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16 pages, 276 KiB  
Article
Fish Meal Replacement with a Combination of Meat Meal and Chicken Byproduct Meal on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, Biochemical Parameters and Muscle Composition of Juvenile Red Seabream (Pagrus major)
by Buddhi E. Gunathilaka, Seong-Mok Jeong, Byung-Hwa Min, Jinho Bae, Sang-Woo Hur, Sang-Guan You and Sang-Min Lee
Animals 2025, 15(11), 1581; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15111581 - 28 May 2025
Viewed by 469
Abstract
A combination of meat meal (MM) and chicken byproduct meal (CBM) were evaluated as fish meal (FM) replacers in the diets of juvenile red seabream (Pagrus major). The control diet was formulated with 60% FM (CON). Four other diets were designed [...] Read more.
A combination of meat meal (MM) and chicken byproduct meal (CBM) were evaluated as fish meal (FM) replacers in the diets of juvenile red seabream (Pagrus major). The control diet was formulated with 60% FM (CON). Four other diets were designed by reducing the FM levels to 45, 30, 15, and 0% by adding 14, 28, 42, and 56% MM and CBM in a 1:1 ratio to compensate for the reduced protein level (designated as MC14, MC28, MC42, and MC56, respectively). Red seabream (averaging 4.57 g) were distributed among 15 fiberglass tanks (40 fish/tank) and assigned to one of three replicates of the diet. After an eight-week long feeding trial, the growth performance of the fish fed the CON, MC14, and MC28 diets were comparable with the control group, and were significantly higher than the MC42 and MC56 groups. Feed utilization was significantly higher in the MC28 group compared to the other groups. The lowest growth and feed utilization were observed in the MC56 group. Serum lysozyme and SOD activities were significantly reduced when the dietary FM level decreased. Plasma total cholesterol levels were significantly reduced when the FM level was decreased in the diets, exhibiting a significant linear trend. The CON group exhibited a significantly higher cholesterol level compared to the MC42 and MC56 groups. The muscle amino acid profile was not significantly affected. The muscle myristic acid (14:0) was significantly decreased, while the palmitic acid (16:0) level increased with the increase of MM and CBM in the diets. Therefore, the results indicate that the combination of MM and CBM can be used to replace 50% of the FM from the red seabream diets without negative influences compared to a diet containing 60% FM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Alternative Protein Sources for Animal Feeds)
10 pages, 4149 KiB  
Case Report
The Gollop–Wolfgang Complex: A Case Report
by Jun-Bum Kim, Byung-Ryul Lee, Jong-Seok Park, Chang-Hwa Hong, Sai-Won Kwon, Woo-Jong Kim, Soon-Do Wang, Dong-Woo Lee, Kyeung-Min Nam and Ki-Jin Jung
Pediatr. Rep. 2025, 17(2), 47; https://doi.org/10.3390/pediatric17020047 - 16 Apr 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 564
Abstract
Background: The Gollop–Wolfgang complex is a rare congenital limb deformity characterized by a bifid femur, tibial hemimelia, and ectrodactyly of the hand. First described in 1980, fewer than 200 cases have been reported globally, with an estimated incidence of 1:1,000,000 live births. Case [...] Read more.
