Search Results (1,194)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurological condition that affects several domains of individuals’ lives, making those affected particularly vulnerable to psychological distress. The visible nature of many MS symptoms may increase self-consciousness, thereby fostering feelings of shame and perceived stigma. Previous research has shown that self-related perceptions are shaped by early interpersonal relationships, rendering emotional trauma particularly relevant in this context. The present study sought to test whether an association between emotional abuse and psychological distress (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress) in individuals with MS would be mediated by internalized shame and perceived stigma. A total of 171 individuals with a clinical diagnosis of MS (85% women; M = 30.04, SD = 10.01) were recruited and completed a set of validated questionnaires assessing the variables of interest. Structural Equation Modeling was used to test the proposed model. Significant paths emerged from emotional abuse to internalized shame and from emotional abuse to internalized shame. In addition, internalized shame was significantly associated with psychological distress, and a further significant path was observed from perceived stigma to psychological distress. Moreover, significant indirect effects were found from emotional abuse to psychological distress via internalized shame and via perceived stigma. Full article

Background: Suicide among emerging adults has become a significant global public health concern. Suicidal ideation is the prerequisite for suicide, and social support is recognized as a key protective factor against suicidal ideation. However, the relationship between the strength and consistency of social support and suicidal ideation among undergraduate students remains unclear. This study synthesized empirical studies to quantify the relationship between social support and suicidal ideation among undergraduate students and determine the different correlations between various sources of social support and suicidal ideation. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Five electronic databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest, and ScienceDirect) were searched for studies published from 2016 to 2025. Eligible studies reported quantitative associations between social support and suicidal ideation among undergraduate students. Correlation coefficients were transformed using Fisher’s z and pooled using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran’s Q and I² statistics. Risk of bias assessments, moderator analysis, sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, and publication bias assessments were conducted. Results: Fifteen studies with sixteen independent effect sizes and more than 26,000 participants were included. The meta-analysis showed a moderate negative association between social support and suicidal ideation (pooled r = −0.33, 95% CI [−0.40, −0.25]) under a random-effects model. A high heterogeneity was observed among studies (I² = 97%, p < 0.001). There are no studies classified as having a high risk of bias. The standardized sample size demonstrated a significant moderating effect (β = 0.2568, p = 0.0022). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of the pooled effect. Subgroup analysis indicated that the strength of the association between social support and suicidal ideation did not differ significantly between Asian and non-Asian studies. No significant publication bias was detected (Egger’s p = 0.19). Narrative synthesis further suggested that family support showed the most consistent protective association compared with friends’ support and support from others. Conclusions: Social support is moderately and consistently associated with reduced suicidal ideation among undergraduate students. These findings highlight social connectedness, particularly family support, as a central interpersonal protective factor and strengthen social support’s role in university suicide prevention initiatives. Full article

In this article, we address the issue of the sometimes indeterminate grammatical and functional status of vocatives and vocative-like NPs by proposing a prototype-based approach to their classification. We then explore the socio-pragmatic functions of these vocative types, adopting a variationist perspective that considers both macro- and micro-social factors to determine when the different types of vocatives occur and how they contribute to managing interpersonal relationships. This exploratory analysis is based on data from an online questionnaire featuring Discourse Completion Tasks of over 3000 participants in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. The findings show that different vocative types fulfill distinct socio-pragmatic functions, ranging from signaling positive politeness to heightening the face-threatening potential of an utterance, depending on the communicative task performed. In addition, their use varies between participants, based on the speakers’ regional background, gender, age, or personality traits. Full article

Background/Objectives: Sarcopenia and age-related muscle weakness pose significant global health challenges, highlighting the need for innovative and sustainable exercise interventions for older adults. This study developed and evaluated an Interactive Smart Mirror Exercise Program and investigated the factors associated with older adults’ usage intention toward the program based on the Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior (DTPB). Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 92 community-dwelling older adults in northern Taiwan. Structural equation modeling was applied to test the proposed framework and examine the relationships among the study variables. Results: The results showed a satisfactory model fit (SRMR = 0.071). Attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control together explained 41.6% of the variance in usage intention. In addition, perceived usefulness, perceived compatibility, interpersonal influence, and self-efficacy were identified as factors significantly associated with usage intention, both directly and indirectly. Conclusions: These findings might support the applicability of the DTPB framework in explaining older adults’ usage intention toward technology-assisted exercise programs and provide insights for the design and implementation of digital exercise interventions in community settings. Full article

