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Keywords = metallamacrocycle

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10 pages, 1543 KiB  
Article
Synthesis, Structural Characterization, EPR Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of a Copper(II) Thiocyanate Complex Based on 3,7-Di(3-pyridyl)-1,5-dioxa-3,7-diazacyclooctane
by Wei Qian, Zibo Wang, Jingfeng Xia, Hongxia Wang, Shuling Dong, Shuai Lou, Ping Ding and Li Li
Symmetry 2025, 17(5), 791; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17050791 - 20 May 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 411
Abstract
The reaction of bipyridine 3,7-di(3-pyridyl)-1,5-dioxa-3,7-diazacyclooctane (L) with copper thiocyanate produces a discrete metallamacrocycle [Cu(L)(SCN)2(DMF)]2 (1). In complex 1, two cis-coordinated ligands combine with two copper ions to form an unabridged 24-membered macrocycle. Each copper ion is five-coordinated [...] Read more.
The reaction of bipyridine 3,7-di(3-pyridyl)-1,5-dioxa-3,7-diazacyclooctane (L) with copper thiocyanate produces a discrete metallamacrocycle [Cu(L)(SCN)2(DMF)]2 (1). In complex 1, two cis-coordinated ligands combine with two copper ions to form an unabridged 24-membered macrocycle. Each copper ion is five-coordinated with two nitrogens from separate ligands, two nitrogens from thiocyanates and one oxygen from the dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent. Complex 1 has been characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, optical and thermal analyses and antimicrobial activity measurements. The solid electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis of complex 1 yielded a characteristic structural g factor value of 2.147. In addition, the thermal analysis established that the complex is thermally stable at up to 176 °C. The antimicrobial activity measurements demonstrated that both the ligand and complex 1 exhibit an inhibitory effect on two strains, where the complex exhibits a significantly greater inhibition relative to that of the free ligand (p < 0.05). Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Chemistry: Symmetry/Asymmetry)
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20 pages, 3445 KiB  
Article
Tetraruthenium Macrocycles with Laterally Extended Bis(alkenyl)quinoxaline Ligands and Their F4TCNQ•− Salts
by Rajorshi Das, Michael Linseis, Laura Senft, Ivana Ivanović-Burmazović and Rainer F. Winter
Inorganics 2022, 10(6), 82; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics10060082 - 14 Jun 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2509
Abstract
We report on the tetraruthenium macrocycles Ru4-5 and -6 with a π-conjugated pyrene-appended 5,8-divinylquinoxaline ligand and either isophthalate or thiophenyl-2,5-dicarboxylate linkers and their charge-transfer salts formed by oxidation with two equivalents of F4TCNQ. Both macrocyclic complexes were characterized by [...] Read more.
We report on the tetraruthenium macrocycles Ru4-5 and -6 with a π-conjugated pyrene-appended 5,8-divinylquinoxaline ligand and either isophthalate or thiophenyl-2,5-dicarboxylate linkers and their charge-transfer salts formed by oxidation with two equivalents of F4TCNQ. Both macrocyclic complexes were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, cyclic and square-wave voltammetry, and by IR, UV–vis–NIR, and EPR spectroscopy in their various oxidation states. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metallamacrocycles and Metallacages: Foundations and Applications)
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25 pages, 7030 KiB  
Article
A “Pretender” Croconate-Bridged Macrocyclic Tetraruthenium Complex: Sizable Redox Potential Splittings despite Electronically Insulated Divinylphenylene Diruthenium Entities
by Nils Rotthowe, Michael Linseis, Lars Vogelsang, Nicole Orth, Ivana Ivanović-Burmazović and Rainer F. Winter
Molecules 2021, 26(17), 5232; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26175232 - 29 Aug 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3515
Abstract
Careful optimization of the reaction conditions provided access to the particularly small tetraruthenium macrocycle 2Ru2Ph-Croc, which is composed out of two redox-active divinylphenylene-bridged diruthenium entities {Ru}-1,4-CH=CH-C6H4-CH=CH-{Ru} (Ru2Ph; {Ru} = Ru(CO)Cl(PiPr3 [...] Read more.