Background: The Gollop–Wolfgang complex is a rare congenital limb deformity characterized by a bifid femur, tibial hemimelia, and ectrodactyly of the hand. First described in 1980, fewer than 200 cases have been reported globally, with an estimated incidence of 1:1,000,000 live births. Case Presentation: We report a 2-month-old female infant with classic features of the Gollop–Wolfgang complex, including a left bifid femur, complete absence of the left tibia, and contralateral tetradactyly. A clinical examination revealed significant limb length discrepancy, knee instability, equinovarus foot deformity, and skeletal abnormalities confirmed by imaging studies. Extensive investigations, including echocardiography and genetic testing, excluded systemic anomalies and identified non-pathogenic variants in the Collagen Type XI Alpha 2 (COL11A2) and EVC2 genes. A surgical resection of the bifid femur was performed. Results: This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach in managing the Gollop–Wolfgang complex. While our case presented with typical features, subtle variations highlight the phenotypic spectrum of the condition. The combination of tibial hemimelia and bifid femur frequently necessitates knee disarticulation due to the absence of a viable tibial anlage, while limb salvage techniques remain challenging. A genetic evaluation identified variants of uncertain significance in the COL11A2 and EVC2 genes, indicating that the genetic basis of the condition is not fully understood. Conclusions: These findings emphasize the need for continued genetic research to clarify the etiology of the Gollop–Wolfgang complex and to improve treatment strategies, particularly in refining surgical approaches and exploring new therapeutic options. Full article
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15 pages, 854 KiB  
Protocol
Efficacy and Safety of Virtual Reality-Based Versus Traditional Emotion-to-Emotion Therapy for Treatment of Hwa-Byung: A Protocol for a Single-Center, Randomized, Assessor-Blind, Parallel-Group Clinical Trial
by Hye Jeong Kook, Dong Hoon Kang, Yang Chun Park, Nam Kwen Kim, Hyung Won Kang and In Chul Jung
Healthcare 2024, 12(23), 2407; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12232407 - 30 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1530
Abstract
Background: Hwa-Byung is a culturally bound syndrome prevalent in Korea, characterized by intense emotional distress and physical symptoms related to suppressed anger. Patients frequently report experiencing chest tightness, heat sensations, and globus pharyngeus (the sensation of a lump in the throat). These physical [...] Read more.
Background: Hwa-Byung is a culturally bound syndrome prevalent in Korea, characterized by intense emotional distress and physical symptoms related to suppressed anger. Patients frequently report experiencing chest tightness, heat sensations, and globus pharyngeus (the sensation of a lump in the throat). These physical symptoms often accompany psychological distress and can exacerbate the sense of frustration and helplessness associated with the condition. The distinctive presentation of these symptoms highlights the necessity for therapeutic interventions that address both the emotional and physical aspects of Hwa-Byung. Conventional therapeutic methods, such as Emotion-to-Emotion Therapy (ETE), have shown efficacy in treating this condition. This study aims to assess the efficacy of Virtual Reality-based Emotion-to-Emotion Therapy (VR-based ETE) compared to conventional ETE, utilizing immersive digital platforms to enhance therapeutic engagement. Methods: This single-center, randomized, assessor-blind, parallel-group clinical trial will enroll 96 participants, evenly divided into two experimental groups and one control group. Over eight weeks, each participant will undergo 12 intervention sessions. Experimental group 1 will receive conventional ETE, experimental group 2 will receive VR-based ETE, and the control group will receive Hwa-Byung management training materials. The primary outcome will be the change in symptoms, measured by the Likert Scale for Major Symptoms of Hwa-Byung from baseline to 8 weeks. Secondary outcomes will include psychometric scales and physiological measures such as the core seven-emotions inventory short form, physical health questionnaire, stress response index, Beck depression inventory, state-trait anger expression inventory, state-trait anxiety inventory, functional near-infrared spectroscopy, and heart rate variability. For economic efficiency assessment, quality-adjusted life-years will be the primary outcome using the EuroQol-5 dimension, and the secondary outcome will be using the EuroQol visual analog scale. Discussion: ETE is a recognized oriental psychotherapy that enhances symptom management, self-regulation, and stress coping. VR is expected to deepen treatment immersion. By combining these strengths, VR-ETE may further improve emotion regulation and alleviate psychosomatic symptoms. If successful, this study will not only advance the treatment of Hwa-Byung but also contribute to the modernization of traditional Korean medicine through the integration of digital therapies. Full article
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13 pages, 1109 KiB  
Article
Evaluating the Impact of an Online Mindfulness Program on Healthcare Workers in Korean Medicine Institutions: A Two-Year Retrospective Study
by Chan-Young Kwon
Healthcare 2024, 12(22), 2238; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12222238 - 10 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1600