Inclusive education (IE) aims to promote meaningful participation and a sense of belonging for all learners. However, limited research has examined how students with learning difficulties (LDs) experience inclusion in everyday school life. This study explored how primary school students with mild LDs perceive their participation, relationships with teachers and peers, and the role of inclusive classes (ICs) within mainstream Greek primary education. A qualitative design was adopted, and data were collected through semi-structured interviews with ten Grade 6 students receiving support through ICs. Transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings indicated that participation was associated with perceived competence in academic tasks, with language-based activities frequently described as cognitively demanding and stressful. Belonging was predominantly felt through peer acceptance and supportive teacher practices rather than solely through classroom placement. The ICs were perceived as providing individualized support and emotional safety, although some ambivalence regarding withdrawal from the mainstream classroom was reported. Students stressed the need for flexible assessment and clearer instructional guidance to enhance fairness and participation. Overall, the findings show that inclusion is experienced as a dynamic interaction between academic accessibility, interpersonal relationships, and supportive learning environments. They also underline the importance of incorporating student voice into inclusive practice. Full article

Status characteristics and expectation states theory (SC-EST) describes how general beliefs about capability contribute to disproportionate rates of power, prestige, and resource outcomes between group members. Similarly, endorsements for competition stem from a general belief that it is useful for identifying which people are more capable and therefore more deserving of limited or highly valued resources. This paper investigates the relationship between both contexts simultaneously by considering whether introducing intergroup competition into an otherwise collectively oriented task situation essentially promotes inequality between diverse group members. Using a two-condition experiment, we demonstrate how interaction dynamics change in racially diverse task groups when their task involves intergroup competition compared to no competition. The findings support our predictions that intergroup competition promotes inequality by reproducing and exacerbating macro-level inequalities in micro-level interpersonal interactions. Specifically, white group members were significantly less likely to defer (i.e., accept others’ suggestions) when the group task involved intergroup competition. Overall, these results offer insight into the diverging effects of unequal group processes in group settings and the detrimental effects of competition. Full article

In contemporary Japanese workplaces, interpersonal relationship problems have become increasingly serious, leading to heightened psychological stress and declining organizational functioning. One major contributing factor is power harassment (workplace bullying). This study surveyed 1621 Japanese workers to examine how support from supervisors and organizations influences power harassment, with particular attention to differences in self-esteem levels and narcissistic types. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that among individuals with high self-esteem, supervisor support tended to reduce power harassment in those characterized by the Need for Attention and Praise type, whereas organizational support tended to increase it. Additionally, for those classified as the Sense of Superiority and Competence type, the interaction between ego threat and both types of support showed a tendency to exacerbate power harassment. For individuals with low self-esteem, the interaction between ego threat and both types of support similarly tended to intensify power harassment in the Need for Attention and Praise type. These results suggest that the effects of support are not uniform; rather, they may inhibit or facilitate power harassment depending on individual psychological traits. Therefore, tailoring the method, timing, and source of support to workers’ psychological characteristics is essential for both preventing power harassment and promoting psychological adaptation. Full article

Background: Parental practices that support autonomy, provide structure, and foster warm relationships are associated with greater satisfaction of students’ basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness. In minority educational contexts, however, students’ psychological need satisfaction is also shaped by broader sociocultural conditions that may create additional pressures and sources of chronic stress. Within such environments, parental support may function as a protective factor that helps students cope with educational and cultural demands. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore how parental support contributes to the satisfaction of students’ basic psychological needs within a minority educational context where students from the Greek minority attend a bilingual school operating within a Turkish educational framework. Methods: A qualitative design was employed using three focus groups conducted in a minority school located in Gökçeada, Türkiye: one with parents (N = 5), one with lower secondary school students (N = 6), and one with upper secondary school students (N = 6). Interview questions were developed on the basis of Basic Psychological Needs Theory. Data were analyzed thematically by five members of the research team. Results: Findings indicated that parental support influenced students’ need satisfaction through practices related to autonomy (e.g., trust, space for mistakes), competence (e.g., encouragement, comparison), and relatedness (e.g., emotional presence, empathy). However, these practices were not experienced in a uniform way. Rather, their meaning and impact were shaped by contextual conditions associated with minority status, including bilingual educational demands, limited resources, and close-knit community dynamics. Conclusions: The study suggests that in minority school settings, parental support operates not simply as a general interpersonal resource but as a contextually mediated protective process. By showing how sociocultural and institutional conditions shape the enactment and experience of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, the findings extend existing BPNT research beyond majority settings and offer a more context-sensitive understanding of students’ psychological need satisfaction. Full article

