Search Results (873)

Introduction: Massage therapy delivers structured mechanosensory input that can influence brain function, yet the central mechanisms and potential for neuroplastic change have not been synthesized across neuroimaging modalities. This mechanistic review integrates evidence from electroencephalography (EEG), functional MRI (fMRI), and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to map how massage alters human brain activity acutely and over time and to identify signals of longitudinal adaptation. Materials and Methods: We conducted a scoping, mechanistic review informed by PRISMA/PRISMA-ScR principles. PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate were queried for English-language human trials (January 1990–July 2025) that (1) delivered a practitioner-applied manual massage (e.g., Swedish, Thai, shiatsu, tuina, reflexology, myofascial techniques) and (2) measured brain activity with EEG, fMRI, or fNIRS pre/post or between groups. Non-manual stimulation, structural-only imaging, protocols, and non-English reports were excluded. Two reviewers independently screened and extracted study, intervention, and neuroimaging details; heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis, so results were narratively synthesized by modality and linked to putative mechanisms and longitudinal effects. Results: Forty-seven studies met the criteria: 30 EEG, 12 fMRI, and 5 fNIRS. Results: Regarding EEG, massage commonly increased alpha across single sessions with reductions in beta/gamma, alongside pressure-dependent autonomic shifts; moderate pressure favored a parasympathetic/relaxation profile. Connectivity effects were state- and modality-specific (e.g., reduced inter-occipital alpha coherence after facial massage, preserved or reorganized coupling with hands-on vs. mechanical delivery). Frontal alpha asymmetry frequently shifted leftward (approach/positive affect). Pain cohorts showed decreased cortical entropy and a shift toward slower rhythms, which tracked analgesia. Somatotopy emerged during unilateral treatments (contralateral central beta suppression). Adjuncts (e.g., binaural beats) enhanced anti-fatigue indices. Longitudinally, repeated programs showed attenuation of acute EEG/cortisol responses yet improvements in stress and performance; in one program, BDNF increased across weeks. In preterm infants, twice-daily massage accelerated EEG maturation (higher alpha/beta, lower delta) in a dose-responsive fashion; the EEG background was more continuous. In fMRI studies, in-scanner touch and reflexology engaged the insula, anterior cingulate, striatum, and periaqueductal gray; somatotopic specificity was observed for mapped foot areas. Resting-state studies in chronic pain reported normalization of regional homogeneity and/or connectivity within default-mode and salience/interoceptive networks after multi-session tuina or osteopathic interventions, paralleling symptom improvement; some task-based effects persisted at delayed follow-up. fNIRS studies generally showed increased prefrontal oxygenation during/after massage; in motor-impaired cohorts, acupressure/massage enhanced lateralized sensorimotor activation, consistent with use-dependent plasticity. Some reports paired hemodynamic changes with oxytocin and autonomic markers. Conclusions: Across modalities, massage reliably modulates central activity acutely and shows convergent signals of neuroplastic adaptation with repeated dosing and in developmental windows. Evidence supports (i) rapid induction of relaxed/analgesic states (alpha increases, network rebalancing) and (ii) longer-horizon changes—network normalization in chronic pain, EEG maturation in preterm infants, and neurotrophic up-shifts—consistent with trait-level recalibration of stress, interoception, and pain circuits. These findings justify integrating massage into rehabilitation, pain management, mental health, and neonatal care and motivate larger, standardized, multimodal longitudinal trials to define dose–response relationships, durability, and mechanistic mediators (e.g., connectivity targets, neuropeptides). Full article

Background/Objectives: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype, with limited diagnostic options and no targeted early detection tools. Liquid biopsy represents a minimally invasive approach for detecting tumor-derived molecular alterations in body fluids. This scoping review aimed to comprehensively synthesize all liquid biopsy-derived molecular biomarkers evaluated for the diagnosis of TNBC in adults. Methods: This review followed the Arksey and O’Malley framework and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Systematic searches of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science identified primary human studies evaluating circulating molecular biomarkers for TNBC diagnosis. Non-TNBC, non-human, hereditary, treatment-response, and nonmolecular studies were excluded. Data on study design, patient characteristics, biospecimen type, analytical platforms, biomarker class, and diagnostic performance were extracted and synthesized descriptively by biomolecule class. Results: Thirty-two studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 15 protein-based, 12 RNA-based, and 6 DNA-based studies (one reporting both protein and RNA). In total, 1532 TNBC cases and 3137 participants in the comparator group were analyzed. Protein biomarkers were the most frequently studied, although only APOA4 appeared in more than one study, with conflicting results. RNA-based biomarkers identified promising candidates, particularly miR-21, but validation cohorts were scarce. DNA methylation markers showed promising diagnostic accuracy yet lacked replication. Most studies were small retrospective case–control designs with heterogeneous comparators and inconsistent diagnostic reporting. Conclusions: Evidence for liquid biopsy-derived biomarkers in TNBC remains limited, heterogeneous, and insufficiently validated. No biomarker currently shows reproducibility suitable for clinical implementation. Robust, prospective, and standardized studies are needed to advance liquid biopsy-based diagnostics in TNBC. Full article