Abstract
Background/Objectives: This retrospective study evaluated the effectiveness of a two-year online mindfulness program (five biweekly sessions) combined with a smartphone application for healthcare workers (HCWs) in Korean medicine (KM) institutions. Methods: Twenty-three participants, including KM University students, KM doctors, and nurses, [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: This retrospective study evaluated the effectiveness of a two-year online mindfulness program (five biweekly sessions) combined with a smartphone application for healthcare workers (HCWs) in Korean medicine (KM) institutions. Methods: Twenty-three participants, including KM University students, KM doctors, and nurses, completed a 9-week online mindfulness program in 2023 or 2024. The pre- and post-intervention surveys assessed subjective health status (SHS), knowledge of mind–body modalities (MBMs), hwa-byung (HB) symptoms, emotional labor (EL), burnout, and program satisfaction. Results: Participants showed significant improvements in SHS (p = 0.008) and MBM knowledge (p = 0.035). HB personality scores decreased significantly (p = 0.027), while the reduction in HB symptoms approached statistical significance (p = 0.052). The frequency of interactions among job-focused EL increased (p = 0.003). The subgroup analysis revealed significant reductions in HB personality traits (p = 0.017) and symptoms (p = 0.006) among practicing KM doctors and nurses. No significant changes were observed in burnout levels. Participants reported high satisfaction (median 8.00 [IQR 8.0–9.0]) and willingness to recommend the program (median 5.00 [IQR 4.0–5.0]). Conclusions: Analysis of the 2-year results suggests that the online mindfulness program effectively improved SHS, MBM knowledge, and HB-related symptoms among HCWs in KM institutions, particularly among practicing professionals. High satisfaction rates indicated the acceptability of the program. Future research should use larger sample sizes and randomized controlled designs to further validate these findings and explore long-term outcomes. This intervention shows promise as a tool to promote mental health in Korean healthcare settings. Full article
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13 pages, 782 KiB  
Article
Hwa-Byung (Anger Syndrome) in the MZ Generation of Republic of Korea: A Survey
by Chan-Young Kwon, Ju Yeob Kim and So Yeong Park
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(22), 6667; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13226667 - 6 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2113
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Hwa-byung (HB), traditionally observed in middle-aged Korean women, was investigated among the MZ generation in Republic of Korea to investigate its prevalence, associated factors, and perceptions. Methods: An online survey was conducted with 449 Korean adults in the Republic of [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Hwa-byung (HB), traditionally observed in middle-aged Korean women, was investigated among the MZ generation in Republic of Korea to investigate its prevalence, associated factors, and perceptions. Methods: An online survey was conducted with 449 Korean adults in the Republic of Korea born between 1980 and 2005. The participants completed questionnaires that assessed HB symptoms, emotional labor, psychological distress, and HB perceptions. Data were analyzed using Chi-squared tests, t-tests, and bivariate logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of HB in the MZ generation was 36.3%. Significant HB predictors included female sex (odds ratio [OR] = 2.314), poor subjective health (OR = 3.207), higher HB trait scores (OR = 1.155), depression (OR = 1.145), and state anger (OR = 1.087). Only 44.54% of the participants were aware that HB is a diagnosed mental disorder and 34.97% knew that it could be treated at traditional Korean medicine (TKM) clinics. Despite the limited awareness, 49% expressed interest in TKM treatment for HB, in which acupuncture, herbal medicine, and mind–body medicine are the preferred modalities. Conclusions: This study revealed a high HB prevalence among the MZ generation in the Republic of Korea, which challenges traditional perceptions of this syndrome. These findings highlight the need to reevaluate HB conceptualization and treatment approaches for younger generations. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies, qualitative investigations of the evolving HB cultural context, and the development of targeted awareness and intervention programs to address this significant mental health issue in contemporary Korean society. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis of Neuropsychiatric Disorders)
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15 pages, 5035 KiB  
Article
Development and Optimization of a Redox Enzyme-Based Fluorescence Biosensor for the Identification of MsrB1 Inhibitors
by Hyun Bo Shim, Hyunjeong Lee, Hwa Yeon Cho, Young Ho Jo, Lionel Tarrago, Hyunggee Kim, Vadim N. Gladyshev and Byung Cheon Lee
Antioxidants 2024, 13(11), 1348; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13111348 - 2 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1546
Abstract
MsrB1 is a thiol-dependent enzyme that reduces protein methionine-R-sulfoxide and regulates inflammatory response in macrophages. Therefore, MsrB1 could be a promising therapeutic target for the control of inflammation. To identify MsrB1 inhibitors, we construct a redox protein-based fluorescence biosensor composed of [...] Read more.
