The interactions between cells and molecules in the tumor microenvironment can give insight into the initiation and progression of tumors and their optimal treatment options. In this paper, we developed an ordinary differential equation (ODE) mathema...
Crude oil naphtha fraction C9 alkylbenzenes consist of trimethylbenzenes, ethyltoluenes, cumene, and n-propylbenzene. The major fraction of C9 alkylbenzenes is ethyltoluenes (ETs) consisting of three isomers: 2-ethyltoluene (2-ET), 3-ethyltoluene (3-...
Cellular technologies are one of the most promising areas of biomedicine, which is based on the isolation of cells of various types, followed by their cultivation and use, or the use of their metabolic products, for medical purposes. Today, a signifi...
There is an unmet need for simplified in vitro models of malignancy and metastasis that facilitate fast, affordable and scalable gene and compound analysis. “Adherent” cancer cell lines frequently release “free-floating” cells into suspension that ar...
In genetic toxicology, there is a trend against the increased use of in vivo models as highlighted by the 3R strategy, thus encouraging the development and implementation of alternative models. Two-dimensional (2D) hepatic cell models, which are gene...
The fate of fetal germ cells (FGCs) in primordial follicles is largely determined by how they interact with the surrounding granulosa cells. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this interactive process remain poorly understood. Here, we deve...
Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive decline of motor, cognitive, and psychiatric functions. HD results from an autosomal dominant mutation that causes a trinucleotide CAG repeat expansion and the...
Modern society faces many biomedical challenges that require urgent solutions. Two of the most important include the elucidation of mechanisms of socially significant diseases and the development of prospective drug treatments for these diseases. Exp...
Single-cell sequencing technologies have led to a revolution in our knowledge of the diversity of cell types, connections between biological levels of organization, and relationships between genotype and phenotype. These advances have mainly come fro...
The applications of evolutionary optimizers such as genetic algorithms, differential evolution, and various swarm optimizers to the parameter estimation of the fuel cell polarization curve models have increased. This study takes a novel approach on u...
Implementing a personalised feeding strategy for each individual batch of a bioprocess could significantly reduce the unnecessary costs of overfeeding the cells. This paper uses lactate measurements during the cell culture process as an indication of...
Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs) are a promising technology for reducing vehicle emissions and improving energy efficiency. Due to the ongoing evolution of this technology, there is limited comprehensive research and documentation regarding the en...
Branching structures such as vascular networks are representative morphological patterns in living systems, and they often arise from collective cell migration. Angiogenesis, the sprouting of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, is a fundamental...
Electrical stimulation has been used with tissue engineering-based models to develop three-dimensional (3D), dynamic, research models that are more physiologically relevant than static two-dimensional (2D) cultures. For bone tissue, the effect of ele...
Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a complex congenital disorder caused by defects in the development of the enteric nervous system (ENS). It is attributed to failures of the enteric neural crest stem cells (ENCCs) to proliferate, differentiate and/or mi...
Accurate modeling of pollutant transport during storm events is critical for watershed management and pollution mitigation. This study extends Diskin’s Cell Model, originally developed for rainfall–runoff simulations, to incorporate pollu...
Head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with aggressive local invasiveness, being a main reason for its poor prognosis. The exact mechanisms underlying the strong invasive abilities of HNSCC remain to be elucidated. Therefore, the...
Cell mechanics are a biophysical indicator of cell state, such as cancer metastasis, leukocyte activation, and cell cycle progression. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a widely used technique to measure cell mechanics, where the Young modulus of a ce...
Human-derived in vitro models can provide high-throughput efficacy and toxicity data without a species gap in drug development. Challenges are still encountered regarding the full utilisation of massive data in clinical settings. The lack of translat...
Mathematical models are becoming indispensable tools to explore the complexities of biological systems at cellular levels. We present a model to explore the baseline immune cell interactions for in vitro polyclonal antibody synthesis via B-cells regu...
Since the cell was discovered by humans, it has been an important research subject for researchers. The mechanical response of cells to external stimuli and the biomechanical response inside cells are of great significance for maintaining the life ac...
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a rare cell population in tumors, are resistant to conventional chemotherapy and thus responsible for tumor recurrence. To screen for active compounds targeting CSCs, a good CSC-enriched model compatible with high-throughput...
Capacitance probes have the potential to revolutionize bioprocess control due to their safe and robust use and ability to detect even the smallest capacitors in the form of biological cells. Several techniques have evolved to model biomass statistica...
In this work, a mathematical description of a Microbial Electrolysis Cell (MEC) is proposed, taking into account the global mass balances of the different species in the system and considering that all the involved microorganisms are attached to the...
Background: Most spheroid models use size measurements as a primary readout parameter; some models extend analysis to T cell infiltration or perform caspase activation assays. However, to our knowledge, T cell motility analysis is not regularly inclu...