Careful optimization of the reaction conditions provided access to the particularly small tetraruthenium macrocycle 2Ru2Ph-Croc, which is composed out of two redox-active divinylphenylene-bridged diruthenium entities {Ru}-1,4-CH=CH-C6H4-CH=CH-{Ru} (Ru2Ph; {Ru} = Ru(CO)Cl(PiPr3)2) and two likewise redox-active and potentially non-innocent croconate linkers. According to single X-ray diffraction analysis, the central cavity of 2Ru2Ph-Croc is shielded by the bulky PiPr3 ligands, which come into close contact. Cyclic voltammetry revealed two pairs of split anodic waves in the weakly ion pairing CH2Cl2/NBu4BArF24 (BArF24 = [B{C6H3(CF3)2-3,5}4]− electrolyte, while the third and fourth waves fall together in CH2Cl2/NBu4PF6. The various oxidized forms were electrogenerated and scrutinized by IR and UV/Vis/NIR spectroscopy. This allowed us to assign the individual oxidations to the metal-organic Ru2Ph entities within 2Ru2Ph-Croc, while the croconate ligands remain largely uninvolved. The lack of specific NIR bands that could be assigned to intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) in the mono- and trications indicates that these mixed-valent species are strictly charge-localized. 2Ru2Ph-Croc is hence an exemplary case, where stepwise IR band shifts and quite sizable redox splittings between consecutive one-electron oxidations would, on first sight, point to electronic coupling, but are exclusively due to electrostatic and inductive effects. This makes 2Ru2Ph-Croc a true “pretender”. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Supramolecular Organometallic Chemistry)
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11 pages, 3777 KiB  
Article
Self-Assembly by Tridentate or Bidentate Ligand: Synthesis and Vapor Adsorption Properties of Cu(II), Zn(II), Hg(II) and Cd(II) Complexes Derived from a Bis(pyridylhydrazone) Compound
by Hong-Juan Liu, Rui Yi, Dong-Mei Chen, Chao Huang and Bi-Xue Zhu
Molecules 2021, 26(1), 109; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010109 - 29 Dec 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2842
Abstract
Four complexes, [Cu4L2(OCH3)2(CH3OH)2]·2H2O (1), [Zn2L2Cl4]·2H2O·2CH3OH (2), [Hg2L2Br4]·4CH3OH [...] Read more.
Four complexes, [Cu4L2(OCH3)2(CH3OH)2]·2H2O (1), [Zn2L2Cl4]·2H2O·2CH3OH (2), [Hg2L2Br4]·4CH3OH (3), and {[CdL2Cl2]·4H2O·4CH3OH}n (4), have been synthesized and characterized from a bis(pyridylhydrazone) ligand (L) with copper(II), zinc(II), mercury(II) or cadmium(II), respectively. Complex 1 exists as a centrosymmetric tetranuclear dimer with L as deprotonated tridentate ligand. Complexes 2 and 3 exist as centrosymmetric metallamacrocycles with L as bidentate ligand. Complex 4 exists as a 1D looped-chain coordination polymer. The thermal stabilities and vapor adsorption properties of the four complexes were investigated as well. Full article
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16 pages, 2821 KiB  
Article
Water-Soluble Bismuth(III) Polynuclear Tyrosinehydroximate Metallamacrocyclic Complex: Structural Parallels to Lanthanide Metallacrowns
by Marina A. Katkova, Grigory Y. Zhigulin, Roman V. Rumyantcev, Galina S. Zabrodina, Vladimir R. Shayapov, Maxim N. Sokolov and Sergey Y. Ketkov
Molecules 2020, 25(19), 4379; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25194379 - 23 Sep 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3573
Abstract
Recently there has been a great deal of interest and associated research into aspects of the coordination chemistry of lanthanides and bismuth—elements that show intriguing common features. This work focuses on the synthesis and characterization of a novel bismuth(III) polynuclear metallamacrocyclic complex derived [...] Read more.
