Search Results (393)

Background/Objectives: Obesity care requires nutritional prescriptions that are individualized, nutritionally coherent, understandable, and feasible within high-volume clinical services. We describe the NUTRI-OBEDIGITHUM pathway, which integrates multidimensional digital phenotyping, clinician-supervised exchange-based nutritional prescription, patient-oriented materials, and structured education, and we report preliminary descriptive outcomes from a retrospective real-world cohort. Methods: This descriptive methodological and operational study included a retrospective observational analysis of anonymized routine-care data. NUTRI-OBEDIGITHUM integrates OBEDIGITHUM, a digitally enabled obesity-care pathway, with Dietcamb^®, a software-supported method that translates individualized energy and macronutrient targets into food exchanges, meal distributions, household measures, food lists, and example menus. The source database comprised 3928 unique patients. Among patients with a plausible baseline weight and an observable 6-month window, the eligible outcome was the measurement closest to day 183 within ±60 days, after prespecified plausibility checks. Baseline characteristics were compared descriptively according to outcome availability. Baseline medication exposure was assessed using free-text mentions only. Results: By the data cutoff, the 6-month window had opened for 3215 patients; 929 (28.9%) had an eligible 6-month weight and 2286 (71.1%) did not. In the analyzed cohort, mean age was 53.7 ± 14.0 years, 70.5% were women, and mean body mass index was 35.9 ± 6.3 kg/m². Mean weight changed from 98.5 ± 20.7 kg at baseline to 94.2 ± 20.3 kg at follow-up, corresponding to a descriptive paired change of −4.3 kg (95% CI −4.7 to −3.9); median total body-weight loss was 3.4%. Losses of at least 5%, 10%, and 15% were observed in 39.6%, 17.8%, and 6.4% of patients, respectively. A baseline GLP-1 receptor-agonist mention was present in 151/929 patients (16.3%); medication timing, dose, duration, dispensing, persistence, and adherence were unavailable. Conclusions: NUTRI-OBEDIGITHUM provides an operational framework for converting multidimensional obesity phenotyping into a structured, flexible, clinician-supervised, and patient-oriented nutritional prescription. The observed weight trajectories are descriptive complete-case findings from a selected, uncontrolled cohort and cannot establish the independent effectiveness of the pathway, Dietcamb^®, or pharmacotherapy. Prospective studies should evaluate reach, adoption, fidelity, usability, adherence, nutritional adequacy, safety, NUTRI-specific workload and cost, and metabolic outcomes. Full article

Eating disorders are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality yet remain underidentified in general mental health practice, delaying intervention and worsening outcomes. Counselor preparation often provides limited eating disorder content within broader psychopathology coursework, leaving trainees underprepared to recognize subtle, culturally diverse, and nonstereotypical presentations. This conceptual paper draws on scholarship in counselor education, body image, embodied self-awareness, and eating disorder training to propose a four-domain framework intended to strengthen counselor preparation for eating disorder recognition and clinical response. The framework includes foundational knowledge of eating disorder diagnosis, medical and nutritional risk, levels of care, and multidisciplinary treatment; reflective body-related self-awareness concerning clinicians’ beliefs about food, weight, health, exercise, appearance, and culture; embodied and creative practices that strengthen awareness of bodily and relational responses; and clinical translation through direct assessment, supervision, consultation, and referral. A seven-session graduate course illustrates how the framework can be implemented while protecting students from coerced personal disclosure. Within the U.S. counselor education and mental health training context, policy recommendations address curriculum infusion, weight stigma, countertransference, competency assessment, and basic detection and referral preparations. Integrating body-related reflection with diagnostic knowledge may offer a promising approach for helping clinicians recognize when eating disorder and body image concerns warrant further inquiry, reduce stereotype-based omissions, and respond more deliberately across diverse clinical settings; however, whether embodied training improves detection outcomes remains an empirical question. Full article

