Search Results (3,259)

In the environment in which competition in the aviation industry is intensifying and services are becoming increasingly homogeneous, a deep understanding of the key factors influencing passenger loyalty is beneficial for airlines to adopt more differentiated policies, thereby enabling long-term development. Exploring these dynamics within the framework of social and economic sustainability in the aviation sector, this study conducted a questionnaire survey of 375 Air China passengers. The collected data were analyzed using SEM (structural equation modeling) to investigate the relationships among service experience, corporate social responsibility (CSR), brand love, customer satisfaction, and reuse intention. The empirical results show that service experience has a significant and positive impact on both brand love and customer satisfaction. Also, CSR is key to boosting passengers’ emotional attachment and overall satisfaction. The findings also show that passengers with higher brand love and satisfaction are more likely to reuse the airline’s services. The results highlight how integrating CSR and service experience into an emotional–cognitive path serves as a strategic roadmap for securing a sustainable competitive advantage in a homogeneous market. Based on these insights, the research proposes practical managerial implications to help Air China develop sustainably and stay competitive in the long run. Full article

Background/Objectives: Japan’s mental healthcare system is characterized by the world’s highest number of psychiatric beds, widespread “social hospitalization,” and a structurally entrenched managerial support model that frequently undermines patient autonomy. Joint Crisis Plans (JCPs)—collaboratively developed crisis management documents—have been increasingly adopted as a care coordination tool; however, their role in transforming professional practice towards recovery-oriented support remains underexplored. This study aimed to elucidate the experiences of professionals utilizing JCPs across diverse facility types and to develop a theoretical understanding of the process by which they redefine their role from ‘manager’ to ‘recovery companion’. Methods: A qualitative design using the Modified Grounded Theory Approach (M-GTA), grounded in symbolic interactionism, was employed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 professionals (7 nurses, 6 mental health and welfare workers) across nine facilities (psychiatric hospitals, 24-h residential facilities, outpatient facilities) in the Kanto region of Japan. Theoretical sampling continued until saturation. Data were analyzed using the constant comparative method, with validity ensured through team checking. Results: Nine categories and 23 subcategories were extracted. A three-stage support transformation process emerged: (1) Stage of Motivation and Initial Support, in which professionals confronted the limitations of managerial practice; (2) Stage of Collaborative Role Redefinition and Practice, involving joint crisis management, strength-based support, and network building; and (3) Stage of Integration of Support Perspectives and Recovery-Oriented Practice, in which professionals witnessed individual recovery and integrated new support values into their practice. Negative cases revealed that JCP effectiveness is contingent on the co-construction of shared meaning rather than procedural compliance. Conclusions: JCP was suggested to function as a potential tool to facilitate navigating and reframing structural managerial barriers in Japanese mental healthcare. The creation of a shared language through JCP was associated with supporting conditions for individual self-determination, alleviating professional conflicts, and contributing to shifts in organizational culture. Full article

Systemic digital innovation plays a pivotal role in driving firms’ future growth. As key decision-makers in strategic planning, executives play a critical role in promoting digital innovation. Therefore, how to effectively motivate executives to engage in systemic digital innovation remains an important research question. Drawing on principal-agent theory, this study examines how equity incentives promote systemic digital innovation, a form of firm-level digital technological innovation embedded in organizational governance and resource allocation systems. Using the panel data from Chinese A-share listed firms over 2007–2024, we investigate the governance mechanisms in a major emerging market context. The results show that equity incentives significantly promote systemic digital innovation. Managerial risk-taking and long-term orientation partially mediate this relationship, indicating that incentive alignment reshapes executives’ behavioral orientations toward intertemporal decision-making. Moreover, executives’ IT background strengthens the positive effect of equity incentives, whereas financing constraints weaken it. These findings highlight equity incentives as a governance mechanism that facilitates sustained systemic digital innovation in emerging market firms. Full article

