Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic movement disorder that produces a variety of characteristic movement abnormalities. The ubiquity of wrist-worn accelerometry suggests a possible sensor modality for early detection of PD symptoms and subsequent t...
Evidence on pancreatic cancer (PaCa) risk factors from large population-based cohort studies is limited. This study investigated the PaCa risk factors and the population attributable fraction (PAF) of modifiable risk factors in the UK Biobank cohort....
The UK Biobank is a cohort study that collects data on diet, lifestyle, biomarkers, and health to examine diet–disease associations. Based on the UK Biobank, we reviewed 36 studies on diet and three health conditions: type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cardiova...
21 December 2020
Human exposure to particulate air pollution (e.g., PM2.5) can lead to adverse health effects, with compelling evidence that it can increase morbidity and mortality from respiratory and cardiovascular disease. More recently, there has also been eviden...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating autoimmune condition primarily affecting young adults, and its rise is evident globally. Despite this, its precise etiology remains elusive. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to MS susceptibil...
Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the leading cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. Although the invasive liver biopsy remains the golden standard for MASLD diagnosis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging...
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the joints. The multifactorial etiopathogenesis of RA has been heavily investigated, but is still only partially understood. Diet can represent both a risk factor and a protecti...
The vitamin D status of the United Kingdom (UK) African-Caribbean (AC) population remains under-researched, despite an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency due to darker skin phenotypes and living at a high latitude. This cross-sectional study expl...
Vegetarian diets are defined by the absence of meat and fish, but differences in the intake of other foods between meat-eaters and low or non-meat eaters are also important to document. We examined intakes of high-protein foods (meat, poultry, fish,...
Pancreatic cancer (PaCa) is a lethal cancer with an increasing incidence, highlighting the need for early prevention strategies. There is a lack of a comprehensive PaCa predictive model derived from large prospective cohorts. Therefore, we have devel...
The ability of individuals to engage in physical activity is a critical component of overall health and quality of life. However, there is a natural decline in physical activity associated with the aging process. Establishing normative trends of phys...
Background: The cerebellum and the brainstem are two brain structures involved in pain processing and modulation that have also been associated with migraine pathophysiology. The aim of this study was to investigate possible associations between the...
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a syndrome that comprises central obesity, increased serum triglyceride (TG) levels, decreased serum HDL cholesterol (HDL) levels, raised blood pressure (BP), and impaired glucose regulation, including prediab...
Individuals with severe mental illness have an increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases compared to the general population. Shared risk factors and medication effects explain part of this excess risk; however, there is growing evidence to suggest t...
Purpose: The association between insulin resistance (IR) and bone mineral density (BMD) remains contentious. The aim of this study is to assess the predictive capability of the Triglyceride and Glucose (TyG) index concerning changes in bone mineral d...
Objective: Approximately 30% of adults globally suffer from sleep disorders. However, there are few longitudinal studies on the association between dietary vitamin C and sleep disorders. This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary...
Alcohol consumption is associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and liver disease. The biological mechanisms are still largely unclear. Here, we aimed to use an agnostic approach to identify phenotypes mediating the effect...
Genetic susceptibility and lifestyle affect the risk of dementia but there is little direct evidence for their associations with preclinical changes in brain structure. We investigated the association of genetic dementia risk and healthy lifestyle wi...
Brain morphological abnormalities are common in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) and other neuropsychiatric disorders, often reflecting abnormal brain development and function. Genetic studies have found common genetic factors in NDD...
Objectives: Given the escalating global prevalence of age-related cognitive impairments, identifying modifiable factors is crucial for developing targeted interventions. Methods: After excluding participants with dementia and substantial missing data...
Background: Traditional modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, such as high blood pressure, have long been positively correlated with high carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). However, traditional cardiovascular risk factors made a minor contribut...
We investigated associations between serum levels of bilirubin, an endogenous antioxidant, and gastrointestinal cancer risk. In the UK Biobank, prediagnostic serum levels of total bilirubin were measured in blood samples collected from 440,948 partic...
Nitrate is abundant in natural foods, especially plant-based foods, having the potential to enhance muscle function. However, its relationship with sarcopenia in the context of daily diet remains unexplored. This cohort study investigated the associa...
8 July 2020
Many epidemiological studies have shown an association between outdoor particulate air pollutants and increased morbidity and mortality. Inhalation of ambient aerosols can exacerbate or promote the development of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases...
Red meat consumption has been found to closely related to cardiometabolic health, with sex disparity. However, the specific metabolic factors corresponding to red meat consumption in men and women have not been examined previously. We analyzed the se...
