Search Results (23)

Carbon transfer embodies the spatial redistribution of carbon emissions resulting from interregional economic activities and trade. In recent years, accelerated regional integration and deepening specialization within industrial chains have rendered traditional bilateral analytical frameworks inadequate for capturing the complexity of interregional carbon transfer networks. This evolving context necessitates the incorporation of spatial interaction effects to elucidate the multi-nodal and multi-pathway characteristics inherent in contemporary carbon transfer patterns. Based on the spatial interaction theoretical framework and a multiregional input–output (MRIO) model, we analyze the spatial dependence characteristics of interregional carbon transfer in China. The results reveal that interregional carbon transfer in China exhibited an upward trend from 2012 to 2017, demonstrating statistically significant positive origin dependence, destination dependence, and network dependence. The distance between regions exerts a significantly negative influence on interregional carbon transfer. Interregional carbon transfer is not merely a bilateral phenomenon; its fundamental nature is characterized as a network phenomenon. Our study demonstrates that precise regulation of the allocation of industrial land and transportation infrastructure land, strengthening the decisive role of market mechanisms in resource allocation for regional low-carbon development, and establishing interregional collaboration mechanisms for low-carbon exchange can effectively reduce the occurrence of interregional carbon transfer. These findings provide policymakers with more precise information to achieve equitable carbon emissions distribution across regions. Full article

This study investigates the transfer of rural land contracting rights in Shandong Province, China, employing a mixed methods approach that integrates qualitative policy analysis and quantitative multiple linear regression models based on panel data from 16 prefecture-level cities (collected in 2010–2022). The findings demonstrate that land transfer optimizes resource allocation, enhances agricultural output efficiency, and serves as a critical mechanism for advancing agricultural modernization and rural revitalization. Key drivers, such as agricultural modernization and industrial development, significantly promote land transfer, particularly in coastal areas, while challenges like non-standardized contracts and inadequate farmer protections persist. The study proposes targeted strategies, including strengthening agricultural modernization, enhancing farmer income through non-agricultural industries, and improving institutional frameworks to stabilize the land transfer market. Additionally, it highlights the potential role of rural social workers in addressing contentious issues such as women’s rights, displacement, and access to resources, ensuring equitable and sustainable rural development. These measures aim to accelerate agricultural modernization, promote rural economic growth, and enhance the competitiveness and social well-being of rural areas, providing a robust foundation for policy formulation. Full article

Given the increasing scarcity of natural resources and the global imperative for sustainable development, the relationship between land resource allocation and green economic efficiency remains crucial but underexplored. This study, utilizing land transfer data from China Land Market Network, examines 285 cities at or above the prefectural level in China from 2007 to 2019. By applying a modified Slake-Based Measure (SBM) directional distance function model (MSBM), the study quantifies green economic efficiency and develops various panel models to investigate the impact of land resource misallocation on urban green economic efficiency. The findings indicate that land resource misallocation significantly impedes the enhancement of urban green economic efficiency. This is primarily achieved through the reduction in human capital investment and the weakening of technological conversion capabilities, both of which adversely affect the development of green economies in cities. Furthermore, government performance levels are shown to play a pivotal role in moderating the relationship between land resource misallocation and green economic efficiency, with regional heterogeneity evident between cities in old industrial bases and those in non-old industrial bases. These results underscore the critical importance of rational land resource allocation in improving green economic efficiency and facilitating the achievement of high-quality urban development. Full article

The development of the natural rubber planting industry is facing the dual challenges of protecting ecology and maintaining supply. As an effective means to internalize ecological externalities, eco-compensation is an important way to realize the sustainable development of the natural rubber industry. From the perspective of industrial development, an eco-compensation policy framework for natural rubber with a production and ecological win–win outcome was constructed. The results showed that natural rubber eco-compensation was a large-scale public institutional arrangement with the following characteristics: 1. The goals were to protect tropical rainforest and rubber garden ecology, maintain the natural rubber supply and improve the livelihoods of agricultural households. 2. The participants included the government, enterprises and agricultural households. 3. The main methods included financial transfer payments, production insurance and cooperative operations. 4. The opportunity costs of agricultural household livelihood transformation and the positive expected returns of enterprises were used as compensation standards. 5. The compensation effectiveness was evaluated through the comprehensive monitoring of tropical rainforest ecology, the rubber garden environment, land use, the planting distribution, household income and production modes. On this basis, specific policy recommendations, including developing combined planting–breeding modes, establishing a strict supervision system and setting up special expert advisory teams, were put forward. This study provides not only a theoretical basis for the design of natural rubber eco-compensation policies but also a reference for the construction of eco-compensation market mechanisms in various fields. Full article