MsrB1 is a thiol-dependent enzyme that reduces protein methionine-R-sulfoxide and regulates inflammatory response in macrophages. Therefore, MsrB1 could be a promising therapeutic target for the control of inflammation. To identify MsrB1 inhibitors, we construct a redox protein-based fluorescence biosensor composed of MsrB1, a circularly permutated fluorescent protein, and the thioredoxin1 in a single polypeptide chain. This protein-based biosensor, named RIYsense, efficiently measures protein methionine sulfoxide reduction by ratiometric fluorescence increase. We used it for high-throughput screening of potential MsrB1 inhibitors among 6868 compounds. A total of 192 compounds were selected based on their ability to reduce relative fluorescence intensity by more than 50% compared to the control. Then, we used molecular docking simulations of the compound on MsrB1, affinity assays, and MsrB1 activity measurement to identify compounds with reliable and strong inhibitory effects. Two compounds were selected as MsrB1 inhibitors: 4-[5-(4-ethylphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydropyrazol-2-yl]benzenesulfonamide and 6-chloro-10-(4-ethylphenyl)pyrimido[4,5-b]quinoline-2,4-dione. They are heterocyclic, polyaromatic compounds with a substituted phenyl moiety interacting with the MsrB1 active site, as revealed by docking simulation. These compounds were found to decrease the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 and IL-1rn, leading to auricular skin swelling and increased thickness in an ear edema model, effectively mimicking the effects observed in MsrB1 knockout mice. In summary, using a novel redox protein-based fluorescence biosensor, we identified potential MsrB1 inhibitors that can regulate the inflammatory response, particularly by influencing the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines. These compounds are promising tools for understanding MsrB1’s role during inflammation and eventually controlling inflammation in therapeutic approaches. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Redox Biosensor)
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12 pages, 825 KiB  
Article
Development of a Short-Form Hwa-Byung Symptom Scale Using Machine Learning Approaches
by Chan-Young Kwon, Boram Lee, Sung-Hee Kim, Seok Chan Jeong and Jong-Woo Kim
Diagnostics 2024, 14(21), 2419; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14212419 - 30 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1271
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Hwa-byung (HB), also known as “anger syndrome” or “fire illness”, is a culture-bound syndrome primarily observed among Koreans. This study aims to develop a short-form version of the HB symptom scale using machine learning approaches. Methods: Utilizing exploratory factor analysis (EFA) [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Hwa-byung (HB), also known as “anger syndrome” or “fire illness”, is a culture-bound syndrome primarily observed among Koreans. This study aims to develop a short-form version of the HB symptom scale using machine learning approaches. Methods: Utilizing exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and various machine learning techniques (i.e., XGBoost, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, and Multi-Layer Perceptron), we sought to create an efficient HB assessment tool. A survey was conducted on 500 Korean adults using the original 15-item HB symptom scale. Results: The EFA revealed two distinct factors: psychological symptoms and somatic manifestations of HB. Statistical testing showed no significant differences between using different numbers of items per factor (ANOVA: F = 0.8593, p = 0.5051), supporting a minimalist approach with one item per factor. The resulting two-item short-form scale (Q3 and Q10) demonstrated high predictive power for the presence of HB. Multiple machine learning models achieved a consistent accuracy (90.00% for most models) with high discriminative ability (AUC = 0.9436–0.9579), with the Multi-Layer Perceptron showing the highest performance (AUC = 0.9579). The models showed balanced performance in identifying both HB and non-HB cases, with precision and recall values consistently around 0.90. Conclusions: The findings of this study highlighted the effectiveness of integrating EFA and artificial intelligence via machine learning in developing practical assessment tools. This study contributes to advancing methodological approaches for scale development and offers a model for creating efficient assessments of Korean medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Mental Health Diagnosis and Screening)
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9 pages, 793 KiB  
Article
Efficacy of Postoperative Oral Nutritional Supplements in Geriatric Hip Fracture Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty
by Chang-Hyun Kim, Byung-Ryul Lee, Jong-Seok Park, Jun-Bum Kim, Sai-Won Kwon, Woo-Jong Kim, Ki-Jin Jung, Byung-Woong Jang and Chang-Hwa Hong
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(18), 5580; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13185580 - 20 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2208
