Search Results (3,956)

To address the inherent drawbacks of micro-arc oxidation (MAO), this study employed MAO combined with sol–gel processing to fabricate ZrO₂/Al₂O₃-CeO₂ composite coatings on ZrH_1.8 surfaces, aiming to solve the hydrogen evolution problem of zirconium hydride (ZrH_1.8) materials in high-temperature environments. By adjusting the aluminum concentration in the sol (0.1~0.5 mol/L), a series of composite thin films were prepared on the ZrH_1.8 surface using MAO combined with dip-coating, and their surface morphology and phase composition were characterized. The microstructure, morphology, and hydrogen barrier performance of the thin films were systematically analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), XRD, laser confocal microscopy, and quadrupole mass spectrometry. The results showed that the composite coating had a low surface porosity, with a maximum hydrogen permeation reduction factor (PRF) of 18.1. When the aluminum concentration was 0.4 mol/L, the relative content of tetragonal ZrO₂ (T-ZrO₂) reached 13.88%, the surface porosity was as low as 4.87%, and the initial temperature of hydrogen loss was increased to 730 °C. Mechanism analysis indicated that CeO₂ may stabilize the tetragonal phase (T-ZrO₂) of ZrO₂ through solid solution effects and inhibit the phase transformation to monoclinic phase (M-ZrO₂), thereby reducing cracks caused by volume expansion. Meanwhile, the synergistic effect of the MAO densified layer and the sol–gel sealed porous layer significantly reduced the coating porosity and blocked hydrogen diffusion paths, thus achieving excellent hydrogen barrier performance under high-temperature conditions. Full article

Internet of things long range (IoT/LoRa) devices emit radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF), ensuring long-range, low-power communication, and their use in precision agriculture continuously expands. Thus, the interest in the impact of low-intensity but long-term EMF exposure on plants has increased. In this study, maize plants were exposed to 868 MHz, 10 mW EMF for the first 28 days of their development with soil-buried antennas. Plants were divided into three groups: Control, Sham-exposed, and EMF-exposed. Biological effects were followed on morphological, physiological, and biochemical levels every week. The plant height values were fitted to a Gompertz function modeling the growth. The results showed slightly faster early development of EMF-exposed plants in about 21 days. The relative dry-leaf biomass from EMF-affected plants was a bit higher than in the Control and Sham groups until day 21. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis (JIP-test) indicated photosynthetic stability. Antioxidant enzyme activity, antioxidant capacity, content of malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and reducing sugars were measured, and principal component analysis was done for all parameters. Overall, the developmental stage accounts for most of the observed variations in the data rather than EMF exposure. The results suggest that under the tested conditions, IoT/LoRa-emitted EMF did not provoke adverse effects in maize and acted as a modest modulator of physiological functions. Full article

This study aimed to systematically compare the functional properties of the four major components (albumin, globulin, prolamin, and glutelin) of protein from Yunnan deep-veined walnuts to screen for protein-based carrier materials with good processing adaptability and the ability to efficiently encapsulate the active ingredient rutin. In addition, the binding and molecular interactions between the preferred protein and rutin were analyzed. The results indicated that albumin exhibited superior performance compared to the other three components in solubility, emulsifying properties, foaming properties, and gel properties, and demonstrated the strongest processing applicability. Further analysis revealed that albumin possessed an excellent amino acid composition (essential amino acid content accounting for 42.30%) and antioxidant activity (with the highest ABTS scavenging rate reaching 85.71 ± 0.26%), which indicated its considerable potential as a functional carrier. Loading rutin onto albumin yielded a walnut albumin–rutin complex (WA@Rut), which significantly enhanced the thermal stability of albumin (with the thermal denaturation temperature elevated to 108.72 °C) and the storage stability of rutin (66.16 ± 5.05% retention after 22 days of storage). Combined analyses of FT-IR spectroscopy, intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations confirmed that rutin primarily bound to albumin via hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions, and formed a stable complex structure. SEM images revealed that the composite surface was smooth and exhibited a flake-like morphology. In conclusion, walnut albumin is a protein resource with significant functional potential in Yunnan deep-veined walnuts, and it exhibits strong processing applicability and enables efficient encapsulation and protection of active ingredients. This study provides novel strategies and theoretical foundations for the high-value utilization of walnut protein. Full article

