The construction of highly safe and durable buildings that can bear accident damage risks including fire, earthquake, impact, and more, can be considered to be the most important goal in civil engineering technology. An experimental investigation was...
With the rapid development of worldwide computer data center construction, the reliability requirements of the fire-fighting system for data center rooms are also increasing. By using the self-designed simulation platform of liquid nitrogen spray, th...
This work reports the main conclusions of a study on the mechanical behavior of concrete under ISO 834 fire with different cooling methods. The aim of this research was to provide reliable data for the analysis of structures damaged by fire. The expe...
This study investigates the buckling performance of built-up cold-formed steel (CFS) columns, with a focus on how different thermal exposures and cooling strategies influence their susceptibility to various failure mechanisms. Addressing the gap in t...
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cooling rate on the hardness and phase transformation of a Pd-Ag-based metal–ceramic alloy with or without ice-quenching. A total of 28 test specimens, in an as-cast state, were fabricated. A mul...
Background: This study aimed to determine the effects of a standard therapeutic cooling protocol using crushed ice on the elbow to explore if changes in the motor unit (MU) firing rates in the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle are comparable to...
Despite the commercial success of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the risk of thermal runaway, which can lead to dangerous fires, has become more concerning as LIB usage increases. Research has focused on understanding the causes of thermal runaway and...
This paper aims to (1) study ductile fracture behavior, and (2) provide a computational tool for predicting fracture initiation in ASTM A572 Gr. 50 structural steels under axisymmetric tension loading are heated to elevated temperatures and cooled do...
In this study, the influence of different fire conditions on tempered 32CrB3 steel bolts of Grade 8.8 was investigated. In this research different temperatures, heating time, and cooling methods were correlated with the microstructure, hardness, and...
With increasing acceptance of performance-based design principles in the field of fire safety, it is imperative to accurately define the behaviour of materials during fire exposure. Real-world fire events, otherwise referred to as natural fires, are...
The combustion of kerosene with the polymer additive polyisobutylene (PIB) was experimentally investigated. The aim of the study was to measure the effect of PIB kerosene on the efficiency of combustion chamber cooling and the combustion efficiency o...
In this study, we conducted an initial investigation of the post-fire mechanical properties of concrete reinforced with Spanish broom fibers. The mechanical properties were determined at room temperature, and the post-fire mechanical properties were...
A simplified procedure to predict the residual axial capacity and stiffness of both rectangular and circular reinforced concrete (RC) columns after exposure to a standard fire provides the means to replace the current descriptive methods. The availab...
Trigeneration or combined cooling, heat and power (CCHP) systems fueled by raw biogas can be an interesting alternative for supplying electricity and thermal services in remote rural areas where biogas can be produced without requiring sophisticated...
Olefins are crucial building blocks for petrochemical industry, serving as raw materials for the production of various products such as plastics, synthetic fibers, detergents, solvents, and other chemicals. In FCC, heavy petroleum feedstocks are inje...
This research develops a numerical fire model for a converter transformer utilizing the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS). The model’s accuracy was validated through comprehensive evaluations of temperature distribution, radiative heat transfer, an...
Adopting biomass energy as an alternative to fossil fuels for electricity production presents a viable strategy to address the prevailing energy deficits and environmental concerns, although it faces challenges related to suboptimal energy efficiency...
Fire hazard assessment in coal mines is performed on the basis of concentrations of particular gases emitted from the heating coal deposit, but more precise criteria and indicators are needed to assess fire hazard properly—both during the tempe...
The article focuses on analyzing changes in the chemical composition of steel samples after the cooling phase. A few distinct types of samples made of St3S steel were heated in an electric resistance furnace for 1 h. The temperature in the following...
For the engineering structure in case of fire, a fire hydrant is generally used for extinguishing the fire. This paper presents an experimental investigation on interfacial bond behavior of high-strength concrete-filled steel tube (HSCFST) after expo...
With the safety and reliability of the electrical equipment used in information systems becoming more important, prefabricated fire-extinguishing devices using heptafluoropropane as the extinguishing agent have broad application prospects. However, f...
Soil seed banks play an important role in plant species persistence in fire-prone systems. Response to fire related germination cues often reflect historical fire regimes and can be important in maintaining ecotones between different forest types. We...
To mitigate global warming, phasing out coal in the global energy system orderly and rapidly is an important near-term strategy. However, the majority of coal-fired plants in China have operated for less than 15 years. Accelerated coal power plant re...
Determining the ideal size of maintenance staff is a daunting task, especially in the operation of large and complex mechanical systems such as thermal power plants. On the one hand, a significant investment in maintenance is necessary to maintain th...
Dynamical thermomechanical analysis of 5 illite-based clays from deposits in Slovakia, Estonia, Latvia, and Hungary is presented. The clays consist of illite (37–80 mass%), quartz (12–48 mass%), K-feldspar (4–13 mass%), kaolinite (0...