This paper examines whether executives’ environmental expertise shapes firms’ engagement in open innovation. Open innovation requires long-term, uncertain, and relationship-specific investments, yet such investments are often underprovided due to manage rial short-termism. Based on stewardship theory, we argue that environmental expertise embeds a long-horizon cognitive orientation in executives and alleviates managerial myopia. Based on the upper echelons theory, we posit that executives with environmental expertise could significantly influence corporate strategies, specifically enhancing corporate open innovation activities. Using a panel of 40,133 firm–year observations from Chinese listed firms over 2002–2022, we find that firms led by environmentally expertised executives exhibit significantly greater open innovation, measured by co-patenting activities. To address endogeneity concerns, we implement a stacked difference-in-differences design and propensity score matching. Our results remain robust in a battery of robustness tests. Consistent with the managerial myopia alleviation argument, we show that the effect of executives with green expertise on open innovation is stronger in settings where short-term pressures are more pronounced, including firms with weaker governance and higher capital market pressure. This study highlights and provides micro-level evidence on how environmental human capital enables firms to adopt sustainability-oriented business models through open innovation. Overall, our findings contribute to the literature on sustainable entrepreneurship and open innovation and offer practical implications for firms and policymakers seeking to support long-term, innovation-driven sustainability transitions. Full article

Organizational change is a complex process often accompanied by intense human reactions and increased uncertainty. Resistance to change (RtC) can cause critical performance declines during the organizational change period, which can delay implementation. The evolution of information systems and digital infrastructures provides immediate access to operational data and analytical tools, making it possible to continuously monitor performance and timely adjust decisions during change. Although recent approaches attempt to minimize these impacts through continuous monitoring and resource reallocation, they typically view human resource allocation as a single-level problem. In hierarchical structures where work and decision-making are distributed across levels, RtC can increase backlogs, place an excessive amount of work on managers, and result in operational issues or the failure of the change. From an algorithmic perspective, the proposed method formulates a hierarchical dynamic optimization problem with two coupled assignment layers, in which the operational output of Level 1 dynamically determines the workload processed at Level 2. Both assignment problems are solved at each time step using the Hungarian algorithm, while RtC is modelled as a time-dependent stochastic process aligned with a reference change curve, allowing employee and managerial performance to be updated dynamically over the planning horizon. In contrast to static Classical Change Management Model (CCMM), large-scale experimental results demonstrate that the new approach increases total processed workload by approximately 20%, while at the peak of resistance, the improvement reaches 56.8%. At the same time, it substantially reduces backlog accumulation, maintaining very low backlog levels (18 versus 16,424 units) within the tested setting. Finally, by applying a 50% reallocation threshold, the organization maintains 98.5% of maximum performance while avoiding 45% of the reallocations. Overall, the proposed method provides a dynamic optimization framework that combines hierarchical organizational modeling with stochastic performance updates across organizational levels. Full article

As tourism businesses increasingly integrate anthropomorphic and AI-impowered technologies into service functions, a key managerial and theoretical challenge is adjusting high-tech performance with high-touch human involvement. Addressing this issue, this paper applied a PLS-SEM algorithmic modeling method to explore how anthropomorphic technological experiences shape guests’ experiential sharing intentions (ESIs) within hospitality service environments. Drawing on social response theory and service experience theory, this research developed and practically evaluated a moderated–mediated model describing how anthropomorphic technological experiences can impact experiential sharing intentions (ESIs). Specifically, the model tested the direct and indirect impacts of anthropomorphic experience on ESI through affective experience (AF_EX) and perceived service innovation (PSI), while evaluating the moderating roles of employee presence and technology identity. The results offered strong evidence to support the developed framework. Anthropomorphic experience can positively impact guests’ affective experience, PSI, and ESI with others. Both AF_EX and PSI can act as significant predictors of ESI and can operate as complementary mediating mechanisms, implying that emotional involvement and innovation-signaling technologies reinforce guests’ advocacy through dual experiential pathways. Notably, the findings revealed a critical boundary setting. Technology identity can amplify the influence of anthropomorphic experience on both AE and PSI, signaling that guests who view technology as part of their self-concept exhibited greater levels of experiential value from human-like operations. By applying PLS-SEM algorithmic modeling to integrate anthropomorphism, perceived innovation, and experiential value within a moderated mediation framework, this paper advanced the theoretical understanding of high-tech–high-touch hospitality experiences and provided practical insights for developing synergistic technology-enabled service contexts. Full article