Rice straw is a highly produced agricultural waste with a high cellulose content, which can be used as a cellulose source. Nevertheless, more sustainable extraction and purification strategies are needed to reduce the consumption of chemicals during the production of cellulose-derived materials. In this way, an integrated method based on subcritical water extraction and bleaching with hydrogen peroxide was used for isolating cellulose from rice straw. The cellulose fibres obtained were converted into microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) by applying acid hydrolysis with HCl 2N at 60 °C to reduce the fibre amorphous fraction. High cellulose purity (86%) and crystallinity (67%) were obtained in the isolated fibres. The influence of high-shear homogenisation (12,000 rpm) during hydrolysis was analysed, compared to mild stirring (350 rpm) at different times (30 and 60 min). High-shear homogenisation greatly accelerated the hydrolysis process of the amorphous fraction of the fibres, contributing to the reduction in particle size (to about 10 µm), defibration, increased crystallinity (70–72%), and shorter cellulose chains (92,400–61,600 g/mol) for a given treatment time. After 30–60 min of treatment, the resulting MCCs exhibited properties within the range reported for commercial AVICEL, with greater reinforcing performance in PHBV films. These MCCs resulted in lower water vapour permeability, while improved oxygen barrier properties were mainly observed for those obtained under high-shear hydrolysis conditions. Full article

In rocky mountainous regions characterized by shallow, barren soils and water scarcity, non-rainfall water, such as condensation, plays a crucial ecological role in mitigating seasonal drought in forest trees. To enhance the water-use capacity of vegetation, this study utilized a previously developed eco-friendly PVA–CS/SA–Ca²⁺ hydrogel. The primary objective was to elucidate the synergistic mechanisms by which the hydrogel optimizes condensed water utilization and drives the ecophysiological recovery of Pinus tabuliformis and Platycladus orientalis, two keystone afforestation species in northern China. Utilizing a controlled environmental chamber to simulate the condensation and humidification process, the experiment established three treatments: a control group (CK), a pot-sealed group (PS, to isolate soil water absorption), and a hydrogel-amended group (Hydrogel-Root Wrapping, HRW). To comprehensively evaluate the water utilization mechanisms, the amount of condensed water captured by the system was quantified, and hydrogen isotope tracing techniques were employed to precisely track water transport pathways and contribution rates. Concurrently, key physiological parameters were systematically determined, including leaf water potential, stomatal conductance, leaf water content, net photosynthetic rate, and transpiration rate. The results demonstrated the following: (1) the hydrogel significantly enhanced the condensation water capture capacity of the system. The net mass gains of the Pinus tabuliformis and Platycladus orientalis systems under the HRW treatment reached 26.3 g and 32.9 g, respectively, which represented 1.17 and 1.30 times those of the CK treatment, and 1.52 and 1.54 times those of the PS treatment. (2) Isotope tracing confirmed that both tree species possess significant Foliar Water Uptake (FWU) capacity. Following condensation, the δ²H values in the leaves of Platycladus orientalis and Pinus tabuliformis surged to 113.5‰ and 85.3‰, respectively, with stem δ²H values increasing by 31‰ and 22‰ compared to their initial baseline. (3) The introduction of the hydrogel in the HRW treatment provided 11.2% and 10.9% of the stem water supply for Platycladus orientalis and Pinus tabuliformis, respectively, thereby reducing their dependence on soil water by 8.3% and 13.1%. In contrast, there was no significant difference in the fractional contribution of condensation water to stem water between the PS and CK treatments. (4) Regarding physiological responses, the application of the hydrogel material effectively improved the physiological status of the plants. The leaf water potentials of Pinus tabuliformis and Platycladus orientalis increased to −0.15 MPa and −1.32 MPa, respectively. Concurrently, stomatal conductance (3.25 and 3.64 mm·s⁻¹) and leaf water content (58.4% and 67.4%) were significantly higher than those in the other treatments. In summary, the hydrogel can significantly enhance the capture, conversion, and utilization efficiency of condensation water by vegetation, effectively optimizing the water supply dynamics of the system. This provides key theoretical and technical support for ecological afforestation in difficult sites within rocky mountainous areas. Full article

