Eosinophils are specialized white blood cells, which are involved in the pathology of diverse allergic and nonallergic inflammatory diseases. Eosinophils are traditionally known as cytotoxic effector cells but have been suggested to additionally play...
Mast cells act as key effector cells of inflammatory responses through degranulation. Mast cell degranulation is induced by the activation of cell surface receptors, such as FcεRI, MRGPRX2/B2, and P2RX7. Each receptor, except FcεRI, v...
Humans have developed complex immune systems that defend against invading microbes, including fungal pathogens. Many highly specialized cells of the immune system share the ability to store antimicrobial compounds in membrane bound organelles that ca...
Neutrophils are key effector cells of innate immunity, rapidly recruited to defend the host against invading pathogens. Neutrophils may kill pathogens intracellularly, following phagocytosis, or extracellularly, by degranulation and the release of ne...
Zinc plays an important physiological role in the entire body, especially in the immune system. It is one of the most abundant microelements in our organism and an essential component of enzymes and antibacterial proteins. Zinc levels were reported t...
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of A3R phage and Staphylococcus aureus lysate obtained after phage infection on neutrophil degranulation. The exocytosis of primary and secondary granules from neutrophils was investigated in vi...
NK degranulation plays an important role in the cytotoxic activity of innate immunity in the clearance of intracellular infections and is an important factor in the outcome of the disease. This work has studied NK degranulation and innate immunologic...
Wasp stings have become an increasingly serious public health problem because of their high incidence and mortality rates in various countries and regions. Mastoparan family peptides are the most abundant natural peptides in hornet venoms and solitar...
Anaphylaxis, an allergic reaction caused by the massive release of active mediators, can lead to anaphylactic shock (AS), the most severe and potentially life-threatening form of anaphylactic reaction. Nevertheless, understanding of its pathophysiolo...
Severe COVID-19 is characterized by systematic hyper-inflammation and subsequent damage to various organs. Therefore, it is critical to trace this cascade of hyper-inflammation. Blood transcriptome has been routinely utilized in the interrogation of...
Upon degranulation, basophils and mast cells secrete an array of inflammatory mediators, including histamine, which leads to not only allergic inflammation but also other inflammatory diseases. We previously reported that an aqueous extract from enzy...
Background and objective: Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease driven by host immune dysregulation, leads to progressive destruction of periodontal tissues. This study employed an integrative approach combining single-cell transcriptomics, h...
Skin mast cells (MCs) mediate acute allergic reactions in the cutaneous environment and contribute to chronic dermatoses, including urticaria, and atopic or contact dermatitis. The cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), an evolutionarily well...
Cuminum cyminum L. (cumin) is an annual plant of the Umbelliferae family native to Egypt. We previously showed that the aqueous extract of cumin seeds suppresses degranulation by downregulating the activation of antigen-induced intracellular signalin...
UV light, especially UVB, is known as a trigger of allergic reaction, leading to mast cell degranulation and histamine release. In this study, phlorotannin Fucofuroeckol-A (F-A) derived from brown algal Ecklonia stolonifera Okamura was evaluated for...
Mast cells (MCs) recognize antigens (Ag) via IgE-bound high affinity IgE receptors (FcεRI) and trigger type I allergic reactions. FcεRI-mediated MC activation is regulated by various G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonists. We rece...
The mechanisms of mast cell (MC) degranulation and MC-driven skin symptoms are well-described. In contrast, data about the role of mitochondrial respiration for immune functions of human skin MCs are lacking. Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in primary...
Background: beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) is one of the major cow’s milk proteins and the most abundant allergen in whey. Heating is a common technologic treatment applied during milk transformational processes. Maillardation of BLG in the presence of red...
Maternal–fetal tolerance mechanisms are crucial during human pregnancy to prevent the immune rejection of the embryo. A well-known mechanism blocking NK-cell cytotoxicity is the interaction of their inhibitory killer-cell immunoglobulin-like re...
Mast cells play a critical role in immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergic diseases, and the degranulation of mast cells is important in the pathogenesis of these diseases. A disturbance of the intestinal microflora, especially of endogenous lactic...
The identification of the Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptors (Mrgpr) as targets of diverse stimuli of mast cells (MCs), including neuropeptides and pseudo-allergy causing drugs, has placed these receptors at a prime position in MC research. Howe...
Food allergy, particularly peanut allergy (PA), is a growing health concern affecting millions globally. PA can lead to severe reactions, including fatal anaphylaxis. Despite the availability of FDA-approved therapies like Palforzia, a cure remains e...
Flavonoids have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, and may alleviate food allergic reactions and intestinal inflammation induced by ω-5 gliadin, a main allergen of wheat food allergy in children. In this study, a hu...
SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, has given rise to one of the largest pandemics, affecting millions worldwide. High neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios have been identified as an important correlate to poor recovery rates in severe COVID-19 pa...
As the relationship between the gut microbiome and allergies becomes better understood, targeted strategies to prevent and treat allergies through gut microbiome modulation are being increasingly developed. In the study presented herein, we screened...