Background/Objectives: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible visual impairment, and AREDS2-based nutritional supplementation is recommended for clinically eligible patients to reduce the risk of disease progression. However, successful implementation depends on regular supplement use and sustained adherence. This study investigated demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, and physician-related factors associated with regular AREDS2 supplement use and evaluated medication adherence, physician counseling, and patient-reported barriers among clinically eligible patients with AMD. Methods: In this single-center cross-sectional study, 389 patients with intermediate AMD or advanced AMD in one eye who fulfilled the indications for AREDS2 supplementation were enrolled. Participants reporting occasional supplement use were excluded. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical data, together with information on physician recommendation, medication adherence, patient knowledge, and perceived barriers to supplementation. Factors associated with regular AREDS2 supplement use were evaluated using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses, whereas adherence patterns and patient-reported barriers were analyzed descriptively. Results: Of the 389 participants, 273 (70.2%) reported regular AREDS2 supplement use, whereas 116 (29.8%) were non-users. Multivariable analysis showed that younger age, educational attainment, and physician recommendation were independently associated with regular supplement use (adjusted OR for physician recommendation, 5.38; 95% CI, 2.68–10.81; p < 0.001). Among regular users, 53.5% met the study-defined criteria for good medication adherence. The most frequently reported barriers among non-users were financial burden, limited supplement availability, polypharmacy, and insufficient knowledge regarding AREDS2 supplementation. Conclusions: Regular AREDS2 supplement use among clinically eligible patients with AMD was associated with demographic, educational, and physician-related factors, whereas long-term adherence remained suboptimal despite substantial uptake. These findings emphasize the importance of effective physician counseling, structured patient education, and interventions addressing socioeconomic barriers to improve the real-world implementation of evidence-based nutritional supplementation in AMD. Full article

Background/Objectives: Nutrition is an important component of disease prevention and clinical care, yet nutrition training in medical education is often limited and may not adequately prepare future physicians for dietary counselling. Valid assessment tools are therefore needed to identify specific educational gaps and guide curriculum improvement. Unlike general nutrition knowledge instruments, the present questionnaire was specifically developed for medical students and integrates factual nutrition knowledge, applied food composition knowledge, and dietary habits within a multidimensional assessment framework. This study aimed to develop and preliminarily validate a multidimensional questionnaire assessing nutrition knowledge, food composition knowledge, and dietary habits in medical students. Methods: A cross-sectional psychometric validation study with a mixed-methods approach was conducted at the University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain. The instrument was developed by the research team using the revised General Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire by Kliemann et al. as a conceptual reference and was subsequently adapted to the educational context and expected baseline knowledge of medical students. Face validity was examined through student focus groups, and content validity was established by an expert panel. The initial questionnaire included 61 analyzable items across three domains. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha, construct validity by exploratory factor analysis with Promax rotation, and sensitivity analysis was performed to refine the scale. Results: A total of 150 medical students from all six academic years participated (mean age 21.26 years). The initial instrument showed high overall internal consistency with a Cronbach’s alpha = 0.824. After excluding 15 low-performing items, the final 46-item version demonstrated improved reliability (alpha = 0.849). Domain-specific reliability was moderate for general nutrition knowledge (alpha = 0.632) and acceptable for food composition knowledge (alpha = 0.751) and dietary habits (alpha = 0.776). The revised structure produced interpretable components with potential utility for educational diagnosis. Conclusions: The refined questionnaire showed preliminary psychometric validity as a multidimensional assessment tool for medical students. Its potential value lies in providing a framework for future assessment of nutrition-related educational needs rather than in directly producing curricular or behavioral change. Independent multicenter and cross-cultural validation is required before broader use can be recommended. Full article

Introduction: Lifestyle interventions are a fundamental component of type 2 diabetes mellitus management; however, evidence from real-world clinical settings regarding multicomponent interventions that simultaneously evaluate behavioral, metabolic, and anthropometric outcomes remains limited. Objective: To evaluate the effect of a multicomponent lifestyle intervention program on dietary habits, biochemical parameters, physical activity, and anthropometric indicators in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Peruvian Amazon. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a non-randomized control group and pre–post assessments was conducted among 144 adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (72 in the intervention group and 72 in the control group) receiving care at a hospital in the Peruvian Amazon. The three-month intervention included nutrition education sessions, practical workshops, group-based physical activity sessions involving traditional dance and Zumba, home visits, and follow-up through telephone calls and WhatsApp. Dietary habits, fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, physical activity (PA), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were assessed. Intervention effects were estimated using linear mixed-effects regression models adjusted for age, sex, and disease duration. Results: Compared with the control group, participants receiving the intervention experienced greater improvements in dietary habits (β = 17.85; 95% CI: 16.80 to 18.89; p < 0.001), together with greater reductions in FBG (β = −84.23 mg/dL; 95% CI: −100.45 to −68.01; p < 0.001) and HbA1c (β = −2.32 percentage points; 95% CI: −2.74 to −1.90; p < 0.001). Greater reductions were also observed in triglycerides (β = −53.68 mg/dL), total cholesterol (β = −31.73 mg/dL), BMI (β = −1.67 kg/m²), WC (β = −5.31 cm), and WHtR (β = −0.034) (all p < file0.001). PA increased to a greater extent among participants receiving the intervention (β = 3015.40 MET-min/week; 95% CI: 2769.81 to 3260.99; p < 0.001), whereas no significant between-group difference in change was observed for serum creatinine (p = 0.075). Conclusions: Participation in a three-month multicomponent lifestyle intervention was associated with greater improvements in dietary habits, physical activity, glycemic control, lipid profile, and anthropometric indicators compared with usual care among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Peruvian Amazon. Full article