Background and Objectives: Recent advances in dentistry include microbiological and metabolomic analyses, which have the potential to improve the understanding of oral microbiome–host imbalances during orthodontic treatment. Fixed appliances, functional devices and, more recently, clear aligners have been associated with several oral health conditions, including enamel demineralization, dental caries, gingivitis, periodontitis and root and bone resorption. In this context, metabolomic approaches may enable the identification of metabolites in biological samples that could potentially serve as biomarkers and reflect functional biological changes within the oral ecosystem. Investigating orthodontic appliances and associated metabolomic alterations may therefore contribute to advancing current knowledge in orthodontics. This systematic review aimed to describe the available evidence on oral metabolomic changes during orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and the Cochrane Library. A total of 1632 records were identified. After duplicate removal and screening, 18 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. Of these, 15 studies were excluded, and three studies met the inclusion criteria. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I and RoB 2 tools, and the GRADE approach was applied to evaluate the certainty of evidence. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251141544). Results: Three studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, the available evidence was limited and heterogeneous. The included studies suggested potential differences in oral microbiome composition and metabolomic profiles between patients treated with fixed appliances and those treated with clear aligners. Reported metabolomic findings were exploratory and involved amino acid-related, immune-associated, and acidic metabolic pathways. Limitations: Only three studies were included, all conducted in a single country. The small sample size and methodological heterogeneity limit the generalizability of the findings. In addition, potential confounding variables highlight the need for further standardized longitudinal studies. Full article

Background: Microsaccades are small fixational eye movements tightly linked to attention and oculomotor control. Although diabetes mellitus is associated with retinal and neural alterations that may impair visuomotor function, the influence of physical activity on microsaccade behaviour in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains unknown. This study investigated whether habitual physical activity modulates microsaccade characteristics during fixation under different optic flow stimuli. Given that optic flow engages motion processing and gaze stabilisation pathways that may be affected by diabetes-related microvascular/neural changes, it can reveal subtle visuomotor alterations during fixation. Methods: Twenty-eight adults with T2DM and no diagnosed retinopathy performed a fixation task while viewing optic flow stimuli made of moving dots. Eye movements were recorded using an EyeLink system. Physical activity behaviour was assessed at baseline and at a 6-month follow-up after a low-threshold aerobic circuit training programme. Classification as physically active (≥600 MET-min/week) or inactive (<600 MET-min/week) was based on the 6-month assessment. Microsaccade characteristics were analysed by repeated-measures ANOVA. Results: Microsaccade rate was modulated by optic flow (p = 0.044, η²p = 0.106) and showed a significant stimulus × group × sex interaction (p = 0.005, η²p = 0.163), indicating sex-dependent differences in how optic flow modulated microsaccade rate across physically active and inactive participants. A time × stimulus interaction effect was found in peak velocity (p = 0.03, η²p = 0.114) and amplitude (p = 0.02, η²p = 0.127), consistent with modest context-dependent changes over time. Conclusions: These findings suggest that physical activity modulates microsaccade generation and supports the potential of microsaccade metrics as sensitive indicators of oculomotor function in diabetes. Full article

Metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) induces substantial metabolic, inflammatory, and nutritional changes that can alter hemostatic balance through redox-dependent mechanisms. This systematic review evaluated coagulation disturbances after MBS with emphasis on oxidative stress and micronutrient deficiencies. A structured search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (2000–2025) identified 1707 records; 21 studies met inclusion criteria. Available evidence suggests that although MBS reduces obesity-related inflammation and oxidative burden in many patients, a proportion of individuals may present with persistent redox imbalance, elevated D-dimer or vWF (von Willebrand Factor), and delayed normalization of fibrinolysis. Micronutrient deficiencies—particularly vitamins K, B12, folate, selenium, zinc, and copper—are common after malabsorptive procedures and contribute to both thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications by impairing antioxidant defenses, endothelial function, and vitamin K-dependent coagulation pathways. Postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) incidence ranges from 0.3 to 0.5%, with higher risk after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass than sleeve gastrectomy, while bleeding is primarily associated with vitamin K deficiency, marginal ulcers, and anticoagulant exposure. The findings underscore the interdependence of oxidative stress, nutritional status, and hemostasis after MBS. Individualized thromboprophylaxis, routine detection of micronutrient deficiencies, and long-term biochemical monitoring are essential to maintain hemostatic stability. Standardized redox–hemostasis biomarker panels are needed to clarify mechanistic pathways and improve postoperative preventive strategies. Full article