This meta-analysis combined the results of 61 independent studies published in 2005–2025 to examine polyamine-mediated responses to aluminum, cadmium, lead, chromium, copper, manganese, and selenium stress in plants. The logarithm ratio of responses (lnRR) under the random-effects model was used to calculate the effect sizes. Polyamine application significantly (p < 0.001) enhanced plant growth, with strong increases in root elongation (lnRR = 0.490, 95% CI: 0.362–0.618), fresh weight (lnRR = 0.413, 95% CI: 0.347–0.480), and dry weight (lnRR = 0.475, 95% CI: 0.409–0.541). Oxidative stress was markedly reduced, as reflected by decreases in reactive oxygen species accumulation (lnRR = −0.585, 95% CI −0.682 to −0.487, p < 0.001), hydrogen peroxide content (lnRR = 0.005, 95% CI −0.244 to 0.254, p = 0.968), and lipid peroxidation (lnRR = −0.487, 95% CI −0.578 to −0.397, p < 0.001). The antioxidant defenses were strengthened, and the levels of superoxide dismutase (lnRR = 0.468, p < 0.001) and catalase activity (lnRR = 0.373, p < 0.001) increased significantly. Metal accumulation was consistently reduced in polyamine-treated plants (lnRR = −0.392, 95% CI −0.460 to −0.324, p < 0.001). Supplementary genetic-level data indicated that metal stress triggers polyamines to regulate metal transporters, polyamine biosynthesis genes, antioxidant-related genes, and hormone-signaling pathways. Collectively, these data points make polyamines a key controller of plant metal stress tolerance and offer a quantitative and mechanistic system to apply them to metal-impacted agroecosystems. Full article

Deep eutectic solvent (DES) extraction is a green and efficient technology. As a substitute for organic reagents, DESs are widely used to extract active ingredients from traditional Chinese medicine. This study established an environmentally friendly and efficient method for extracting astaxanthin (AST) from Phaffia rhodozyma (PR) using ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvents (DESs-UAE). The astaxanthin content was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Six types of deep eutectic solvents composed of DL-menthol and selected hydrogen bond donors were prepared and evaluated, among which the DL-menthol–acetic acid system showed superior extraction performance. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize extraction parameters (ultrasonic power, time, and temperature), and the optimal conditions were determined as follows: ultrasonic power 420 W, ultrasonic time 20 min, and ultrasonic temperature 60 °C, achieving an AST extraction rate of 62% (2.49 mg/g). Compared with conventional organic solvent extraction, DESs exhibited a significantly higher AST extraction rate from PR, except for dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis demonstrated that DES-UAE treatment disrupted the cellular structure of PR, resulting in numerous surface pores; this facilitated the release of intracellular bioactive components and significantly improved AST extraction efficiency. The PR extract showed no significant cytotoxicity and could effectively promote L929 cell proliferation. It concentration-dependently increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content in H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress L929 cells, thereby alleviating oxidative damage. Additionally, it concentration-dependently upregulated type I collagen expression in these cells, ameliorated the decline in collagen synthesis function, and exerted a protective effect against cellular oxidative damage. This study provides a green alternative to toxic solvents and offers important theoretical and chemical support for the extraction of natural products and the high-value utilization of Phaffia rhodozyma (PR). Deep eutectic solvents have emerged as promising green alternatives to hazardous organic solvents, yet hydrophobic DESs tailored for lipophilic astaxanthin extraction from Phaffia rhodozyma and the linkage between extraction performance and anti-aging bioactivity remain insufficiently explored. Here, an ultrasound-assisted hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent extraction strategy was constructed to acquire astaxanthin, aiming to overcome low efficiency and environmental risks of conventional organic extraction techniques. Six DL-menthol-based DESs were prepared and screened, and DL-menthol–acetic acid possessed the optimal extraction capacity. Key extraction parameters were optimized via response surface methodology, and the maximum astaxanthin extraction recovery reached 62% (2.49 mg/g) under 420 W ultrasonic power, 20 min treatment and 60 °C. This yield was markedly higher than that of most common organic solvents; though comparable extraction effect was obtained with DMSO, the adopted DES possessed outstanding low-toxic and biodegradable superiorities that DMSO cannot match. SEM characterization verified that the combined treatment destroyed yeast cell structure and formed porous morphology, which accelerated intracellular astaxanthin release and accounted for improved extraction efficiency. Biological assays proved the extract possessed good biosafety and proliferation-promoting effect on L929 cells. It effectively relieved cellular oxidative injury by elevating the SOD level and reducing MDA accumulation in oxidative damaged cells, and upregulated type I collagen expression to mitigate aging-related collagen loss. This work develops an eco-friendly and high-efficiency extraction route for lipophilic active substance, confirms the practical value of hydrophobic DES, and provides experimental basis for high-value utilization of Phaffia rhodozyma resources. Full article

