926 Results Found

Sepsis continues to be challenging to diagnose due to its non-specific clinical signs and symptoms, emphasizing the importance of early detection. Our study aimed to enhance the accuracy of sepsis diagnosis by integrating multimodal monitoring techno...

To reduce the use of insecticides, silo operators are reconsidering their practices and implementing integrated pest management (IPM) to manage insect infestations. IPM requires the early detection of insects to react before infestation spread or to...

In the pharmaceutical industry, freeze-drying is crucial for the stability of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Monitoring this complex process presents challenges as traditional methods often lack real-time insights, potentially leading to q...

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a hemodynamic modality in human cognitive workload assessment receiving popularity due to its easier implementation, non-invasiveness, low cost and other benefits from the signal-processing point of vi...

This work studies the ability of a MicroNIR (VIAVI, Santa Rosa, CA) device to monitor the dry fermented sausage process with the use of multivariate data analysis. Thirty sausages were made and subjected to dry fermentation, which was divided into fo...

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an optical technique that can measure brain tissue oxygenation and haemodynamics in real-time and at the patient bedside allowing medical doctors to access important physiological information. However, despite thi...

Stroke is a global health issue caused by reduced blood flow to the brain, which leads to severe motor disabilities. Measuring oxygen levels in the brain tissue is crucial for understanding the severity and evolution of stroke. While CT or fMRI scans...

The demand for safe, high-quality, and minimally processed food has intensified interest in non-destructive analytical techniques capable of assessing freshness and safety in real time. Among these, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and biosensors hav...

Agricultural soils serve as crucial storage sites for soil organic carbon (SOC). Their appropriate management is pivotal for mitigating climate change. Continuous monitoring is imperative to evaluate spatial and temporal changes in SOC within agricul...

Aortic coarctation surgery in pediatric patients requires the placement of two arterial cannulas to monitor pressure gradients and surgical correction adequacy. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) monitoring provides insight into regional blood flow. T...

From learning environments to battlefields to marketing teams, the desire to measure cognition and cognitive fatigue in real time has been a grand challenge in optimizing human performance. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an effective optical te...

Soil moisture, as a crucial indicator of dryness, is an important research topic for dryness monitoring. In this study, we propose a new remote sensing dryness index for measuring soil moisture from spectral space. We first established a spectral spa...

The worldwide outbreak of the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) has highlighted the need for a screening and monitoring system for infectious respiratory diseases in the acute and chronic phase. The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility of...

Exercise increases the cost of breathing (COB) due to increased lung ventilation (V˙E), inducing respiratory muscles deoxygenation (∇SmO2), while the increase in workload implies ∇SmO2 in locomotor muscles. This phenomenon has been p...

Individuals often lack field-based tools to monitor exercise effectiveness. New sensing methods may allow for an improved measurement of the individualized response to exercise by monitoring oxygen kinetics directly in muscle tissue. This study aimed...

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) was implemented in the resin transfer molding (RTM) process to inline monitor the degree of curing of a bio-based epoxy resin, which consists of epoxidized linseed oil (resin) and citric acid (hardener), respectively....

Sturgeon caviar quality relies not only on the perfect dosage of the ingredients but also on the long sturgeon breeding cycle (about 12–15 years) and the exact timing of the egg extraction. For the improvement and the promotion of Italian cavia...

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has been utilized already around three decades for monitoring the brain, in particular, oxygenation changes in the cerebral cortex. In addition, other optical techniques are currently developed for in viv...

Goal-directed therapy based on brain-oxygen saturation (bSo2) is controversial and hotly debated. While meta-analyses of aggregated data have shown no clinical benefit for brain near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-based interventions after cardiac surg...

The past few decades have seen ongoing development of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems that are noninvasive and accurately measure blood glucose levels. The conventional finger-prick method, though accurate, is not feasible for use multipl...

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a wearable optical spectroscopy system originally developed for continuous and non-invasive monitoring of brain function by measuring blood oxygen concentration. Recent advancements in brain–computer i...

This study describes an innovative in-line near-infrared (NIR) process monitoring method for the quantification of the total polyphenolic content (TPC) of Ajuga genevensis dry extracts. The dry extract was obtained in a fluidized bed processor, by sp...

Portable neuroimaging technologies can be employed for long-term monitoring of neurophysiological and neuropathological states. Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) and Electroencephalography (EEG) are highly suited for such a purpose. Their...

We examined the utility of regional oxygen saturation (rSO2) measurement using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for monitoring lower-limb blood flow and estimate the safe balloon occlusion/deflation time in patients with PAS who underwent prophylact...

In recent years, cerebral blood oxygen saturation has become a key indicator during the perioperative period. Cerebral blood oxygen saturation monitoring is conducive to the early diagnosis and treatment of cerebral ischemia and hypoxia. The present...