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, compounded by difficulties in emotional regulation, which have sparked growing interest due to their relationship with emotional intelligence (EI). Background/Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyze the effectiveness and characteristics of interventions aimed at developing EI in people diagnosed with ADHD. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 in the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Dialnet, ERIC, and SpringerLink databases. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria and evaluating methodological quality, 31 studies were selected. Results: The evidence shows that children and adolescents with ADHD have lower levels of EI than the typically developing population, especially in emotional regulation, stress management, adaptability, and interpersonal skills. Interventions focused on emotional training have demonstrated improvements in emotional competencies, self-control, ADHD symptoms, and social functioning. However, variations are observed according to age, clinical subtype, the presence of comorbidities, and the type of informant, as well as heterogeneity in the assessment instruments used. Conclusions: Strengthening EI emerges as a promising complementary strategy for improving the emotional and social adaptation of people with ADHD. It is recommended to move toward longitudinal studies and more personalized interventions tailored to the clinical and developmental characteristics of the disorder. Full article

Men who have used violence against intimate partners remain an under-researched population, despite their potential to advance understanding of motivations and relational dynamics underlying such behavior. This study employed semi-structured interviews and interpretative phenomenological analysis to examine the lived experiences of five adult men with histories of partner violence. A superordinate theme, Chaotic Interpersonal and Systemic Relationships, encompassed five experiential themes describing volatile partnerships shaped by mutual vulnerabilities. Participants commonly reported trauma histories and/or antisocial traits influencing partner selection, with abuse experienced as bidirectional. Disillusionment emerged when participants perceived that the mutual nature of violence was unacknowledged, limiting their engagement in meaningful change. Although behavior change programs were often understood at a conceptual level, participants struggled to translate insight into sustained behavioral transformation. Consistent with post-traumatic growth theory, participants described developing greater personal responsibility and more constructive views of relationships over time. Greater systemic recognition of bidirectional violence, identified in the literature as a prevalent form of intimate partner violence, may strengthen the therapeutic alliance and support more nuanced etiological inquiry. Shifting systemic responses from deficit-based, gendered models toward strength-based approaches may better harness men’s capacity for more permanent positive psychological and behavioral change. Full article

Given the growing popularity of pet ownership, this study aimed to examine the effects of pet owners’ tourism constraints on learned helplessness, travel avoidance with pets and behavioural intentions to travel with pets. The relationship between learned helplessness and travel avoidance with pets was also analysed. More importantly, the serial paths from pet owners’ tourism constraints to travel intentions with pets were tested. Considering the importance of decision-making style (i.e., head vs. heart), it was used as a moderator. Data were collected in Türkiye from 341 pet owners who owned at least one dog, one cat, or both. Data analysis was conducted using PLS-SEM. The results showed that the indirect effects of the pet’s specific constraints, the pet’s interpersonal constraints, and the pet’s structural constraints on behavioural intention to travel with pets via learned helplessness and travel avoidance were significant. However, decision type did not have a moderating role. Both pet attachment and guilt over leaving pets alone had positive and significant effects on behavioural intention to travel with pets. The findings contributed to the understanding of both pet owners’ tourism constraints and learned helplessness through examining serial mediation paths. Full article

Knowledge sharing (KS) among healthcare professionals is essential for sustaining organisational learning and facilitating the transfer of expertise between experienced and less experienced professionals, thereby supporting workforce stability and retention in healthcare organisations (HCOs). However, despite its importance, high turnover among healthcare professionals remains a significant and persistent challenge in public HCOs, indicating a potential gap in understanding the mechanisms that support workforce stability. To address this gap, this study examines the interplay between work performance (WP), satisfaction with co-workers (CW), KS and turnover intention (TI) among healthcare professionals. Data from 220 respondents were analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) within the Input–Process–Output (IPO) framework. The results indicate that CW positively influences KS, while KS has a negative effect on TI, thereby reducing TI. In contrast, WP does not have a statistically significant effect on KS, nor does it indirectly influence TI through KS. Furthermore, although both WP and CW were hypothesised to be predictors of KS, only CW demonstrates a significant indirect effect on TI through KS. Grounded in Social Exchange Theory (SET) and the Knowledge-Based View (KBV), the results highlight the role of KS and interpersonal relationships in supporting sustainable human resource management (SHRM). Although sustainability-related dimensions were not directly measured, the results suggest potential implications for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 3, SDG 8, and SDG 9. Full article