Spatial justice, as a fundamental value in social systems, plays a key role in achieving social justice and improving human well-being. Drawing on theories of spatial justice, property rights, and new institutional economics, this study explores the comprehensive impact of land development rights (LDR) transfer on urban–rural spatial economic, resources, social, and ecological equity from the perspective of urban–rural spatial justice. Using the Chongqing land quota trading pilot as the core case, we apply synthetic control methods to analyze the causal effects of this policy. The results show that LDR transfer promotes urban–rural spatial resources equity in the short term, particularly through the marketization of land transactions. Over the long term, it significantly enhances urban–rural spatial economic and social equity, evidenced by the narrowing of the income gap, the growth of the primary industry, and improved connectivity between urban and rural areas. However, the improvement in ecological equity through LDR transfer lacks sustainability, suggesting the need for stronger ecological protection measures in future policies. By establishing a comprehensive framework for urban–rural spatial justice and using comparative spatial indicators to measure equity, this study advances our understanding of how LDR transfer can promote urban–rural spatial justice and provides valuable insights for future policy refinement and institutional reforms. Full article

The 14th Five-Year Plan for China proposes to promote the urbanization process from a county perspective, presenting an unprecedented opportunity to develop county urbanization. However, in the context of relatively limited resources, insufficient funds, and comparatively lower land values in Chinese counties, how to promote county urbanization remains the primary challenge, which has not been studied yet. This study first analyzes the necessity of promoting county urbanization from four dimensions: national development strategy, industrial policy development, local government status, and enterprise development demands using literature research and survey interviews. Based on field research conducted in 32 counties in China, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis is carried out on the county urbanization process in this study. By analyzing the developmental status and challenges of major urban areas, expansion areas of counties, and their surrounding countryside, this paper proposes a “three-level gradient integration” concept for the spatial integration of county urbanization. Furthermore, the mechanism of multi-agent linkage to promote county urbanization was explored based on the theory of urban governance and the characteristics of county urbanization. Subsequently, relying on the analysis of policies, such as land acquisition and integrated land improvement, and adopting modes, such as “Investor + Engineering Procurement Construction + Operation” (investor + EPC + O) and renovate–operate–transfer (ROT), we propose a pathway for promoting county urbanization through the linkage of government, enterprises, and residents. This study provides insight into promoting the county urbanization process. Additionally, each country faces the common issue of how to use limited resources to promote regional development, and this article can provide valuable insights and inspiration for addressing this shared issue by the principle of adapting to local conditions and adhering to the concept of efficient market and proactive government. Full article

The modern logistics industry is grappling with significant challenges brought about by rapid market transformations. These challenges encompass workforce shortages, the increasing complexity of diverse logistics systems, environmental concerns arising from unregulated warehouse construction, and the scarcity of available land for development. In response to these pressing issues, this study introduced an automated logistics warehouse system that incorporated stackable bidirectional infinite-loop modules and employed a pre-transfer method. Extensive simulations rigorously validated the feasibility and effectiveness of this system, affirming its substantial capacity to enhance spatial utilization and operational efficiency within warehouses. Consequently, this study not only offers solutions to streamline transfer device routes, optimize storage space, reduce workforce demands, and contribute to economic gains, but also addresses labor shortages and land scarcity challenges. The overarching objective of this study was to provide pragmatic strategies for effectively tackling the multifaceted challenges confronting the logistics industry. Full article

Land transfer is an important means to achieve agricultural scale production and improve land use efficiency, as well as an effective way to solve food security issues. Discussing the mechanism of how the multilevel urban centers affect rural farmland transfer can help understand the spatial heterogeneity characteristics of farmland transfer. It is helpful to provide more policy suggestions from the perspective of urban-rural spatial relations and achieve the goal of agricultural and rural modernization. Taking Tai’an prefecture as an example, this study examines the impact of multilevel urban centers on farmland transfer by mediating effect model. The results show that: (1) Distances to urban centers are negatively associated with rural farmland transfer rates, with lower rates farther from urban centers. There are two mechanisms about how the distances to urban centers influence farmland transfer: the first is that the farther a village is from urban centers, the lower the value of its farmland, which leads to lower benefits to those who transferring farmland; the second is that lower opportunity costs of agricultural labor in the villages which farther from cities increase household reliance on farmland, reducing the rates of transferring farmland out. (2) Multilevel centers differentially influence transfers. The higher-level prefectural centers affect farmland transfer through planting structure, while the lower-level county centers affect farmland transfer through off-farm employment. Additionally, the influence of county centers is less stable due to road accessibility. (3) It is critical to additional policy support to both towns and remote villages. Particular focus should be placed on increasing the non-agricultural industries and expanding the agricultural markets of towns. It is also important to enhance infrastructure development to encourage farmland transfer in remote villages. Full article