Background: Circular economy (CE) practices, such as glass bottle refilling, are critical to the beverage industry’s sustainability. However, coordinating manufacturer marketing efforts with collector reverse logistics investment remains a strategic challenge. Methods: This study develops a Stackelberg game-theoretic model featuring a manufacturer and a collector. The model incorporates communication effort as a demand driver and analyzes the role of bottle quality (damage rates) and the reusable bottle unit cost on the optimal decisions of the players and the collection rate. Results: Equilibrium analysis shows that the quality of the reusable bottle and the rate of bottle damage are crucial in reducing the operational costs of the refilling program. Additionally, these factors significantly influence the decisions made by manufacturers and collectors regarding their investments in communication and collection systems. Conclusions: The study demonstrates that successful refilling requires strategic coordination between manufacturers and collectors, particularly in terms of communication and investment in reverse logistics. Managerial insights indicate that investing in the quality of bottles is the key factor for achieving joint profitability. Full article

Digital transformation is reshaping societies by promoting the adoption of advanced technologies. Moreover, the digitization of public services has become an important focus for governments. In this paper, digital government performance indicators are analyzed to improve the efficiency of digitizing public services. Based on this awareness, the seven main criteria and twenty-one sub-criteria are determined. Then, a fuzzy decision-making framework is proposed to evaluate digital government performance across 165 countries as alternatives. To the best of our knowledge, limited studies have investigated an integrated clustering-based fuzzy decision-making framework for evaluating digital government performance. The intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy number-based analytical hierarchy process (ITFNAHP), a part of the introduced framework, is developed to find the weights of the main criteria and sub-criteria. Digital technologies, innovation, and the economy are the most significant criteria for digital government operations. The k-means clustering method is then employed to group the alternatives. The four clusters are obtained from the clustering technique. Next, the technique of order preference similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is introduced to rank the digital governments of each cluster. Switzerland, Rwanda, North Macedonia, and Eswatini are the top choices among others in each cluster, respectively. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis is conducted considering the ten different situations. In addition, the managerial and policy implications are discussed, including the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Full article

Employee loyalty in hospitality settings is influenced by a combination of economic, relational, and developmental factors, including remuneration, recognition, interpersonal relationships, and opportunities for career advancement. This study explores managerial perceptions of the key organizational drivers that enhance employee satisfaction and foster employee loyalty in luxury hospitality settings. Focusing on five-star hotels located in the Heraklion Prefecture of Crete, Greece, the research addresses a context characterized by high service expectations, strong cultural traditions of hospitality, and pronounced seasonal labor dynamics. While previous studies have predominantly examined employee attitudes and outcomes, limited attention has been given to how decision-makers perceive and prioritize the factors influencing employee loyalty in luxury hospitality environments. To address this gap, the study adopts a mixed-method approach, combining structured Likert-scale questionnaires and qualitative insights collected from senior managers and owners representing 28 luxury hotels. The quantitative component provides descriptive insights into managerial consensus regarding organizational practices, while the qualitative analysis offers deeper interpretation of perceived challenges and priorities. Findings indicate that managers consider leadership style, working conditions, professional development, and employee welfare as central drivers of satisfaction and loyalty, although variation exists regarding the role of benefits and technology. The study contributes to hospitality management literature by highlighting the managerial perspective as a distinct analytical lens and offers practical implications for strategic human resource practices in high-end tourism contexts. Full article

The rise in aggregation platforms has reshaped the competitive ride-hailing market. Display slots (i.e., platform-determined ranking priority) have become a key tool for influencing order allocation. Their interaction with drivers’ multi-homing behavior poses new challenges for platform sustainability. This paper constructs a two-stage Stackelberg game model with one aggregator and two underlying ride-hailing platforms. Display slots enhance supply-side lock-in, while a waiting time function links passenger utility to demand allocation. Building on theoretical analysis of two-sided market competition and multi-homing effects, we propose two hypotheses: (H1) under specific conditions, competition for display slots may lead to a Prisoner’s Dilemma equilibrium, and (H2) the proportion of multi-homing drivers positively moderates this dilemma, thereby expanding its occurrence range. Numerical simulation results under baseline parameter settings reveal that display slots generate a supply-side amplification effect by locking in multi-homing drivers. In symmetric markets, a prisoner’s dilemma range exists where mutual purchase erodes collective profits; this range expands with the share of multi-homing drivers. Higher driver profit sensitivity raises the threshold required for display slots to be profitable. In asymmetric markets, dominant platforms (strong brands, low costs) gain more from display slots, potentially leading to unilateral purchasing. Social welfare effects of display slot competition depend on a critical threshold of waiting-time sensitivity: social welfare improves above the threshold and declines below it. This study clarifies the boundaries of display slots as supply-side non-price competitive tools, offering quantitative insights for aggregator platform design and regulatory policy. The findings carry managerial implications for platform strategy and policy aimed at sustainable development. Full article