Advances in healthcare have led to substantial growth in the global population of cancer survivors, yet young adult cancer survivors (YACS) aged 18–39 years remain an underrepresented population in cancer survivorship research. This review examines the health challenges and psychosocial factors that shape nutritional status in YACS, with the aim of informing age-appropriate nutritional care. YACS face significant financial and psychosocial demands unique to this life stage, balancing education, early careers and family responsibilities. They report greater unmet nutritional and health needs than other age cohorts, in addition to concerns regarding long-term side effects, financial strain, fear of cancer recurrence and increased responsibility for managing their own care. Cancer treatment can cause nutrition impact symptoms (e.g., nausea, taste changes, fatigue, dysphagia and gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances) that may persist for years, and YACS are vulnerable to late effects such as endocrine dysfunction, cardiometabolic disease, chronic pain and osteoporosis, all of which can be influenced by diet. Poor dietary patterns have been observed in YACS, indicating low intakes of fruits, vegetables, fibre and dairy, and higher consumption of saturated fat, sodium and processed foods. This narrative review evaluated fourteen nutritional intervention studies targeting YACS aged 18–39. Most existing interventions demonstrate minimal recruitment and retention rates, small sample sizes, and a reliance on self-report methods rather than objective nutritional measures. These limitations highlight the need for a deeper understanding of YACS’ specific nutritional needs and more effective strategies to engage this cohort. Future research should prioritise larger, more representative samples, incorporate objective nutritional and clinical measures, and explicitly address psychosocial and age-related barriers to healthy eating in young adulthood. Full article

Home enteral nutrition (HEN) is essential for patients with a functioning gastrointestinal tract who cannot meet nutritional needs orally, yet outpatient management remains complex, resource-intensive, and supported by a limited evidence base. Artificial intelligence (AI) may augment HEN care by extending monitoring, education, risk assessment, documentation support, and operational coordination into the home environment. Consistent with the narrative review format, this article uses a pragmatic, transparent synthesis of influential HEN-specific literature, relevant clinical nutrition evidence, and background knowledge from adjacent fields, including home healthcare, chronic disease management, oncology nutrition, telehealth, and software regulation. Direct evidence in established HEN populations remains scarce; therefore, most AI applications should be considered hypotheses or early implementation opportunities rather than proven standards of care. The strongest near-term opportunities are clinician-supervised patient education, symptom triage, adherence support, remote monitoring, and workflow automation. Predictive analytics, smart pumps, and precision enteral prescription tools are promising but require prospective HEN-specific validation, interoperability with electronic health records and home-infusion systems, reimbursement pathways, and governance safeguards. Key barriers include dataset bias, limited external validation, alert fatigue, privacy and regulatory concerns, unclear accountability, digital equity, cost uncertainty, and the risk of dehumanizing care. AI should be viewed as a complement to multidisciplinary HEN expertise. Priorities for the near future include HEN registries, standardized outcomes, prospective validation, pragmatic implementation trials, health-economic evaluation, and transparent oversight that preserves clinician accountability and patient-centered care. Full article