Background/Objectives: Intracranial arachnoid cysts (Acs) are congenital, usually benign lesions that are frequently regarded as clinically silent in adulthood. Nonetheless, growing evidence indicates that Acs may be associated with subtle but measurable cognitive dysfunction. This systematic review synthesizes neuropsychological and functional neuroimaging findings in adults with intracranial Acs, with a focus on cognitive profiles, functional interactions with the adjacent cortex, and postoperative reversibility. Methods: In accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines, MEDLINE/PubMed and Scopus were searched for English-language studies published up to 2023 that reported neuropsychological assessments and/or functional neuroimaging in adult patients with Acs, including single-case reports, case series, and group studies with pre- and post-operative data. Results: Sixty studies met the inclusion criteria. Across anatomical locations, Acs were most consistently associated with impairments in verbal and visual memory and learning, attention, and executive functions, as well as reduced processing or psychomotor speed, whereas language deficits were less consistently observed. Several studies reported postoperative improvement in one or more cognitive domains, suggesting partial reversibility in selected patients. Functional neuroimaging findings revealed altered cortical function in regions adjacent to the cyst, including reduced regional metabolism or cerebral blood flow and task-related activation changes, supporting a functional interaction between Acs and the neighboring cortex. Conclusions: Overall, adults with Acs may exhibit subtle cognitive alterations that vary according to cyst location and appear to be moderated by compensatory mechanisms. These findings underscore the clinical relevance of systematic neuropsychological evaluation and highlight the need for prospective, standardized studies integrating cognitive and neuroimaging outcomes. Full article

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by pruritic eczematous lesions that significantly alter quality of life of patients. Dupilumab, a new biologic agent, has demonstrated efficacy and safety in the general adult population with AD. However, evidence on its use in elderly patients is limited. Objectives: The objective of this work was to systematically assess the effectiveness and safety of dupilumab in patients aged ≥60 years with AD, based on published data. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the PICO(S) framework. Articles written in English and published before 31 December 2024 that investigated patients ≥ 60 years with AD treated with dupilumab were included. Meta-analysis of the observational studies was performed using a random-effects model with subgroup and meta-regression analyses. Results: Twenty-one articles met the inclusion criteria. After 16 weeks of treatment, dupilumab significantly reduced disease severity (EASI: 21.8; 95% CI: 18.3–25.2), intensity of pruritus (P-NRS: 5.8; 95% CI: 4.2–7.3), and quality of life impairment (DLQI: 11.3; 95% CI: 6.1–16.5); all p < 0.001. Meta-regression revealed previous treatment with cyclosporin A as a predictor of a poorer response to treatment. The generalized-prurigo phenotype was associated with worse control of pruritus. The most common adverse events were conjunctivitis, injection site reactions, and facial flushing. Conclusions: Dupilumab appears to be an effective and well-tolerated treatment for AD in elderly patients. More research is warranted to evaluate its long-term effectiveness and safety in this age group. Full article

Background/Objectives: Vestibular migraine (VM) is one of the most prevalent causes of episodic vertigo, yet it remains underdiagnosed due to overlapping features with other vestibular disorders and the absence of definitive diagnostic tests. Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) assess otolith and vestibular nerve function and may help identify pathophysiological mechanisms in VM. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the usefulness of VEMP in understanding VM, synthesize existing findings, and explore its clinical implications. Method: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE up to 2025 following PRISMA guidelines. Studies were included if they assessed cVEMP and/or oVEMP in patients diagnosed with VM using established clinical criteria. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted independently by three reviewers using Cochrane and Joanna Briggs Institute tools. A total of 2578 titles and abstracts were screened, and 28 studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: Across 28 studies, 23 reported VEMP abnormalities in VM. The most frequent findings were reduced amplitudes and increased asymmetry ratios compared to healthy controls, indicating potential otolithic dysfunction. Latency prolongations were less consistently reported. Differences between cVEMP and oVEMP findings in individuals with VM suggested variable involvement of saccular and utricular pathways, with oVEMP abnormalities appearing more prominent. Conclusions: VEMP testing reveals subtle vestibular dysfunction in VM, primarily reflected in reduced amplitude and altered asymmetry ratios. However, the association between VEMP abnormality and VM is inconclusive, specifically due to heterogeneity among the included studies. Although findings support its potential as a diagnostic adjunct, methodological variability (including variability in patient recruitment) underscores the need for standardized VEMP protocols to enhance diagnostic accuracy and comparability across studies. Full article