Prospective studies and randomized controlled trials elucidating the impact of antioxidants supplementation on mortality risk are inconclusive. The present analysis determined association between regular antioxidants use and all-cause (primary object...
Increased albuminuria indicates underlying glomerular pathology and is associated with worse renal disease outcomes, especially in diabetic kidney disease. Many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), associated with albuminuria, could be potentially...
Dietary and genetic factors are considered to be associated with UGI cancer risk. However, examinations of the effect of healthy diet on UGI cancer risk and the extent to which healthy diet modifies the impact of genetic susceptibility on UGI cancer...
29 January 2023
Objective: This study aimed to compare the biomarker profile of pre-frail and frail adults in the UK Biobank cohort by sex. Methods: In total, 202,537 participants (67.8% women, aged 37 to 73 years) were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Fur...
Objectives: Fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption has been inversely associated with cardiovascular disease, but questions remain about the extent to which these results are due to confounding. Methods: From 2006–2010, >0.5 million adults age...
Background: Previous observational studies investigated the relationship between coffee and tea intake and the risk of asthma, however, the conclusions were inconsistent. Further, the combined effect of coffee and tea consumption on asthma has rarely...
Background/Objectives: The individual and combined effects of diverse dental problems on site-specific respiratory tract cancer remain insufficiently addressed. This study investigated the associations between six oral conditions—dentures, loos...
Aim: The recently updated steatotic liver disease (SLD) nomenclature provides a refined classification accounting for both metabolic dysfunction and alcohol exposure. However, the relationship between SLD subtypes and upper gastrointestinal (UGI) can...
Background: Obesity is a risk factor for breast cancer mortality in postmenopausal women. However, it remains unclear which specific components of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle are associated with risk. This study assessed the associations betwe...
Background: Over 1 billion smokers worldwide, one-third of whom have mental and behavioral disorders, exist. However, factors influencing mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of tobacco remain largely unexplored. This study aims to investig...
This study aimed to explore the association between habitual intake of fish oil supplementation and the risk of developing CHD in patients with prediabetes and diabetes. Habitual use of fish oil was assessed by repeated questionnaires. Cox proportion...
Background: Angina pectoris, a debilitating manifestation of coronary artery disease, has been associated with various modifiable risk factors. However, the causal underpinnings of these associations remain unclear. This study leveraged Mendelian ran...
Background: The occurrence of sleep disturbances in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients is widely reported. However, there is still a lack of reliable evidence of a relationship between sleep disturbances and the risk of developing ALS. The...
5 January 2023
Purpose: Physical activity (PA) plays an important role in health outcomes for people with cancer, and pre-diagnosis PA influences PA behaviors after cancer treatment. Less is known about the PA of lung cancer patients, and the strong history of smok...
Background: Previous cross-sectional studies have failed to definitively establish a causal relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations and the onset of rosacea. Objective: To investigate the potential association between se...
Background: Acute and chronic alcohol abuse has adverse impacts on both the innate and adaptive immune response, which may result in reduced resistance to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and promote the progress...
Evidence for a role for vitamin D in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathogenesis is conflicting. As Mendelian randomisation (MR) avoids many limitations of conventional observational studies, this two-sample bidirectional MR analysis was c...
11 August 2022
This study investigated the association between a healthy lifestyle with all-cause, cause-specific mortality, and cancer incidence among individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Healthy lifestyle scores were created based on MetS management guidel...
Effective therapies for COVID-19 are still lacking, and drug repositioning is a promising approach to address this problem. Here, we adopted a medical informatics approach to repositioning. We leveraged a large prospective cohort, the UK-Biobank (UKB...
The intricate dynamics of brain aging, especially the neurodegenerative mechanisms driving accelerated (ABA) and resilient brain aging (RBA), are pivotal in neuroscience. Understanding the temporal dynamics of these phenotypes is crucial for identify...
Infecting approximately one-third of the world’s population, the neurotropic protozoan Toxoplasma gondii has been associated with cognition and several neuropsychiatric diseases including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Findings have been mixed,...
Background and Objectives: Advancements in treatment and care, as well as early detection, have contributed to an increase in cancer survival rates. However, limited evidence exists on the optimal diet that should be followed by people after receivin...
The relationship between depression and vitamin D deficiency is complex, with evidence mostly from studies affected by confounding and reverse causality. We examined the causality and direction of the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D...
Background: There have been reports linking branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) to the hazard of various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs); however, the causal role of this relationship is still unclear. We conducted a study using bi-directional two-samp...
Background: Both genetic and dietary factors play significant roles in the etiology of colorectal cancer (CRC). To evaluate the relationship between certain food exposures and the risk of CRC, we carried out a large-scale association analysis in the...
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