Recently there has been a great deal of interest and associated research into aspects of the coordination chemistry of lanthanides and bismuth—elements that show intriguing common features. This work focuses on the synthesis and characterization of a novel bismuth(III) polynuclear metallamacrocyclic complex derived from aminohydroxamic acid, in order to compare the coordination ability of Bi3+ with the similarly sized La3+ ions. A polynuclear tyrosinehydroximate Bi(OH)[15-MCCu(II)Tyrha-5](NO3)2 (1) was obtained according to the synthetic routes previously described for water-soluble Ln(III)-Cu(II) 15-MC-5 metallacrowns. Correlations between structural parameters of Bi(III) and Ln(III) complexes were analyzed. DFT calculations confirmed the similarity between molecular structures of the model bismuth(III) and lanthanum(III) tyrosinehydroximate 15-metallacrowns-5. Analysis of the electronic structures revealed, however, stronger donor-acceptor interactions between the central ion and the metallamacrocycle in the case of the lanthanum analogue. Thermochromic properties of 1 were studied. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Modern Inorganic Chemistry)
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11 pages, 2888 KiB  
Article
Formation of Unsymmetrical Trinuclear Metallamacrocycles Based on Two Different Cone Calix[4]arene Macrocyclic Rings
by Mariia V. Kniazeva, Alexander S. Ovsyannikov, Daut R. Islamov, Aida I. Samigullina, Aidar T. Gubaidullin, Svetlana E. Solovieva, Igor S. Antipin and Sylvie Ferlay
Crystals 2020, 10(5), 364; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst10050364 - 1 May 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3035
Abstract
A combination of tetrasulfonylcalix[4]arene (3-4H) together with a calix[4]arene dicarboxylate derivative 2-4H led, in the presence of MII(NO3)2 (M = Co, Ni, Zn), to the formation of three novel isostructural metallomacrocycles of formula [M3 [...] Read more.
A combination of tetrasulfonylcalix[4]arene (3-4H) together with a calix[4]arene dicarboxylate derivative 2-4H led, in the presence of MII(NO3)2 (M = Co, Ni, Zn), to the formation of three novel isostructural metallomacrocycles of formula [M3(DMF)2(μ3-H2O)-(2-2H)-3]. The structure of the prepared coordination compounds was studied in the solid state using single crystal/powder X-ray diffraction studies. The X-ray diffraction on single crystal revealed that the structure of the obtained supramolecular complexes is composed of a trinuclear metallic cluster [M3]+6 held between one di-deprotonated molecule of (2-2H)2− offering two carboxylate groups for binding metal cations and one tetra-deprotonated compound 34−, where four oxygen atoms, belonging to four deprotonated phenolic moieties and three oxygen atoms coming from three SO2 groups, are coordinated with the cluster core. Thus, an example of an easily reproducible molecular recognition pattern involving two different types of calix[4]arene based ligands, displaying different coordination moieties, and trinuclear metallic clusters, is reported here. In addition, it has been shown that the cone moieties of the calixarene also encapsulate solvent molecules. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis, Crystal Structures and Hirshfeld Surface Analysis of Coordination Compounds)
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21 pages, 5186 KiB  
Article
Tetraruthenium Metallamacrocycles with Potentially Coordinating Appended Functionalities
by Patrick Anders, Mario Robin Rapp, Michael Linseis and Rainer F. Winter
Inorganics 2018, 6(3), 73; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics6030073 - 24 Jul 2018
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4449
Abstract
We present four new tetraruthenium macrocycles built from two 1,4-divinylphenylene diruthenium and two isophthalic acid building blocks with peripheral, potentially mono- or tridentate donor functions attached to the isophthalic linkers. These macrocycles are characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and, in the [...] Read more.
We present four new tetraruthenium macrocycles built from two 1,4-divinylphenylene diruthenium and two isophthalic acid building blocks with peripheral, potentially mono- or tridentate donor functions attached to the isophthalic linkers. These macrocycles are characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and, in the case of the thioacetyl-appended complex 4, by X-ray crystallography. Cyclic and square wave voltammetry establish that the macrocycles can be oxidized in four consecutive redox steps that come as two pairs of two closely spaced one-electron waves. Spectroscopic changes observed during IR and UV/Vis/NIR spectroelectrochemical experiments (NIR = near infrared) show that the isophthalate linkers insulate the electroactive divinylphenylene diruthenium moieties against each other. The macrocycles exhibit nevertheless pronounced polyelectrochromism with highly intense absorptions in the Vis (2+/4+ states) and the NIR (2+ states) with extinction coefficients of up to >100,000 M−1·cm−1. The strong absorptivity enhancement with respect to the individual divinylphenylene diruthenium building blocks is attributed to conformational restrictions imposed by the macrocycle backbone. Moreover, the di- and tetracations of these macrocycles are paramagnetic as revealed by EPR spectroscopy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organometallic Macrocycles and Their Applications)
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10 pages, 2563 KiB  
Communication
A M2L2 Redox-Active Metalla-Macrocycle Based on Electron-Rich 9-(1,3-Dithiol-2-ylidene)Fluorene
by Serhii Krykun, Magali Allain, Vincent Carré, Frédéric Aubriet, Zoia Voitenko, Sébastien Goeb and Marc Sallé
Inorganics 2018, 6(2), 44; https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics6020044 - 3 May 2018
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4521
Abstract
A redox-active M2L2 metalla-macrocycle is depicted, of which construction has been achieved through coordination driven self-assembly from an electron-rich 9-(1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)fluorene bis-pyridyl ligand and a cis-blocked square planar palladium complex (Pd(dppf)OTf2, dppf = 1,1′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene). The resulting metalla-macrocycle has [...] Read more.