Background: Recent years have seen a surge of interest in dual-modality imaging systems that integrate functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electroencephalography (EEG) to probe brain function. This review aims to explore the advancement...

The present study develops further our previous study of in vivo monitoring at the molecular level of the embryonic development in Japanese medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and NIR imaging. NIR spectra were measure...

The feasibility of using a diffuse reflectance probe attached to a near infrared spectrometer to monitor the total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) content in an anaerobic digester run on cattle manure was investigated; as a previous study has indicated that t...

Objective: This study evaluates the suitability of cerebral oximetry using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) compared to traditional pulse oximetry (SpO2) for measuring cerebral oxygen saturation during hypoxia testing, aiming to enhance safety durin...

Near-infrared spectroscopy has become a common quality assessment tool for fishmeal products during the last two decades. However, to date it has not been used for active online quality monitoring during fishmeal processing. Our aim was to investigat...

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is increasingly employed as an ecological neuroimaging technique in assessing age-related chronic neurological disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), mainly providing a cross-sectional charact...

The food industry needs tools to improve the efficiency of their production processes by minimizing waste, detecting timely potential process issues, as well as reducing the efforts and workforce devoted to laboratory analysis while, at the same time...

Background: Driving fatigue is a significant concern in contemporary society, contributing to a considerable number of traffic accidents annually. This study explores novel methods for fatigue detection, aiming to enhance driving safety. Methods: Thi...

Magnesium (Mg) alloys possess unique properties that make them ideal for use as biodegradable implants in clinical applications. However, reports on the in vivo assessment of these alloys are insufficient. Thus, monitoring the degradation of Mg and i...

Bone fractures are associated with hypoxia, but no longitudinal studies of perfusion measurements in human patients have been reported despite the clinical and research potential. In this longitudinal observational cohort study, the near-infrared spe...

The implementation of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) in urban environments is gaining momentum as a means to address environmental challenges and promote sustainable development. However, effective monitoring and evaluation are essential to assess the...

Soil organic matter (SOM) governs critical soil functions, including carbon storage, nutrient cycling, and microbial activity; yet the specific fractions responsible for its spectral predictability remain poorly understood. This study addresses a fun...

The spinal cord is a major structure of the central nervous system allowing, among other things, the transmission of afferent sensory and efferent motor information. During spinal surgery, such as scoliosis correction, this structure can be damaged,...

In this study, a fully integrated electroencephalogram/functional near-infrared spectroscopy (EEG/fNIRS) brain monitoring system was designed to fulfill the demand for a miniaturized, light-weight, low-power-consumption, and low-cost brain monitoring...

Horses, due to their unique anatomy and physiology, are particularly prone to intraoperative cardiopulmonary disorders. In dorsally recumbent horses, chest wall movement is restricted and the lungs are compressed by the abdominal organs, leading to t...

Synchronous monitoring electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) have received significant attention in brain science research for their provision of more information on neuro-loop interactions. There is a need for...

Neurogenic bladder is a debilitating condition caused by neurological dysfunction that impairs urinary control, often requiring timed intermittent catheterisation. Although effective, intermittent catheterisation is invasive, uncomfortable, and assoc...

Background/Objectives: Long-term cognitive outcomes after carotid surgery are influenced by diabetes and intraoperative changes. We aimed to analyze the postoperative cognitive changes in diabetic patients and nondiabetic patients after carotid endar...

(1) Background: Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) result in high fatality and lifelong disability rates. Two of the primary biomarkers in assessing TBI are intracranial pressure (ICP) and brain oxygenation. Both are assessed using standalone techniques,...

The main challenge of this scientific work was the implementation on an industrial olive oil extraction plant of an NIR device for the multispectral analysis of pomace to predict the percentage of humidity and oil contained in it. Subsequent to the i...

Current systems that allow inline pH control in the fermented dairy industry have drawbacks, such as protein adhesion on the non-glass pH probes, measurement distortion, frequent recalibration needs, and sensitivity to extreme pH conditions encounter...

This work investigates real-time monitoring of extrusion-induced degradation in different grades of PLA across a range of process conditions and machine set-ups. Data on machine settings together with in-process sensor data, including temperature, pr...

This observational pilot study investigated neurocardiovascular responses to an active stand test using continuous physiological monitoring and functional data analysis (FDA) in older women. A sample of 25 community-dwelling female adults aged 59&nda...

During the production process, a whole range of analytical methods must be developed to monitor the quality of production and the desired product(s). Most of those methods belong to the group of off-line monitoring methods and are usually recognized...

The fruit supply chain requires simple, non-destructive, and fast tools for quality evaluation both in the field and during the post-harvest phase. In this study, a portable visible and near-infrared (Vis/NIR) spectrophotometer and a portable Vis/NIR...