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Geriatric hip fracture patients have an increased risk of malnutrition. Proper nutritional supply in the perioperative period is very important for their recovery. Oral nutritional supplements (ONSs) are recommended in geriatric hip fracture patients to improve dietary intake and prevent complications. [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Geriatric hip fracture patients have an increased risk of malnutrition. Proper nutritional supply in the perioperative period is very important for their recovery. Oral nutritional supplements (ONSs) are recommended in geriatric hip fracture patients to improve dietary intake and prevent complications. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of postoperative ONSs after total hip arthroplasty in geriatric hip fracture patients. Methods: A retrospective study of elderly patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty for hip fracture was conducted. Data from patients who received ONSs postoperatively until hospital discharge (ONS group, n = 69) were compared with patients who did not receive ONSs (control group, n = 168). Laboratory test results, including serum protein and albumin levels, length of hospital stay, and the incidence of postoperative medical complications of the two groups, were analyzed. Results: Preoperative serum protein and albumin levels were significantly higher in the control group (p = 0.002 and p = 0.010, respectively). However, the degree of decline for both protein and albumin levels was significantly less in the ONS group (p < 0.001 for both). Serum albumin levels were significantly higher in the ONS group at postoperative two-week follow-up (p = 0.006). The length of hospital stay was shorter in the ONS group (p < 0.001). The incidence of postoperative delirium was significantly higher in the control group (p = 0.007). Conclusions: In geriatric hip fracture patients, postoperative ONSs can improve postoperative nutritional status, shorten the length of hospital stay, and reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Orthopedics)
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13 pages, 543 KiB  
Article
Clinical Manifestations, Macrolide Resistance, and Treatment Utilization Trends of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia in Children and Adolescents in South Korea
by Joon Kee Lee, Taekjin Lee, Yae-Jean Kim, Doo Ri Kim, Areum Shin, Hyun Mi Kang, Ye Ji Kim, Dong Hyun Kim, Byung Wook Eun, Young June Choe, Hyunju Lee, Young Min Cho, Eun Young Cho, Kyung Min Kim, Byung Ok Kwak, Su Eun Park, Kyo Jin Jo, Jae Hong Choi, Dayun Kang, Eun Hwa Choi and Ki Wook Yunadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Microorganisms 2024, 12(9), 1806; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12091806 - 31 Aug 2024
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3923
Abstract
A resurgence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP)—the leading cause of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia, particularly in children—occurred following the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to investigate the clinical manifestations, macrolide resistance patterns, and therapeutic approaches related to the MP pneumonia epidemic. Children and adolescents diagnosed with [...] Read more.
A resurgence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP)—the leading cause of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia, particularly in children—occurred following the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to investigate the clinical manifestations, macrolide resistance patterns, and therapeutic approaches related to the MP pneumonia epidemic. Children and adolescents diagnosed with MP pneumonia in September–December 2023 were screened. Clinical data were retrospectively collected from 13 major hospitals using concordant microbiological criteria, including either a positive PCR result or four-fold increase in serological markers. Demographic characteristics, treatment modalities, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Of the 474 screened patients, 374 (median age: 7.7 [IQR, 5.4–9.6] years; hospitalization rate: 88.6%) met the microbiological confirmation criteria. Most patients experienced fever (98.9%), and lobular/lobar consolidation (59.1%) was the dominant radiological finding. The macrolide resistance rate remained high at 87.0%; corticosteroids were widely used (55.6%) alongside macrolides, despite resistance. Patients with consolidation had prolonged fever (median 8 vs. 7 days, p = 0.020) and higher hospitalization rates (92.3% vs. 83.0%, p = 0.008). Macrolide resistance did not significantly influence radiological outcomes. This study highlights the ongoing challenge of macrolide resistance in MP pneumonia and need for tailored therapeutic approaches. Despite high resistance, macrolides remain commonly prescribed, often concurrently with corticosteroids. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Microbial Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance)
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14 pages, 3821 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Anti-Obesity Effects of Euphorbia Kansui Extract through Macrophage and Gut Microbiota Modulation: A Real-World Clinical and In Vivo Study
by Ji-Won Noh, Jung-Hwa Yoo and Byung-Cheol Lee
Pharmaceuticals 2024, 17(9), 1131; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17091131 - 27 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1757
Abstract
Rising obesity and associated multi-systemic complications amplify the health burden. Euphorbia kansui (EK) extract is clinically recognized for managing obesity. In a human study, 240 obese individuals were categorized into two cohorts: those receiving solely herbal medicine (HM group) and those administered EK [...] Read more.