Eosinophils are major effectors of Th2-related pathologies, frequently found infiltrating several human cancers. We recently showed that eosinophils play an essential role in anti-tumor responses mediated by immunotherapy with the ‘alarmin&rsqu...
Clinically relevant exocytosis of mast cell (MC) mediators can be triggered by high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI)-aggregation (allergic route) or by the so-called pseudo-allergic pathway elicited via MAS-related G protein-coupled receptor-X2...
Activating mutations in KIT (CD117) have been associated with several diseases, including gastrointestinal stromal tumors and mastocytosis. Rapidly progressing pathologies or drug resistance highlight the need for alternative treatment strategies. Pr...
Sulforaphane has several effects on the human body, including anti-inflammation, antioxidation, antimicrobial and anti-obesity effects. In this study, we examined the effect of sulforaphane on several neutrophil functions: reactive oxygen species (RO...
Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency (AATD) is characterized by increased risk for emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), vasculitis, and wound-healing impairment. Neutrophils play a central role in the pathogenesis of AATD. Dysregu...
Shenqi is a traditional Chinese polyherbal medicine has been widely used for the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR). The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-allergic rhinitis activity of Shenqi and explore its underlying molecular mechanis...
Peanut allergies, driven by sensitization to key allergens Ara h1, Ara h2, and Ara h3, present significant health risks, particularly in food processing and consumer settings where accidental exposure is frequent. To mitigate this risk, we developed...
Mast cells are the major effector cells that mediate IgE-dependent allergic reactions. We sought to use integrated network analysis to identify genomic biomarkers associated with high response in IgE-mediated activation of primary human mast cells. P...
Caffeic acid (CA), 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3-CQA), and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA) were subjected to treating stimulated mouse P815 mast cells to unravel their antiallergic potential. β-Hexosaminidase release, appearance, morphology change,...
The recent discovery of MRGPRX2 explains mast cell (MC)-dependent symptoms independently of FcεRI-activation. Because of its novelty, signaling cascades triggered by MRGPRX2 are rudimentarily understood, especially in cutaneous MCs, by which...
Sepsis is a major health problem worldwide. It is a time-dependent disease, with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. In this sense, an early diagnosis is essential to reduce these rates. The progressive increase of both the incidence and prevalen...
This study aimed to evaluate the anti-allergic potential of Echium plantagineum L. bee pollen and to characterize its primary metabolites. The activity of E. plantagineum hydromethanolic extract, devoid of alkaloids, was tested against β-hexosaminida...
MCs are tissue-resident immune cells that strategically reside in barrier organs and respond effectively to a wide range of stimuli, such as IL-33, a mediator released upon epithelial damage. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) accumulates at sites of tissu...
Background/Objectives: Migraine is a disease that stands out for its high prevalence and socioeconomic costs. It involves the entire trigeminovascular system, the signaling substances, and their targets. However, the role of meningeal mast cells in m...
Scabies is a common parasitic dermatological infection worldwide that is often neglected. Scabies mites stimulate host inflammatory symptoms via secreted and excreted proteins, which induce basophil and mast cell degranulation and host histamine rele...
Background: Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is an inflammatory disorder where neutrophils play a key role. Excessive neutrophil activation leads to local hypoxia and tissue damage. Most research on neutrophil function has been conducted under a...
Formononetin (FNT) is a plant-derived isoflavone natural product with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-allergic properties. We showed previously that FNT inhibits immunoglobulin E (IgE)-dependent mast cell (MC) activation, but the effect of F...
Background: mast cells play an important role in airway inflammation in asthma. The transient receptor potential melastatin-like 7 (TRPM7) channel is expressed in primary human lung mast cells and plays a critical role for cell survival. This study a...
Platelet extravasation during inflammation is under-appreciated. In wild-type (WT) mice, a central corneal epithelial abrasion initiates neutrophil (PMN) and platelet extravasation from peripheral limbal venules. The same injury in mice expressing lo...
Mast cell degranulation impacts the development of pain and inflammation during tissue injury. We investigated the antinociceptive effect of a combination of cromoglycate and magnesium in the orofacial model of pain and the histological profile of th...
Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are widely used for the treatment of chronic cutaneous inflammation, such as atopic dermatitis, although it remains unknown how they modulate cutaneous mast cell functions. We investigated the effects of prolonged tr...
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is released by epithelial cells following disturbed homeostasis to act as “alarmin” and driver of Th2-immunity. Aberrant TSLP expression is a hallmark of atopic diseases, including atopic dermatitis (AD...
Psychological stress exacerbates mast cell (MC)-dependent inflammation, including nasal allergy, but the underlying mechanisms are not thoroughly understood. Because the key stress-mediating neurohormone, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), induce...
Graves’ disease (GD) is an autoimmune disorder, driven by the appearance of circulating autoantibodies (Ab) against the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor, thus causing hyperthyroidism. While antithyroid drugs, the only available treatm...
Long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFAs) produce cardiovascular benefits by improving endothelial function. Endothelial cells store von Willebrand factor (vWF) in cytoplasmic Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs). We examined whether LC n-...
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