Background/Objectives: Hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by variants in the ALDOB gene, resulting in aldolase B deficiency. Symptoms occur after the ingestion of fructose, sucrose, or sorbitol, leading to metabolic toxicity. Management is exclusively dietary, but clinical practice remains highly variable. This survey aimed to investigate current Italian dietary management practices for patients with HFI. Methods: A cross-sectional centre-level survey was conducted using a 29-item questionnaire distributed to metabolic dietitians within the Italian Society for the Study of Inherited Metabolic Diseases network between April and May 2026. Results: Data from 27 dietitians across 15 Italian inherited metabolic disease centres were analysed. Over half of the centres (53.3%) provided care for both paediatric and adult patients, and all centres (100%) supplied structured educational materials for the fructose-, sucrose-, and sorbitol-restricted diet. Marked heterogeneity was observed in dietary practices, particularly in the classification of sugars and sweeteners, recommendations for cereal-based products, and fibre supplementation strategies. Cereal-based dietary guidance was provided by 10/15 centres (66.7%), ranging from no specific recommendations (5/15, 33.3%) to a preference for refined grains (7/15, 46.7%) or fibre-based restrictions (2/15, 13.3%). With regard to sugars and sweeteners, consensus was observed only for maltitol and sorbitol, which were classified as prohibited by all centres (15/15, 100%). Mannitol and isomalt were prohibited in 14/15 centres (93.3%). All other compounds showed variable recommendations across centres, including xylitol (prohibited 46.7%, permitted 40.0%), erythritol (permitted 60.0%), and sucralose (prohibited 33.3%, permitted 20.0%, restricted 20.0%, unspecified 26.7%). Vitamin C (100%) and folic acid (86.6%) were the most commonly prescribed supplements. One-third (33%) of the centres required the use of fibre supplements or osmotic laxatives to manage chronic constipation, with wide variability in the specific type of fibre recommended. Conclusions: These findings highlight substantial heterogeneity in dietary management of HFI across specialised Italian centres and support the development of evidence-based, standardised nutritional guidelines to improve the consistency of care, nutritional adequacy, and patient outcomes. Full article

Malnutrition, a key factor in oncology, affects 20–70% of cancer patients and influences both cancer risk and outcomes, being linked to decreased treatment tolerance, higher toxicity, lower quality of life, and shorter survival. Although international guidelines recommend early and systematic nutritional screening, its adoption in clinical practice remains inconsistent. This study, promoted by the Italian College of Hospital Medical Oncology Directors (CIPOMO), aimed to provide a national snapshot of current organizational practices regarding nutritional screening, assessment, and management in Italian oncology centers. A 15-item survey was sent to 165 centers to investigate organizational practices and awareness of nutrition and physical activity in cancer care. Data were collected and analyzed as overall percentages. A total of 100 centers responded (61%). Although a nutritional assessment is routinely conducted at diagnosis in 67% of centers (n = 67), only 31 centers perform it for all patients. The remaining centers limit nutritional assessment to high-risk or selected patient groups. Moreover, although 86% of centers have dedicated professionals, multidisciplinary integration remains limited. Validated nutritional screening tools are used in 69% of centers, but follow-up reassessment is rarely systematic (15%). However, awareness of the importance of nutrition is high, with nearly all centers supporting educational interventions and dedicated nutritional pathways. Despite this high level of awareness, a significant gap remains between guideline recommendations and daily clinical practice. Standardizing early nutritional screening, enhancing multidisciplinary collaboration, and ensuring equitable and consistent access to nutritional services are crucial to fully integrating nutrition into oncology care and improving patient outcomes. Full article

Background/Objectives: Enteral nutrition is an essential component of care for critically ill patients, and nurses play a key role in its assessment, delivery, and monitoring. Although the Spanish version of the Persenius Scale has previously undergone translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and content validation, its structural validity has not yet been evaluated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the structural validity of the Spanish version of the Persenius Scale in a sample of intensive care unit nurses in Spain. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire administered to intensive care unit nurses. The analytical sample included 329 participants recruited through non-probability snowball sampling. Sampling adequacy was assessed using the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin index and Bartlett’s test of sphericity. Principal component analysis with Varimax rotation was performed to evaluate the structural validity of the instrument. Hierarchical cluster analysis was also used to examine the coherence of item grouping. Results: The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin value was 0.88, and Bartlett’s test of sphericity was significant, supporting the suitability of the data for component analysis. A five-component solution was retained, explaining approximately 58% of the total variance. The components were organizational resources, specialized training, professional responsibility, perceived competence, and technical modality of enteral administration. Organizational resources and professional responsibility showed the most homogeneous loading patterns, whereas several technical practice items demonstrated higher uniqueness and weaker structural integration. Conclusions: The present study provides preliminary evidence regarding the internal structure of the Spanish version of the Persenius Scale by demonstrating a clinically interpretable five-component structure. The instrument may support the assessment of educational, organizational, and professional aspects of enteral nutrition practice among intensive care unit nurses. Full article