With the implementation of deep-market-oriented reforms in China, an accurate interpretation of the effect and transmission mechanism of the marketization of industrial land transfer on carbon emission reduction can provide references for further elevating the role of land policy in China’s low-carbon economic transition. Based on the balanced panel data of China’s provincial level from 2009 to 2020, this paper uses carbon emission intensity to quantify emission reduction targets, and studies the effects of the marketization of industrial land transfer on regional carbon emission intensity, as well as its internal mechanism, by describing the typical characteristics. Moreover, this paper analyzes the moderating role of environmental governance and conducts area heterogeneity analysis. The main results show that (1) the marketization of industrial land transfer can significantly reduce regional carbon emission intensity, and the negative effect is stronger in the mid-west compared with the effect in the east. (2) Environmental governance can play a positive moderating role in the relationship between the marketization of industrial land transfer and the carbon emission intensity. (3) Industry selection is the internal mechanism by which the effect of the marketization of industrial land transfer on regional carbon emission intensity operates, and the mechanism is represented more prominently in the mid-west. The main conclusions provide inspiration for land policy regulation in relation to carbon emission reduction. China’s local governments should implement specific strategies to improve the market-based operation mechanism of land, attracting industries with high energy efficiency and low carbon emissions, and strengthening the intensity of environmental governance. Full article

Based on the survey data of 540 peasants in Sichuan Province, the probit and unordered multi-classification logistic model regression models were used to explore peasants’ differentiation on the transformation of willingness and behavior of land transfer and to provide a theoretical and empirical basis for promoting land intensification and large-scale management. The results show the following: (1) There is a significant negative correlation between the intention and behavior of part-time peasants, multiple occupations peasants, and non-agricultural peasants. (2) Part-time peasants and non-agricultural peasants promoted the change in willingness and behavior of land transfer out; part-time peasants, multiple occupations peasants, and non-agricultural peasants all promoted the willingness and behavior transformation of land transfer in. (3) The heterogeneity analysis results show that different household heads ages, the proportion of labor force in the total population of the household, and the terrain of cultivated land significantly impact peasants’ willingness and behavior of land transfer. Peasants’ non-agricultural differentiation is an important way to promote the rapid development of land transfer. The government should strengthen skills training and guidance services, broaden the channels for peasants to increase income, optimize the market environment of land transfer, and improve the social security system related to land transfer in order to promote the industrialization and large-scale development of agriculture. Full article

This paper explores the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of the impact of industrial land transfer on urban air quality using the air quality index (AQI) and primary land market transaction data of 284 cities from 2015 to 2019 in China. Based on a three-dimensional conceptual framework including scale, price and style effect of industrial land transfer, we find that: (1) The scale effect shows an obvious characteristic of spatial agglomeration, and the agglomerations transfer from central and northern China to the western and southeast coastal regions. (2) Industrial land transfer price has a greater impact on air quality than transfer scale no matter whether the effect is positive or negative, which may be because the expansion scale of construction land is restricted strictly by indicators. (3) The scale of industrial land transferred by agreement in the west and northeast will reduce the air quality. (4) The impact of industrial land price transferred by bidding, auction and listing on AQI is gradually decreasing, but that of land transferred by agreement is still high in the northwest and northeast regions. Finally, we put forward policy recommendations based on the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of these effects, which will help alleviate or avoid environmental problems caused by land resources mismatch and industrial development. Full article

The market-based allocation of rural construction land is conducive to the revitalization of rural land resources, influences urban and rural land planning, and facilitates urbanization. The rural collective operating construction land entering the market (COCLEM) is a key measure for China’s rural construction land marketization reform, while its impacts on the existing land supply pattern have received little attention. Taking Huzhou City as an example, this paper investigates the impacts of COCLEM on state-owned industrial land (SIL) transactions with Difference-in-Differences (DID) regression models. The results show the following: (1) Given the natural conditions, enterprises’ preferences, and government forces, COCLEM has failed to inhibit the SIL transaction scale. (2) COCLEM contributes to industrial agglomeration and significantly increases the value of SIL. These findings altogether imply that currently, in China, market-based rural construction land transfer is the complement of land administrative allocation. Policy implications are drawn from this analysis to advance further reforms for China’s urban–rural integrated construction land market. Full article