Ready-to-eat sea cucumbers (RSC) cannot be preserved at room temperature due to autolysis, which is closely related to the instability of collagen resulting from the disruption of hydrogen bonds. To investigate the protective effect of N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride/N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS) cross-linking against disruption of hydrogen bonds and its role in stabilizing RSC quality at room temperature, this study designed comparative experiments involving EDC/NHS cross-linking treatments with varying sequences of hydrogen bonds disruption. The results indicated that EDC/NHS positively affects the stabilization of the collagen structure in RSC. The various quality parameters of both groups of RSC that underwent cross-linking treatment before and after hydrogen bonds disruption were significantly better than those of the control group, which only experienced the breaking of hydrogen bonds. Notably, the Eb group, which underwent EDC/NHS cross-linking treatment prior to the disruption of the hydrogen bonds network, yielded even more favorable results. Preliminary analyses of textural properties and moisture content suggested that EDC/NHS helps delay the deterioration of RSC quality. The levels of soluble components and carbonyl groups indicated that prior cross-linking treatment is more effective in mitigating collagen degradation and oxidation. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed that the reduction in ΔH for the Eb group was only 2.4%. Furthermore, fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and circular dichroism spectroscopy, examined from the perspectives of secondary and tertiary structures respectively, indicated that the cross-linking mechanism of EDC/NHS involves the formation of a more robust network of amide bonds, thereby preventing the disruption of hydrogen bonds and enhancing collagen stability, enabling it to better resist the cleavage of hydrogen bonds due to urea. The scanning electron microscope and Van Gieson’s staining techniques offer a clearer illustration of this point from a microscopic perspective. Moreover, molecular docking simulations have indicated the cross-linking mechanism of EDC/NHS at the atomic level, thereby establishing a scientific foundation for the potential application and development of EDC/NHS in room-temperature storage technologies for RSC. Full article

In this study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (CS) were used as the base materials, and ethyl lauroyl arginate (LAE) as the antibacterial agent to prepare biodegradable bilayer composite films (P/C-L), whose properties compared with those of the monolayer films (P-C-L) of identical composition. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results revealed that the P/C-L films formed a compact microstructure with tight interlayer adhesion. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonds within the P/C-L films without the formation of new chemical bonds, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicates that the crystallinity of the P/C-L films was dominated by that of PVA. P/C-L films exhibited a dual-surface structure with a hydrophobic CS layer and a hydrophilic PVA layer, broadening their potential application range. The P/C-L films demonstrated superior water resistance and light transmittance to the P-C-L films. When the LAE content increased from 0% to 10%, the P/C-L films displayed a more stable range of variation concerning visible light transmittance, water contact angle (CS layers), and moisture absorption than that of the P-C-L films, with the corresponding changing values being 86.86% to 62.09%, 96.79°to 72.46°, and 8.35% to 19.78%, respectively. Regarding antibacterial properties, the P/C-L films exhibited significantly enhanced activity across all LAE concentrations. Notably, P/C-L films at 2% LAE already outperformed P-C-L films at 4% LAE. At an LAE content of 10%, the inhibition zone diameters of the P/C-L films against E. coli and S. aureus reached 39.42 mm and 42.15 mm, which were 12.71 mm and 13.10 mm larger than those of the P-C-L films, corresponding to increases of 47.58% and 45.09%, respectively. In addition, both the P/C-L bilayer films and the P-C-L films could achieve complete biodegradation within 30 days under laboratory soil burial conditions. These findings suggest that P/C-L films show advantageous overall characteristics, highlighting their strong potential in the field of sustainable active food packaging. Full article