Background: Beijing’s 2024 school physical education reforms have substantially increased activity demands on children, yet population-level genotype data for Chinese schoolchildren remain scarce. Objectives: To characterize ACTN3 R577X, MTHFR C677T, MTHFR A1298C, and MTRR A66G polymorphisms in 564 Beijing schoolchildren; test Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE); compare allele frequencies with East Asian reference populations; and perform multi-locus cumulative allele analysis across all four loci. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 564 primary and secondary school students (265 males, 299 females) in Beijing. Genotyping was performed by PCR and Sanger sequencing using saliva-derived DNA; the overall call rate was 100% (564/564). HWE was assessed using the exact test of Wigginton et al. Allele frequencies were compared with 1000 Genomes CHB ($n=103$) and gnomAD EAS ($n\approx 2604$) using chi-squared or Fisher’s exact tests. Cumulative variant allele counts (0–8) were computed across all four loci. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) and haplotype frequencies were estimated using the EM algorithm. Results: All four loci were in HWE (all $p>0.05$). Genotype frequencies were: ACTN3 R577X—RR 31.56%, RX 49.11%, XX 19.33%; MTHFR C677T—CC 18.62%, CT 46.99%, TT 34.40%; MTHFR A1298C—AA 71.81%, AC 26.42%, CC 1.77%; MTRR A66G—AA 56.21%, AG 35.82%, GG 7.98%. No significant sex differences were observed at any locus (all $p>0.05$). Allele frequencies were consistent with East Asian reference populations. Across all four loci, 87.23% of students carried ≥2 variant alleles; 29.26% carried ≥4. LD between MTHFR C677T and A1298C was moderate to strong ($\left|D^{\prime }\right|=0.97$, $r^2=0.23$). The double-mutant T-C haplotype was rare (frequency $=0.002$). Conclusions: This study provides genotype frequency data for exercise- and folate metabolism-related polymorphisms in a sample of Beijing schoolchildren. These descriptive frequency data establish a baseline for future genotype–phenotype association studies; however, the sample is limited to two schools in two districts of Beijing and does not represent the broader Chinese pediatric population. Studies incorporating fitness, biochemical, and dietary data are required before such genetic profiles can inform educational or clinical recommendations. Given the purely descriptive, cross-sectional nature of the study and the absence of phenotypic data, these genotype frequency data do not, on their own, provide a basis for individualized physical education programming or nutritional recommendations. Full article

Background/Objectives: Surgical treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with a substantial risk of postoperative complications and delayed recovery of functional capacity, particularly in older patients and those with multiple comorbidities. Preoperative prehabilitation has emerged as a strategy aimed at optimizing patients’ physical, nutritional, and psychological status prior to surgery; however, its clinical effectiveness and feasibility of implementation remain subjects of ongoing debate. The aim of this narrative review was to provide a clinically oriented synthesis of current evidence regarding multimodal prehabilitation in patients undergoing CRC surgery, with particular emphasis on perioperative outcomes, functional recovery, nutritional optimization, and implementation-related considerations. Methods: A targeted narrative review of the peer-reviewed literature indexed in PubMed (2015–2025) was conducted to identify contemporary review-type publications, including narrative reviews, systematic reviews, scoping reviews, and meta-analyses, addressing prehabilitation in CRC surgery. The findings were synthesized narratively and interpreted with emphasis on clinical applicability and translational relevance. Results: Twenty contemporary review publications were included in the analysis. Across the included publications, the most frequently reported favorable effects were observed for multimodal prehabilitation, incorporating physical exercise, nutritional support, and a psychological component. These interventions were associated with improvements in functional capacity and, in some meta-analyses, with a reduction in postoperative complication rates and shorter length of hospital stay, particularly in high-risk patients. Prehabilitation was assessed as safe and well tolerated. Conclusions: The current body of evidence indicates that multimodal prehabilitation may constitute a beneficial adjunct, particularly in improving functional capacity, while its impact on hard postoperative outcomes remains closely dependent on intervention quality, appropriate patient selection, and seamless integration with established perioperative care pathways. Future meta-analyses should address underexplored components of prehabilitation, including preparation for stoma formation and targeted educational and psychological support related to sexual health. Full article