Rising obesity and associated multi-systemic complications amplify the health burden. Euphorbia kansui (EK) extract is clinically recognized for managing obesity. In a human study, 240 obese individuals were categorized into two cohorts: those receiving solely herbal medicine (HM group) and those administered EK concomitantly with herbal medicine (EK group). An in vivo examination using C57BL/6-Lepob/Lepob mice elucidated mechanisms involving macrophages and gut microbiota with associated metabolic advantages. The clinical study revealed a significant 7.22% body weight reduction during 91.55 average treatment days and examined 16.71% weight loss at 300 days after treatment. In whole subjects, 60.4%, 21.3%, and 6.3% achieved weight reductions exceeding 5%, 10%, and 15%, respectively. Impressively, the EK group exhibited superior weight loss compared to the HM group (EK: −7.73% vs. HM: −6.27%, p = 0.012). The anti-obesity effect was positively associated with EK therapy frequency and herbal medicine duration. In the in vivo study, EK significantly improved insulin sensitivity and mitigated infiltration of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) by modulating the CD11c+ and CD206+ subtypes. EK also correlated with increased Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes populations and reduced Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. Consequently, EK is an effective adjunctive anti-obesity therapy offering metabolic benefits by modulating ATMs and gut microbiota profiles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-obesity and Anti-aging Natural Products)
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16 pages, 24286 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Metabolic Effects of a Herbal Remedy of Asarum sieboldii, Platycodon grandiflorum, and Cinnamomum cassia Extracts: Unraveling Its Therapeutic Potential as a Topical Application for Atopic Dermatitis Treatment
by Gakyung Lee, Byung Hwa Jung, Taemin Lee, Jae Hyeon Park, Hyung Sik Kim, Hocheol Kim and Hyun Ok Yang
Antioxidants 2024, 13(5), 563; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13050563 - 2 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2628
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that our novel herbal remedy, a mixture of Asarum sieboldii, Platycodon grandiflorum, and Cinnamomum Cassia extracts, exhibits a therapeutic effect in 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-induced mice by inhibiting the Th-2 inflammatory response upon oral administration. It also ameliorated imbalances [...] Read more.
Our previous study demonstrated that our novel herbal remedy, a mixture of Asarum sieboldii, Platycodon grandiflorum, and Cinnamomum Cassia extracts, exhibits a therapeutic effect in 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-induced mice by inhibiting the Th-2 inflammatory response upon oral administration. It also ameliorated imbalances in lipid metabolism related to the skin barrier function in keratinocytes, indicating its potential as a topical agent. This study aims to further investigate the therapeutic effects and metabolic mechanisms of its topical application. The anti-atopic effect was evaluated using dermatitis scores, histopathological analysis, and immune cell factors in DNCB-induced mice. Metabolomic profiling of serum and lesional skin was conducted to elucidate the metabolic mechanisms. The topical application significantly reduced dermatitis scores, mast cell infiltration, and serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE), IFN-γ, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-17, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), demonstrating its effectiveness in treating atopic dermatitis (AD). Serum metabolomics revealed alterations in fatty acid metabolism related to the pro-inflammatory response. In lesional skin, metabolic markers associated with oxidative stress, immune regulation, and AD symptoms were restored. This study demonstrated its potential as a topical agent in suppressing Th-2 inflammatory responses and improving metabolic abnormalities related to AD symptoms, providing crucial insights for developing natural AD treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Plant Extracts and Their Therapeutic Effects)
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12 pages, 3799 KiB  
Article
The Outcomes of Mini-Plate Fixation for Unstable Wagstaffe Tubercle Fracture, an Indirect Syndesmosis Injury in Rotational Ankle Fracture
by Byung-Ryul Lee, Ki-Jin Jung, Eui-Dong Yeo, Sung-Hun Won, Yong-Cheol Hong, Chang-Hwa Hong, Chang-Hyun Kim, Ho-Sung Kim, Jae-Young Ji, Je-Yeon Byeon, Dhong-Won Lee and Woo-Jong Kim
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(6), 1605; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13061605 - 11 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1923
Abstract
Background: Wagstaffe fracture constitutes an indirect injury to the AITFL and can precipitate syndesmotic instability. The prevailing fixation methods often involve the use of mini-screws or K-wires, with absorbable suture repair reserved for cases with small or comminuted fragments exhibiting instability. In this [...] Read more.