Background/Objectives: Oxidative stress is a key pathogenic factor in gastric diseases (GDs). Nutraceuticals with antioxidant activity derived from macroalgae represent promising preventive strategies. However, Chilean macroalgae remains poorly explored in the context of GDs, particularly associated with oxidative stress. This study evaluated the antioxidant and cytoprotective properties of crude aqueous and ethanolic extracts from green, brown, and red macroalgae collected along the north–central coast of Chile. Methods: Crude extracts were prepared from green, brown, and red macroalgae and evaluated for antioxidant activity via ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays. Using hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in GES-1 gastric epithelial cells, we assessed cell viability (MTS assay), intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels (time-lapse confocal microscopy), and apoptosis (active caspase-3 detection). Results: All extracts exhibited antioxidant activity; the red macroalgae Gracilaria chilensis displayed the highest flavonoid content (up to 2.24 mg QE/g dw). Notably, extracts from G. chilensis, S. gaudichaudii, and M. canaliculata preserved GES-1 cell viability under hydrogen peroxide-induced stress, outperforming green and brown species, demonstrating the superior cytoprotective capacity of red macroalgae compared to other groups. Furthermore, G. chilensis extracts significantly reduced intracellular ROS levels and attenuated ROS-induced apoptosis. Conclusions: Red macroalgae extracts, particularly G. chilensis, exhibit strong antioxidant and cytoprotective effects. Our findings demonstrate that these species outperform green and brown macroalgae, addressing a gap in knowledge regarding Chilean marine resources. These results support their potential development as nutraceuticals for the prevention of oxidative stress-related gastric diseases and highlight red macroalgae as a valuable source of bioactive compounds for diet-based preventive strategies. Full article

Bacopa monnieri (BM) is a traditional medicinal herb that has been reported to have neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing properties. In this study, the antioxidant, safety, and neuroprotective properties of BM extract (BME) were assessed in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) model of cognitive impairment. Ethanol was used for extraction, after which the ethanolic extract was profiled to characterize total phenolic and flavonoid content and major bioactive constituents. The assessment of antioxidant activity was done through several in vitro tests (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, NBT, OARC, and metal chelation). Toxicity was assessed in Caenorhabditis elegans using pharyngeal pumping and food clearance tests. For in vivo evaluation, rats were pre-treated with BME, and then LPS was administered, followed by evaluation of cognitive performance by the Morris water maze and Y-maze test. Phytochemical examination revealed the existence of phenolics and flavonoids, as well as bacoside A components. The extract showed good antioxidant activity, mainly via hydrogen atom transfer and single-electron transfer, suggesting effective radical scavenging and reducing ability, but no metal chelating activity was observed. Toxicity tests demonstrated that lower concentrations of the extract were well tolerated, and higher concentrations resulted in temporary inhibition of feeding behavior, indicating mild, dose-dependent effects. In the LPS-induced rat model, the inflammatory challenge produced significant cognitive deficits relative to normal controls, validating the model. Pre-treatment with BME at 70 mg/kg did not produce statistically significant rescue of any behavioral endpoint compared with the LPS-only group, although small-to-medium effect sizes in the protective direction were observed for several measures. Additionally, BME modulated LPS-induced neuroinflammatory responses by reducing cortical IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, and COX-2 levels while enhancing hippocampal AChE and PGE2 activity, suggesting region-specific anti-inflammatory and cholinergic regulatory effects. The most robust positive findings of this study are therefore the phytochemical characterization and the in vitro antioxidant profile of this standardized extract, which support its potential as a candidate for further investigation in inflammation-related cognitive impairment; the in vivo findings are preliminary and warrant confirmation in larger-scale, dose-ranging studies. Full article