Chemotherapy is a treatment designed to contain or eradicate neoplastic cells; however, patients may experience various treatment-related adverse effects. Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), clinically referred to as “chemobrain,” is a frequent complication with a duration ranging from months to years, affecting between 17% and 70% of cancer patients. These cognitive deficits not only impair social, educational, and occupational functioning but may also impact survival outcomes, possibly by interfering with medication adherence and health-related behaviors. Emerging evidence has converged on an integrative cascade in which chemotherapy-induced systemic inflammation, intestinal dysbiosis, blood–brain barrier disruption, microglial/astroglial activation, and impaired hippocampal neurogenesis act in sequence rather than as independent pathways. Underlying pathophysiological mechanisms include neuroinflammation, reduced neurogenesis, loss of dendritic spines, oxidative stress, hormonal changes, epigenetic modifications, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In contrast, repair mechanisms involve complex glial responses, particularly those of astrocytes and microglia. Emerging studies suggest a link between changes in the microbiome and cognitive decline, demonstrating the importance of bidirectional communication in the gut–brain axis. Current research seeks to determine appropriate tests to identify chemobrain. Therefore, several biomarkers, such as GFAP, S100β, and isoprostanes, have been proposed to assess chemobrain, alongside screening tools such as MoCA, MMSE, and CAB-CF, to evaluate cognitive impairment and enable early detection. Pharmacological candidates—including lithium, fluoxetine, methylphenidate, modafinil, metformin, agomelatine, and melatonin—as well as nutritional and lifestyle interventions such as physical exercise, omega-3 fatty acids, curcumin, probiotics, and traditional Chinese medicine formulations—have been investigated, predominantly in animal models. These remain candidate, not validated, therapies; clinical evidence in CRCI populations is limited, heterogeneous, or absent, and well-powered randomized controlled trials are required before any recommendation can be issued. However, optimal strategies for symptom improvement remain unclear, as various approaches have yielded mixed outcomes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of chemobrain, focusing on its molecular mechanisms, interactions with the gut–brain axis, and potential therapeutic targets to improve the quality of life for cancer survivors. Full article

Background/Objectives: Cleft lip and palate are among the most common congenital craniofacial anomalies and require careful postoperative care after surgical repair. Mothers, as primary caregivers, are expected to manage feeding, wound care, oral hygiene, and the early recognition of complications; however, gaps in postoperative care knowledge may limit safe home care. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the effect of an artificial intelligence (AI)-supported video-based educational intervention on mothers’ knowledge of postoperative care after cleft lip and/or palate surgery. Methods: This single-group quasi-experimental pre–post pilot study was conducted between April and December 2025 in the Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery Clinic of a tertiary hospital in Istanbul. Thirty mothers of children aged 0–18 years who underwent cleft lip and/or palate surgery were included. Data were collected using a Demographic Information Form and a Nutrition and Care Knowledge Questionnaire. Mothers completed the questionnaire before and immediately after watching a standardized AI-supported educational video developed by the researchers. Pre- and post-intervention knowledge scores were compared using nonparametric statistical tests. Results: A total of 30 mothers participated in the study. Child-related sociodemographic and clinical variables were recorded to describe the children’s profile. Among the children, 56.7% were female, and 56.7% were aged 0–3 years. Post-intervention knowledge scores increased in the total score and in all subdomains, including postoperative care, feeding, and complication monitoring. The greatest improvement was observed in complication monitoring, which had the lowest baseline scores. Knowledge gains were observed across participant subgroups. Conclusions: This pilot study suggests that AI-supported video-based education may improve mothers’ short-term knowledge of postoperative care after cleft lip and/or palate surgery. However, because of the single-group design, small sample size, and immediate post-test assessment, the findings should be interpreted as preliminary. Larger controlled studies with longer follow-up are needed to examine knowledge retention and the potential effects of this approach on caregiving practices. Full article

Background/Objectives: The support of healthcare professionals can affect the improvement of cancer survivors’ self-management ability. Community nurses in charge of primary health care can play a positive role in the management of cancer survivors because they meet with cancer survivors in various areas and have basic knowledge of oncology. This study aimed to assess the educational needs and analyze the priorities of a cancer survivor nursing care education program for community nurses. Methods: An online survey was conducted on 164 nurses working in public health centers in South Korea from 5 February to 24 February 2024. A 25-item questionnaire was used to measure community nurses’ perceived knowledge and perceived importance of cancer survivor care. The educational needs analysis was conducted using the Borich needs assessment and the Locus for Focus model. Results: The highest priority content areas were as follows: economic support and related insurance systems, second primary cancer screening, physical rehabilitation after cancer treatment, diet and nutrition, complications of cancer treatment, returning to work, physical and mental problems of a cancer patient’s family, and providing training materials and information on cancer. Conclusions: The results suggest that community nurses’ educational needs extend beyond direct clinical care to include care coordination and resource-linkage roles. Because these priorities were based on nurses’ perceived educational needs rather than needs grounded in clinical practice, future educational programs should be developed to address these needs while also strengthening community nurses’ clinical reasoning competencies. Full article