In this study, we investigate how corporate policies are influenced by the presence of rookie independent directors (RIDs). We hypothesize that RIDs, due to their inexperience, impact corporate policies in ways that may amplify agency problems. Specifically, firms with RIDs demonstrate higher investment in R&D and capital expenditure, increased leverage (both short- and long-term), enhanced liquidity (cash holdings and working capital), and elevated risk-taking, while their presence leads to a conservative payout policy. Using a sample of Chinese-listed firms from 2008 to 2022, our findings confirm these predictions. Additional analyses reveal that RIDs’ effects are more pronounced in high-CEO-power environments, where their limited governance capabilities may align with managerial interests, exacerbating financial risks. This study contributes to the corporate governance literature by integrating upper echelon and agency theories, shedding light on the dual-edged role of RIDs in shaping corporate outcomes. Full article

The regional social financing structure is a critical external financing environment for enterprises. This environment influences corporate sustainable development by affecting firms’ resource allocation and shaping their preferences. This dynamic has not been sufficiently researched. To address this, this study uses data about Chinese non-financial listed companies and data about regional social financing structure to investigate the impact of different regional social financing structures on the quantity and quality of green innovation by enterprises in specific regions. The study finds that a higher degree of marketization in the regional social financing structure increases the quantity and quality of corporate green innovation. The regional social financing structure primarily affects corporate green innovation through the allocation of regional factor resources, investments by green investors, and managerial preferences. This research expands the literature concerning financial structure and corporate sustainable development. The results provide evidence relevant to financial marketization reforms and offer practical implications for firms seeking to strengthen green innovation performance, thereby contributing to sustainable development. Full article

Traditional fuzzy decision-making often relies on manual expert calibration, which is labor-intensive and susceptible to subjective bias. This study addresses these limitations by proposing a novel framework that transforms the intrinsic probabilistic outputs of Large Language Models (LLMs) into Triangular Fuzzy Numbers (TFNs). We introduce a multi-temperature sampling strategy coupled with weighted quantile aggregation and an adaptive interval adjustment mechanism to systematically map model stochasticity to fuzzy possibility distributions. Empirical validation on a structured prototype dataset demonstrates that the proposed method achieves high consistency with expert consensus, with GPT-4.2 exhibiting superior central accuracy and Gemini-2.5 excelling in uncertainty coverage. Furthermore, in complex unstructured scenarios involving business public opinion, the integration of Model Context Protocol (MCP) and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) significantly corrects cognitive biases and converges uncertainty boundaries. This research establishes a rigorous pathway from generative AI probabilities to fuzzy decision theory, offering a robust automated solution for quantitative risk assessment and intelligent decision support. Full article

This study examines the association between CEO authority concentration and financial reporting quality within the framework of institutional logics. Using a panel of publicly listed firms from three Southeast Asian countries, including Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand, over the period 2015–2023, we employ panel regression models to analyze how concentrated CEO authority shapes financial reporting outcomes. The concentration of CEO authority is measured using the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index (HHI) based on the CEO’s positions in key board committees. Our findings indicate that higher CEO authority concentration is associated with lower financial reporting quality. This result suggests that when CEOs hold dominant positions within board committees, the effectiveness of internal monitoring mechanisms may weaken, increasing managerial discretion over the financial reporting process. As a result, excessive concentration of authority may reduce the reliability and transparency of reported financial information. This study contributes to the corporate governance literature by highlighting the role of authority distribution within the boardroom as an important determinant of financial reporting quality. By adopting an institutional logics perspective, this study also provides evidence that governance structures embedded in emerging market environments may shape how executive authority influences reporting practices. Overall, the findings provide important implications for regulators and governance practitioners seeking to strengthen board independence and improve financial reporting quality in Southeast Asian capital markets. Full article