To meet the demand for superabsorbent, long-acting water-retentive, and recyclable hydrogel materials in landscaping applications, a series of AG-PAA/DA composite hydrogels were prepared using agarose (AG) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) as the network backbone, incorporating different mass fractions (2–30%) of dopamine (DA) via free radical polymerization initiated by ultraviolet light. The effects of DA content on the chemical structure, morphology, thermal stability, mechanical properties, water retention behavior, swelling kinetics, and cyclic water absorption–desorption performance were systematically investigated. The results show that DA is successfully integrated into the AG-PAA network through hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, and covalent crosslinking, forming an amorphous homogeneous system. Thermal stability increases with DA content (residual mass at 800 °C rises from 77% to 88%). Mechanical properties exhibit a trend of increasing stress but decreasing strain, with optimal toughness (~670 kJ/m³) achieved at 10 wt% DA. Water retention performance is environment-dependent: in pure water, water retention increases with higher DA content, whereas in soil the opposite trend is observed. The kinetics of swelling conform to the pseudo-second-order model. The hydrogel with 10 wt% DA exhibits an equilibrium water absorption of 50 g/g in 0.9% saline solution and 1060 g/g in deionized water, and after 20 swelling–deswelling cycles the capacity retention fluctuates by less than 5%, demonstrating excellent cyclic stability. Considering all properties, AG-PAA/DA-10 is identified as the optimal formulation. This hydrogel combines high water absorption capacity, good environmental adaptability, and recyclability, showing great promise for water-saving irrigation in landscaping. Full article

This study presents experimental investigations of a hydrogen power unit operating on hydrogen–oxygen gas mixtures produced by water electrolysis (HHO gas). The system was operated with additional molecular hydrogen enrichment in order to investigate the influence of hydrogen concentration on combustion characteristics and system performance. The flame temperature of the HHO + H₂ mixture was measured as a function of hydrogen concentration. The results show that the flame temperature increases nonlinearly with hydrogen content, approaching ~2800 °C under the investigated conditions at about 30 vol.% hydrogen in the enriched mixture. Despite the increase in flame temperature, the effective calorific value of the HHO + H₂ mixture remains significantly lower than that of pure hydrogen because the electrolysis-derived gas contains oxygen and excess water vapor. The presence of water vapor acts as a thermal diluent, influencing combustion behavior and suppressing autoignition under the investigated operating conditions. Optimal operating parameters for the hydrogen power unit were determined from experimental measurements. The results indicate that hydrogen-enriched HHO mixtures can be operated safely under controlled conditions and may represent a potential working medium for hydrogen-based energy conversion systems. Full article

Hydrogen energy represents a crucial clean energy carrier and plays a critical role in achieving the national strategic goals of carbon neutrality and peak carbon emissions. Pipeline transportation is currently the most economical and efficient method for hydrogen delivery. However, most existing hydrogen pipelines worldwide utilize low-alloy steels, which are prone to hydrogen embrittlement (HE) during hydrogen transportation, leading to degradation of mechanical properties in pipeline steels. Since material composition and microstructure directly govern pipeline steel performance, this study systematically investigates the effects of compositional variations among three X65-grade pipeline steels on their microstructural evolution and hydrogen embrittlement resistance. Key findings include reducing Mn content enhances hydrogen embrittlement resistance by refining grain size and increasing the proportion of low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs); cementite phases act as preferential hydrogen trapping sites, significantly reducing hydrogen resistance; and strain rate dependency of HE susceptibility is confirmed, as under slower strain rates, hydrogen interacts with dislocations, promoting brittle fracture mechanisms. This work provides practical mechanism insights for optimizing hydrogen-resistant pipeline steel design through compositional regulation and microstructural engineering. Full article

This study developed a composite solidification system for silt from the Yellow River Basin, utilizing calcium carbide slag, ground granulated blast-furnace slag, and desulfurized gypsum, in conjunction with the xanthan gum biopolymer. A Box–Behnken Design and Response Surface Methodology were employed, and the 14-day unconfined compressive strength was set as the focus of this investigation, with four variables examined: the content of the soil stabilizer, the xanthan gum-to-soil stabilizer ratio, the calcium carbide slag-to-soil stabilizer ratio, and the ratio of desulfurized gypsum to the soil stabilizer. The regression model demonstrated high significance (R² = 0.9798), with the xanthan gum ratio exerting the most substantial influence on the soil strength. The optimal proportions were determined to be 4.01% soil stabilizer content, 0.080 xanthan gum ratio, 0.143 calcium carbide slag ratio, and 0.110 desulfurized gypsum ratio. Microstructural analysis revealed that xanthan gum maintained hydration humidity through hydrogen bonding, facilitating the formation of C-(A)-S-H gels and ettringite crystals. This organic–inorganic structure effectively reduces porosity, although excess xanthan gum can impede hydration. This approach advances the sustainable utilization of industrial waste and environmentally friendly stabilization of the Yellow River silt. Full article