Vocational high school students represent a substantial yet understudied population in school-based mental health research. Drawing on positive psychology and bioecological theory, this study examined whether personal growth initiative (PGI) shows a statistical indirect effect with respect to the relationships between multidimensional school climate and mental health outcomes among Chinese vocational students. Participants were 14,006 students from 112 vocational high schools. Two-level path models simultaneously entered different climate dimensions to estimate their unique associations with PGI, depressive symptoms, and Subjective well-being (SWB) at the within- and between-school levels, controlling for gender and socioeconomic status. Within schools, Safety, Interpersonal Relationships, Rules and Norms/Career Development Support, and Teaching and Learning/Diversity were positively associated with PGI, which in turn was associated with lower depressive symptoms and higher SWB. Wald tests indicated that Safety showed the strongest overall association with depressive symptoms, whereas Interpersonal Relationships showed the strongest overall association with SWB. At the between-school level, school-average climate and school-average PGI were associated with both outcomes, although these findings should be interpreted cautiously given the limited between-school power and substantial overlap among aggregated climate indicators. Overall, the findings are consistent with PGI being an important student-level pathway linking school climate to mental health in vocational education. Full article

The mandible, due to its anatomical position, mobility, and functional role, is one of the bones most frequently involved in maxillofacial trauma, with fracture patterns influenced by impact mechanisms and anatomical characteristics. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between trauma mechanisms and affected anatomical subsites in patients with isolated mandibular fractures treated at a regional public hospital in Buenos Aires Province. A retrospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted using medical records, surgical reports, and diagnostic imaging of patients treated between 2011 and 2024. Isolated mandibular fractures were included, while pathological fractures, dentoalveolar injuries, and cases with incomplete data were excluded. Trauma mechanisms were classified as interpersonal aggression, vehicular accidents, falls from height, contact sports, and blows with blunt objects. Interpersonal aggression was the most frequent trauma mechanism, followed by falls from height and vehicular accidents. The mandibular angle, parasymphysis, and condyle were the most commonly affected anatomical sites. Multivariable analysis showed a higher probability of condylar fractures in falls from height (OR = 4.75; 95% CI: 2.24–10.3; p < 0.001) and vehicular accidents (OR = 3.02; 95% CI: 1.28–7.13; p = 0.01). Falls were also associated with a lower probability of mandibular angle fractures (OR = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.06–0.36; p < 0.001), while blunt object trauma showed a positive association with mandibular body fractures (OR = 3.12; 95% CI: 1.04–8.95; p = 0.04). These findings indicate that trauma mechanisms influence the anatomical distribution of mandibular fractures, providing relevant information for diagnostic assessment and surgical planning. Full article

Employee loyalty in hospitality settings is influenced by a combination of economic, relational, and developmental factors, including remuneration, recognition, interpersonal relationships, and opportunities for career advancement. This study explores managerial perceptions of the key organizational drivers that enhance employee satisfaction and foster employee loyalty in luxury hospitality settings. Focusing on five-star hotels located in the Heraklion Prefecture of Crete, Greece, the research addresses a context characterized by high service expectations, strong cultural traditions of hospitality, and pronounced seasonal labor dynamics. While previous studies have predominantly examined employee attitudes and outcomes, limited attention has been given to how decision-makers perceive and prioritize the factors influencing employee loyalty in luxury hospitality environments. To address this gap, the study adopts a mixed-method approach, combining structured Likert-scale questionnaires and qualitative insights collected from senior managers and owners representing 28 luxury hotels. The quantitative component provides descriptive insights into managerial consensus regarding organizational practices, while the qualitative analysis offers deeper interpretation of perceived challenges and priorities. Findings indicate that managers consider leadership style, working conditions, professional development, and employee welfare as central drivers of satisfaction and loyalty, although variation exists regarding the role of benefits and technology. The study contributes to hospitality management literature by highlighting the managerial perspective as a distinct analytical lens and offers practical implications for strategic human resource practices in high-end tourism contexts. Full article