements in immunotherapy. While many neoantigens have been discovered through the ident...
A proteogenomics-based neoantigen prediction pipeline, namely ProGeo-neo, was previously developed by our team to predict neoantigens, allowing the identification of class-I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) binding peptides based on single-nucl...
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive subtypes of breast cancer (BC), comprising approximately 20% of newly diagnosed BC cases. The poor prognosis, high recurrence rates, and inefficacy of hormone-based therapies make TNB...
Cancer genome instability leads to accumulation of mutations which may result into tumor-specific mutated “neoantigens”, not be affected by central T-cell tolerance. Such neoantigens are considered the optimal target for the patient&rsquo...
Background/Objectives: Neoantigens have attracted attention as ideal therapeutic targets for anti-tumour immunotherapy because the T cells that respond to neoantigens are not affected by central immune tolerance. Recent findings have revealed that th...
Targeting mutation-derived neoantigens is a promising strategy for personalized immunotherapies. However, identifying true neoantigens and cognate T cell receptors (TCRs) remains challenging because computational prediction of neoantigen peptides is...
Ectopic expression of human leukocyte antigen class II (HLA-II) on tumor cells correlates with anti-tumor immunity and prognosis in various cancers, but its role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. Methods: HLA-II expression...
Personalized cancer vaccines are a promising immunotherapy targeting patient-specific tumor neoantigens, yet their design and efficacy remain challenging. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) provide powerful tools to enhance multiple stag...
This study builds upon the groundbreaking mRNA vaccine Nobel Prize win in 2023 for COVID-19 prevention, paving the way for next-generation mRNA cancer vaccines to revolutionize immunotherapy. Despite the existing challenges, such as the presence of a...
Stage III–IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a devastating disease characterized by a poor prognosis. NSCLC tumors carry genetic mutations, which can lead to the expression of altered protein sequences. Peptides originating from mutated p...
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