A redox-active M2L2 metalla-macrocycle is depicted, of which construction has been achieved through coordination driven self-assembly from an electron-rich 9-(1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)fluorene bis-pyridyl ligand and a cis-blocked square planar palladium complex (Pd(dppf)OTf2, dppf = 1,1′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene). The resulting metalla-macrocycle has been fully characterized in solution, as well as in the solid state (X-ray crystal structure). Its electronic properties show that both constitutive ligands can be oxidized independently through a one-electron process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Redox-Active Ligand in Coordination Chemistry)
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17 pages, 1483 KiB  
Article
Novel Topologies in Vanadium-bis-β-Diketone Chemistry: A [V4] and a [V6] Metallacyclophane
by Ivana Borilovic, Olivier Roubeau, Irene Fernández Vidal, Simon J. Teat and Guillem Aromí
Magnetochemistry 2015, 1(1), 45-61; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry1010045 - 2 Dec 2015
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5508
Abstract
Exploring the chemistry of vanadyl ions (VO2+) with bis-β-diketone ligands, in pyridine reactions of vanadyl sulfate with 1,3-bis-(3-oxo-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-propionyl)-benzene (H4L1) and 1,3-bis-(3-oxo-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-propionyl)-pyridine (H4L2), two novel clusters, [(VIVO)4(H2L1) [...] Read more.
Exploring the chemistry of vanadyl ions (VO2+) with bis-β-diketone ligands, in pyridine reactions of vanadyl sulfate with 1,3-bis-(3-oxo-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-propionyl)-benzene (H4L1) and 1,3-bis-(3-oxo-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-propionyl)-pyridine (H4L2), two novel clusters, [(VIVO)4(H2L1)4(py)4] (1) and [(VVO)4(VIVO)2 (O)4(L2)2(py)6] (2) were prepared and characterized. Due to the conformational flexibility of the ligands, both entities exhibit very peculiar metal topologies and composition, differing significantly from structural patterns established in the related chemistry of divalent 3d metals. Structural analysis also unveils the existence of the most complex metallamacrocycles from this family to date. Studies of the magnetic properties via bulk magnetization measurements and EPR spectroscopy confirmed the existence of uncoupled long-distant S = 1/2 metal centers and the spin ground states S = 2 and S = 1 of the clusters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetochemistry: From Fundamentals to Applications)
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49 pages, 2704 KiB  
Review
Structural Diversity of Metallosupramolecular Assemblies Based on the Bent Bridging Ligand 4,4′-Dithiodipyridine
by Rüdiger W. Seidel, Richard Goddard and Iris M. Oppel
Polymers 2013, 5(2), 527-575; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym5020527 - 21 May 2013
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 9159
Abstract
4,4′-Dithiodipyridine (dtdp), also termed 4,4′-dipyridyldisulfide, is a bridging ligand of the 4,4′-bipyridine type. The introduction of the disulfide moiety inevitably leads to a relatively rigid angular structure, which exhibits axial chirality. More than 90 metal complexes containing the dtdp ligand have [...] Read more.
4,4′-Dithiodipyridine (dtdp), also termed 4,4′-dipyridyldisulfide, is a bridging ligand of the 4,4′-bipyridine type. The introduction of the disulfide moiety inevitably leads to a relatively rigid angular structure, which exhibits axial chirality. More than 90 metal complexes containing the dtdp ligand have been crystallographically characterised until now. This review focuses on the preparation and structural diversity of discrete and polymeric metallosupramolecular assemblies constructed from dtdp as bridging ligands. These encompass metallamacrocycles with M2L2 topology and coordination polymers with periodicity in one or two dimensions. One-dimensional coordination polymers represent the vast majority of the metallosupramolecular structures obtained from dtdp. These include repeated rhomboids, zigzag, helical and arched chains among other types. In this contribution, we make an attempt to provide a comprehensive account of the structural data that are currently available for metallosupramolecular assemblies based on the bent bridging ligand dtdp. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supramolecular Chemistry and Self-Assembly 2013)
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