Background: The global increase in orthopedic implant use—both for trauma fixation and arthroplasty—has profoundly transformed musculoskeletal surgery. As a consequence, fractures occurring in the presence of implants have become more frequent and clinically relevant. Yet, these injuries are currently described using highly heterogeneous terminology, including periprosthetic (fracture occurring in the presence of a prosthetic joint replacement) peri-implant (fracture occurring around an osteosynthesis or fixation device), implant-related, and hardware-related fractures (umbrella terms encompassing both prosthetic and fixation devices, used descriptively rather than classificatorily). This coexistence of multiple, context-specific terminologies hinders clinical communication, complicates registry documentation, and limits research comparability across orthopedic subspecialties. Because fractures occurring in the presence of orthopedic implants significantly alter load transfer, muscle force distribution, and musculoskeletal biomechanics, a clear and unified terminology is also relevant for muscle-focused research addressing implant–tissue interaction and functional recovery. Objective: This systematic review aimed to critically analyze the terminology used to describe fractures influenced by orthopedic implants, quantify the heterogeneity of current usage across anatomical regions and publication periods, and explore the rationale for adopting a unified umbrella term—“artificial fracture.” Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from January 2000 to December 2024, following PRISMA guidelines. Eligible studies included clinical investigations, reviews, registry analyses, and consensus statements explicitly employing or discussing terminology related to implant-associated fractures. Data were extracted on publication characteristics, anatomical site, terminology employed, and classification systems used. Quantitative bibliometric and qualitative thematic analyses were conducted to assess frequency patterns and conceptual trends. Results: Of 1142 records identified, 184 studies met the inclusion criteria. The most frequent descriptor in the literature was periprosthetic fracture (68%), reflecting its predominance in arthroplasty-focused studies, whereas broader and more practical terms such as implant-related and peri-implant fracture were more commonly used in musculoskeletal and fixation-related research. Terminological preferences varied according to anatomical site and implant type, and no universally accepted, cross-anatomical terminology was identified despite multiple consensus efforts. Discussion and Conclusions: The findings highlight persistent heterogeneity in terminology describing fractures influenced by orthopedic implants. A transversal, descriptive framework may facilitate communication across subspecialties and support registry-level harmonization. Beyond orthopedic traumatology, this approach may also benefit muscle and musculoskeletal research by enabling more consistent interpretation of data related to muscle–bone–implant interactions, rehabilitation strategies, and biomechanical adaptation. Full article

A comprehensive analysis was conducted to explore whether feeding inclusion procyanidin-rich grape seed powders (GSPs) affected the faba bean-induced muscle crispness in the aquaculture of crisped grass carp. The procyanidin content in the prepared GSP was 10.40 g/100 g. Additionally, one thousand 1-year-old grass carp with an initial weight of 27 g and an initial length of 12 cm were divided into five groups, including the blank control (basal diet); the positive control (faba bean diet); and the low (faba bean diet supplemented 100 mg/kg GSP), middle (faba bean diet supplemented 500 mg/kg GSP), and high (faba bean diet supplemented 1000 mg/kg GSP) GSP-supplemented groups. After feeding for 60 days, the weight gain rate, specific growth rate, and condition factor were elevated in the high-GSP-supplemented group in comparison with the blank control (p < 0.05), accompanied by a significant decrease in the feeding coefficient (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, a significant increase in muscle ROS content, shear force, gumminess, and chewiness was determined in the high-GSP-supplemented group when compared with the positive group, suggesting that a relatively high daily supplement of GSP facilitated muscle crispness. Moreover, the composition of intestine microbiota was significantly varied between groups with the daily addition of GSP (p < 0.05). Among them, Lactococcus chungangensis was identified as the key biomarker of the high-GSP-supplemented group, which was closely related to the increased muscle ROS content, the modifications in muscle nutritional metabolites (Met, C20:2n6, C20:3n6, C20:4n6, and C22:4n6), and the alterations in muscle texture (gumminess, chewiness, shear force, hardness, and adhesiveness). Based on these results, we believe that a relatively high daily supplement of GSP (1000 mg/kg) facilitated muscle crispness in the aquaculture of crisped grass carp. Full article