Background: Wagstaffe fracture constitutes an indirect injury to the AITFL and can precipitate syndesmotic instability. The prevailing fixation methods often involve the use of mini-screws or K-wires, with absorbable suture repair reserved for cases with small or comminuted fragments exhibiting instability. In this study, we devised a mini-plate fixation method capable of securing the fracture fragment irrespective of its size or condition. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients who underwent surgery for ankle fractures between May 2022 and October 2023. The surgical technique involved direct fixation of the Wagstaffe fracture using mini-plate fixation. Radiologic evaluation was performed using postoperative CT images, and clinical outcomes were assessed using the OMAS and VAS. Results: Fourteen patients with an average age of 62.5 years were included. Most fractures were associated with the supination-external rotation type. The average preoperative OMAS significantly improved from 5.95 to 83.57 postoperatively. The average VAS score decreased from 7.95 preoperatively to 0.19 postoperatively. Conclusions: The mini-plate technique for Wagstaffe fractures exhibited dependable fixation strength, effective fracture reduction, a minimal complication rate, and judicious surgical procedure duration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Advances in Orthopedic Trauma Surgery)
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20 pages, 9721 KiB  
Article
Preclinical Efficacy of Peripheral Nerve Regeneration by Schwann Cell-like Cells Differentiated from Human Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in C22 Mice
by Yu Hwa Nam, Saeyoung Park, Yoonji Yum, Soyeon Jeong, Hyo Eun Park, Ho Jin Kim, Jaeseung Lim, Byung-Ok Choi and Sung-Chul Jung
Biomedicines 2023, 11(12), 3334; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11123334 - 17 Dec 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3557
Abstract
Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT) is a hereditary disease with heterogeneous phenotypes and genetic causes. CMT type 1A (CMT1A) is a type of disease affecting the peripheral nerves and is caused by the duplication of the peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) gene. Human [...] Read more.
Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT) is a hereditary disease with heterogeneous phenotypes and genetic causes. CMT type 1A (CMT1A) is a type of disease affecting the peripheral nerves and is caused by the duplication of the peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) gene. Human tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (TMSCs) are useful for stem cell therapy in various diseases and can be differentiated into Schwann cell-like cells (TMSC-SCs). We investigated the potential of TMSC-SCs called neuronal regeneration-promoting cells (NRPCs) for peripheral nerve and muscle regeneration in C22 mice, a model for CMT1A. We transplanted NRPCs manufactured in a good manufacturing practice facility into the bilateral thigh muscles of C22 mice and performed behavior and nerve conduction tests and histological and ultrastructural analyses. Significantly, the motor function was much improved, the ratio of myelinated axons was increased, and the G-ratio was reduced by the transplantation of NRPCs. The sciatic nerve and gastrocnemius muscle regeneration of C22 mice following the transplantation of NRPCs downregulated PMP22 overexpression, which was observed in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that NRPCs are feasible for clinical research for the treatment of CMT1A patients. Research applying NRPCs to other peripheral nerve diseases is also needed. Full article
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11 pages, 693 KiB  
Article
High ApoB/ApoA-I Ratio Predicts Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients with Large Artery Atherosclerosis
by Minwoo Lee, Jae-Sung Lim, Yerim Kim, Soo Hyun Park, Sang-Hwa Lee, Chulho Kim, Byung-Chul Lee, Kyung-Ho Yu, Jae-Jun Lee and Mi Sun Oh
Nutrients 2023, 15(21), 4670; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15214670 - 4 Nov 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2347
Abstract
Background: We aimed to investigate the association between the ApoB/ApoA-I ratio and post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) in patients with acute stroke of large artery atherosclerosis etiology. Methods: Prospective stroke registry data were used to consecutively enroll patients with acute ischemic stroke due to [...] Read more.