Air-cooling technology has been widely used for its water-saving advantage, and the performance of air-cooled condensers (ACC) has an important impact on the operation status of the unit. In this paper, the performance of ACC in a typical coal-fired...
This paper is devoted to the development of hydrogen-containing, environmentally safe, fire-resistant, and corrosion-protected lubricant cooling liquids (LCLs) from vegetable oils with improved sanitary and hygienic parameters for the machining of pa...
Existing experimental findings often prove insufficient for guiding the design of water mist fire extinguishing systems, primarily due to the multitude of interacting factors that influence extinguishing performance. This paper systematically synthes...
The global energy matrix is going to embrace more and more renewable-based combined energy systems. Therefore, multi-generation energy systems, like CHPs (combined heat and power) could be extremely beneficial for such integrated energy systems. Also...
Ethnographic observations suggest that Indigenous peoples employed a distinct regime of frequent, low-intensity fires in the Australian landscape in the past. However, the timing of this behaviour and its ecological impact remain uncertain. Here, we...
As the main reactor type of the fourth-generation nuclear power systems, sodium-cooled fast reactors are now designed and built worldwide. A sodium pool cooling circulation process is indispensable in a sodium-cooled fast reactor. However, the sodium...
This paper constructs a numerical simulation model for the fire and fire-fighting system of an all-electric vehicle ro-ro passenger ship to study the influence of fire characteristics and fire-fighting system layout parameters on the fire-extinguishi...
A large amount of energy can accumulate and be stored during underground coal fires. As thermal energy cannot be easily removed using the traditional technologies of fire prevention and extinguishment, there is a potential benefit to collecting and u...
Most of the studies involving composite slabs under fire follow the standard fire scenario described by the ISO 834 curve, disregarding the cooling-phase. However, recent studies show that this phase is equally important, as it can lead to the collap...
The change in the value of the breaking energy is discussed here for selected steel grades used in building structures after subjecting the samples made of them to episodes of heating in the steady-state heating regime and then cooling in simulated f...
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) has been widely used in building structures. However, previous research focused only on the mechanical properties and working properties of SCC at room temperature. Thus, there is limited research on the change of compr...
Carbon and stainless steel reinforcing bar behaviour at high temperatures and subsequent cooling is central to fire safety for buildings. This systematic review examines the peer-reviewed literature between 2015 and 2024, concentrating on mechanical...
Effective firefighting of major fires in fuel storage plants can effectively prevent or delay fire spread (domino effect) and eventually extinguish the fire. If the number of firefighting crew and equipment is sufficient, firefighting will include th...
Due to a number of advantages, aluminium is used in the attachment units of mullion and transom systems for decorative panels and translucent fillings, as well as for bridge structures. Despite its advantages, aluminium has a low melting point and do...
Fire is a stable exothermic chain reaction of flammable materials brought together with oxygen or other oxidizing substances under certain conditions, occurring uncontrollably. Fire vehicles interfere with many types of fire, such as wildfires, facto...
In this paper, to reflect a real fire combustion situation of stilted buildings with a typical wooden structure, we used FDS numerical simulation software to study the suppression effect of a fine-water-mist fire-extinguishing system under different...
Nursing home residents often have impaired faculties, which limit their evacuation responses in light of accidents. Specifically, fire accidents can pose significant risks to both residents and property. In this study, we designed a water film coolin...
This article presents the results of tests conducted on a measuring system for monitoring changes in the distribution of temperature in a coal deposit during the heating and cooling phases, and their correlation with the analysis of the concentration...
Fire accidents in electric vehicles are mainly caused by battery fires, and one of the most effective fire suppression methods is to spray water from the bottom of a vehicle in an upward direction. In this study, analyses and experiments were conduct...
To investigate the residual load-bearing capacity of composite steel truss bridge girders after vehicle fire, a 100 m simple supported composite steel truss bridge girder was selected as the research object, and a typical oil tanker fire was taken as...
As a highly effective and environmentally benign suppression agent, liquid nitrogen (LN2) has been widely used for fire extinguishing in plants, dwellings, enclosed underground tunnels, and other confined spaces through cooling and inerting. It is of...
This paper presents the research data of the fire-temperature influence on Portland CEM I (OPC) and calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) types of cement blend composites as cooling materials dedicated for infill and covers in fire systems. The data present t...
Post-installed rebars (PIRs) using mortar can offer bond strength at ambient temperature equal or higher to that of cast-in place rebars. However, high temperatures have the effect of weakening the bond, typically governed by the chemical and physica...
Many materials are highly sensitive to temperature, and the study of the fire resistance of materials is one of the important research directions, which includes the study of the fire resistance of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites, but the c...
Glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) rebars are commonly used as an alternative to conventional steel reinforcement in a variety of structural applications due to their superior low cost, strength-to-weight ratio, and durability. However, their mech...
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