China’s social and economic development is in a critical period of transition. With the implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy, new rural industries and new formats have developed rapidly. Profound changes have taken place in the human–land relationship, population structure, industrial structure, and rural functions in the vast rural areas, which have a huge impact on the function and value of rural homesteads. The functional evolution of rural homesteads has a strong driving effect on the change of function value of the homestead. The functional value of rural homesteads is affected by the social and economic development conditions, location, resource endowment, land use policy, rural land trading market, the development of new industries and new formats, and the evolution of homestead function; different homestead functions have different values, especially in the non-agricultural production function and asset function of the homestead. To revitalize the idle and inefficient use of the homestead and fully manifest its value when the homestead is transferred or withdrawn, it is necessary to scientifically calculate the homestead value according to the principle of “what function is lost and what value is compensated”. This paper adopts basic geographic data, rural land transaction data, and social and economic data, and it uses participatory rural appraisal, the land estimation method, and the comparative analysis method. According to the classic theory of “structure determines function and function determines value” in systems engineering, the equivalent substitution method and market value method are used to measure and compare the functional values of traditional agricultural villages and tourist homestay villages before and after the functional evolution. The results show that (1) the leading functional evolution of homestead landlords is closely related to the level of social and economic development. The change in the functional value of the homestead presents the same law as the evolution of its leading function. (2) The functional evolution of the homestead has a strong driving effect on its value change. The increase in value caused by the functional evolution of homesteads in homestay villages is significantly higher than that in traditional agricultural villages. (3) The functional value of the homestead is affected by the social economy, location, resource endowment, land use policy, rural land trading market, business development, and the functional evolution of the homestead. (4) It is suggested that the state formulates the compensation standard for voluntary and paid withdrawal of homesteads according to the “functional value theory of homesteads”, to reduce the unfair value compensation caused by location differences. Full article

The orderly circulation of land can affect the structure of the agricultural industry, improve the level of agricultural industrialization, and realize the sustainable development of agriculture. Located in the inland of southwest China, Chongqing is the core area of China’s Three Gorges Reservoir area, with obvious mountain characteristics. The characteristics and influencing factors of land transfer here can guide the reformation of land policy in other rural areas. Therefore, based on the survey data of 1015 mountain farmers in Chongqing, this paper employs a multi-class logistic model to analyze the above issues. The results show the following: (1) The phenomena of “zero rent” and “non-agreement” are widespread, and the spontaneous internal transfer among farmers is the main influencing factor. The decline in land value, the low degree of foreign investment, and the low average level of farmers’ understanding of land transfer policies are quite different from the economically developed plains in the east. (2) Different directions of land circulation have different influencing factors. (3) The main factors are the total population of rural households, the proportion of non-agricultural household income, the age of the head of the household, the education level of the head of the household, the degree of land division, and the quality of land grades that affect land transfer and development in mountainous areas. Thus, improving the education level or technological training of farmers, establishing effective market mechanisms, and increasing income from non-agricultural employment can effectively promote land transfer. Moreover, age-oriented land policy is easier to implement. Full article

Most arable land in rural areas of China is highly fragmented, and promoting large-scale operation by means of farmland transfer is of great significance to both increase farm income and improve the ecological stability of farmland. At present, crayfish are widely popular with the consumer market, and the rice–crayfish cultivation pattern has considerable industrial advantages for water-rich plain areas. However, farmers do not have a sufficient understanding of the new model, and its application is not common enough, failing to realize the advantages of the region’s special industries. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current situation of farmland transfer in rice–crayfish cultivating regions of Hunan and Hubei, China, and employ the logistic regression model to explore the impacts of operation scale and transfer experience on farmers’ willingness toward farmland transfer-in, in order to promote the sustainable development of rice–crayfish cultivating. The results showed that: Firstly, both operation scale and transfer experience have a significant positive relevance with farmers’ willingness toward farmland transfer-in. Secondly, there are obvious differences in the impact path among large-scale, medium-scale, and small-scale rice or rice–crayfish farmers. Thirdly, the transfer-out experience is inhibitory or not significantly associated with the willingness toward farmland transfer-in. Fourthly, the transfer experience intensifies the positive influence of the expansion of operation scale on the farmers’ willingness toward farmland transfer-in. This study can provide some reference and basis for the local government to make differentiated measures according to the farmland transfer preferences of farmers with different scales and operation types, so as to promote farmers’ willingness to operate at a large scale and realize the sustainable development of the regional rice–crayfish cultivating model. Full article