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common and aggressive subtype of kidney cancer. This study aimed to construct a prognostic model for ccRCC based on glycosyltransferase genes, which play important roles in cell processes like proli...
The one-diode model is probably the most common equivalent electrical circuit of a real crystalline solar cell. Extensive research has focused on extracting model parameters from measurements performed in standard test conditions (STC), aiming to rep...
We have developed a novel 3-D, agent-based model of cell-wall digestion to improve our understanding of ruminal cell-wall digestion. It offers a capability to study cell walls and their enzymatic modification, by providing a representation of cellulo...
Pollution by microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) raises concerns, not only regarding their environmental effects, but also their potential impact on human health by internalization via the small intestine. However, the detailed pathways of MNP inte...
Recent single-cell experiments that measure copy numbers of over 40 proteins in thousands of individual cells at different time points [time-stamped snapshot (TSS) data] exhibit cell-to-cell variability. Because the same cells cannot be tracked over...
Background: Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), a distinct subset recognized for their stem cell-like abilities, are intimately linked to the resistance to radiotherapy, metastatic behaviors, and self-renewal capacities in tumors. Despite their relevance,...
This article examines how digital terrain model (DTM) grid cell size influences rockfall modelling using a probabilistic process-based model, Rockyfor3D, while taking into account the effect of forest on rockfall propagation and runout area. Two rock...
Adipocyte hypertrophy in individuals with obesity is connected to alterations in adipocyte function. These pathophysiological changes are studied using animal models and adipose tissue engineering. However, knockdown, overexpression, and stimulation...
Providing a cost-efficient feeding strategy for cell expansion processes remains a challenging task due to, among other factors, donor variability. The current method to use a fixed medium replacement strategy for all cell batches results often in ei...
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare type of skin cancer for which an in vitro model is still lacking. MCC tumorigenesis is associated either with the integration of Merkel cell polyomavirus into the host genome, or with the accumulation of somatic...
The duck embryo fibroblast cell line CCL-141, which is currently the only commercialized duck cell line, has been underexplored in adipogenesis research. (1) Background: This study establishes an experimental protocol to induce adipogenesis in CCL-14...
An improved lumped-parameter equivalent circuit model is proposed to describe S-shaped I–V characteristics of organic solar cells (OSCs). This model originates but differs from Mazhari’s model. As a minor but important modification, a shu...
Genome damage is a threat to all organisms. To respond to such damage, DNA damage responses (DDRs) lead to cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and cell death. Many DDR components are highly conserved, whereas others have adapted to specific organismal nee...
The fuel cell is vital in electrical distribution networks as a distributed generation in today’s world. A precise model of a fuel cell is extensively required as it rigorously affects the simulation studies’ transient and dynamic analyse...
The neoplastic Hodgkin-Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) represent only 1–10% of cells and are surrounded by an inflammatory microenvironment. The HL cytokine network is a key point for the proliferation of HRS cells and for t...
The structural anisotropy of open-cell foam leads to the anisotropy of effective thermal conductivity (ETC). To quantitatively analyze the effect of structural anisotropy on the anisotropy of ETC, a new predicting model for the ETC of anisotropic ope...
An accurate model of a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is important for understanding this fuel cell’s dynamic process and behavior. Among different large-scale energy storage systems, fuel cell technology does not have geographical...
This paper presents a simple hydrogen fuel cell vehicle (HFCV) energy consumption model. Simple fuel/energy consumption models have been developed and employed to estimate the energy and environmental impacts of various transportation projects for in...
Cell membranes are crucial elements in living organisms, serving as protective barriers and providing structural support for cells. They regulate numerous exchange and communication processes between cells and their environment, including interaction...
The aim of this work is to propose a methodology to obtain an effectiveness factor for biofilm in a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) system and use it to reduce a partial differential equation (PDE) biofilm MEC model to an ordinary differential equa...
Recent research points to mesenchymal stem cells’ potential for treating neurological disorders, especially drug addiction. We examined the longitudinal effect of placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal-like cells (PLX-PAD) in a rat model for coca...
Background/Objectives: Three-dimensional (3D) in vitro cell culture models have recently stimulated great interest since they may have more pre-clinical value than conventional in vitro 2D models. In fact, 3D culture models may mimic the in vivo biop...
This work presents an open-source, dynamic, 1D, proton exchange membrane fuel cell model suitable for real-time applications. It estimates the cell voltage based on activation, ohmic and concentration overpotentials and considers water transport thro...
Cell migration in highly constrained environments is fundamental in a wide variety of physiological and pathological phenomena. In particular, it has been experimentally shown that the migratory capacity of most cell lines depends on their ability to...
Human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) have the potential to recover from nerve injury. We previously reported that human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PSCs) have neuroprotective effects. To evaluate the potenti...
of 1,094