Background: We aimed to investigate the association between the ApoB/ApoA-I ratio and post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) in patients with acute stroke of large artery atherosclerosis etiology. Methods: Prospective stroke registry data were used to consecutively enroll patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large artery atherosclerosis. Cognitive function assessments were conducted 3 to 6 months after stroke. PSCI was defined as a z-score of less than −2 standard deviations from age, sex, and education-adjusted means in at least one cognitive domain. The ApoB/ApoA-I ratio was calculated, and patients were categorized into five groups according to quintiles of the ratio. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association between quintiles of the ApoB/ApoA-I ratio and PSCI. Results: A total of 263 patients were included, with a mean age of 65.9 ± 11.6 years. The median NIHSS score and ApoB/ApoA-I ratio upon admission were 2 (IQR, 1–5) and 0.81 (IQR, 0.76–0.88), respectively. PSCI was observed in 91 (34.6%) patients. The highest quintile (Q5) of the ApoB/ApoA-I ratio was a significant predictor of PSCI compared to the lowest quintile (Q1) (adjusted OR, 3.16; 95% CI, 1.19–8.41; p-value = 0.021) after adjusting for relevant confounders. Patients in the Q5 group exhibited significantly worse performance in the frontal domain. Conclusions: The ApoB/ApoA-I ratio in the acute stage of stroke independently predicted the development of PSCI at 3–6 months after stroke due to large artery atherosclerosis. Further, a high ApoB/ApoA-I ratio was specifically associated with frontal domain dysfunction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Cognition)
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Article
Impact on Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke of Aortic Arch Calcification on Chest X-ray
by Hyeon Yeong Jeong, Taek Min Nam, Sang Hyuk Lee, Ji Hwan Jang, Young Zoon Kim, Kyu Hong Kim, Kyeong Hwa Ryu, Do-Hyung Kim, Byung Soo Kwan, Hyerang Bak and Seung Hwan Kim
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(19), 6115; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12196115 - 22 Sep 2023
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Abstract
Background: Vascular conditions can affect the recanalization rates after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Chest radiography can assess the conditions of the aortic arch based on the presence or absence of aortic arch calcification (AoAC). The aim of this study [...] Read more.
Background: Vascular conditions can affect the recanalization rates after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Chest radiography can assess the conditions of the aortic arch based on the presence or absence of aortic arch calcification (AoAC). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between AoAC on chest radiography and first-pass successful recanalization (modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction 2b/3 after the first-pass). Methods: We compared the rate of first-pass successful recanalization between patients with and without AoAC. A total of 193 patients with anterior circulation occlusion who underwent EVT between January 2017 and December 2021 were included. Results: AoAC was observed in 80 (41.5%) patients. Patients with AoAC were older (74.5 ± 7.78 vs. 63.9 ± 12.4 years, p < 0.001), had more EVT attempts (3.04 ± 1.95 vs. 2.01 ± 1.34 times, p < 0.001), and a longer procedural time (71.7 ± 31.2 vs. 48.7 ± 23.1 min, p < 0.001) than those without AoAC. Moreover, Patients with AoAC showed a lower incidence of first-pass successful recanalization (18.8% vs. 47.8%, p < 0.001) and a higher incidence of postprocedural hemorrhage (45.0% vs. 27.7%, p = 0.015) than those without AoAC. On multivariate analysis, AoAC was independently associated with first-pass successful recanalization (odds ratio: 0.239 [0.121–0.475], p < 0.001). Conclusions: AoAC on chest radiography can be used as a preoperative predictor of successful first-pass recanalization in patients undergoing EVT for AIS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis of Acute Stroke)
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