Background and Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex condition marked by insulin resistance, central obesity, dyslipidemia, and chronic inflammation. Emerging evidence highlights the roles of hypoxia and mitochondrial stress in its pathophysiology. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF1α) and the mitophagy-associated proteins BNIP3 and BNIP3L are key components of hypoxia-responsive mitochondrial stress signaling. This study aimed to evaluate the circulating levels of HIF1α, BNIP3, and BNIP3L in MetS and to explore their associations with metabolic and inflammatory parameters. Materials and Methods: Serum concentrations of HIF1α, BNIP3, and BNIP3L were measured by ELISA in 40 patients with MetS and 40 age and sex-matched controls. Biochemical, hematological, and anthropometric parameters were assessed, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to evaluate diagnostic performance. Results: Serum levels of HIF1α, BNIP3, and BNIP3L levels were significantly higher in MetS patients compared with controls (p = 0.001). ROC analysis demonstrated strong diagnostic potential, particularly for BNIP3 (AUC = 0.928), followed by HIF1α (AUC = 0.885) and BNIP3L (AUC = 0.770). These markers showed significant associations with metabolic indicators such as BMI, fasting glucose, triglycerides, and inflammatory markers. Conclusions: The coordinated upregulation of circulating HIF1α, BNIP3, and BNIP3L in MetS is associated with metabolic dysregulation and systemic inflammation, reflecting alterations in hypoxia-responsive mitophagy-associated signaling rather than direct functional impairment of mitophagy. These findings support the potential relevance of these markers as indicators of metabolic stress in MetS. Further tissue-based and mechanistic studies are warranted to clarify their role in disease pathophysiology. Full article

Background/Objectives: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune condition that requires continuous glycemic monitoring to prevent acute and long-term complications. In recent years, Diabetic Alert Dogs (DADs) have been increasingly used as an adjunctive strategy to assist individuals with T1DM by alerting glycemic fluctuations through olfactory detection of physiological changes. Despite growing interest, the available evidence remains heterogeneous and fragmented. Methods: Therefore, this scoping review was conducted to address the following research question: “What evidence is available regarding the relationship between Diabetic Alert Dogs (DADs) and glycemic monitoring in individuals with T1DM?”, conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and reported following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews. Results: Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science without time restrictions. After duplicate removal (n = 485), 2379 records were screened, of which 24 articles underwent full-text assessment and 10 studies met the predefined inclusion criteria. Regarding glycemic alteration detection, most studies (7/10) reported that DADs could identify both hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic episodes, while the remaining studies focused exclusively on hypoglycemia detection. Sensitivity values were consistently higher for hypoglycemia than for hyperglycemia, and none reported false alert rates exceeding 20%. In addition to glycemic alert performance, improvements in perceived safety, independence, and quality of life were described in half of the included studies (5/10). Conclusions: By systematically mapping the characteristics, outcomes, and methodological approaches of studies involving DADs, this scoping review provides an overview of current evidence and identifies key knowledge gaps in training protocols, outcome standardization, and performance reporting. Full article

Background: Pulmonary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is an uncommon and aggressive tumor for which the most effective systemic therapy remains uncertain. In metastatic LCNEC, chemotherapy approaches typically alternate between small-cell lung cancer (SCLC)-like and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-like regimens. Emerging data indicate that treatment selection may be optimized through molecular subtype classification. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of SCLC-like and NSCLC-like chemotherapy (CT) regimens in relation to LCNEC molecular subtypes. Methods: This retrospective analysis included all patients diagnosed with LCNEC at Gaziantep University between January 2010 and October 2024. Individuals with available tumor tissue and complete clinical data were enrolled. LCNEC cases were categorized as SCLC-subtype or NSCLC-subtype according to the presence of TP53 and RB1 alterations. Platinum combined with etoposide, irinotecan, or topotecan was defined as SCLC-like CT, whereas platinum with taxanes or gemcitabine was considered NSCLC-like CT. Survival outcomes of both treatment types were compared across molecular subgroups using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results: Sixty-one patients met the inclusion criteria. The median overall survival (mOS) was 11.0 months (95% CI: 6.3–15.7). No significant difference in mOS was observed between SCLC-like and NSCLC-like regimens in the total cohort. When stratified by molecular subtype, patients with the SCLC subtype who received SCLC-like CT showed a longer mOS compared to those treated with NSCLC-like CT (15 [9.9–20.1] vs. 6 [3.9–8.1] months, respectively; p = 0.47), although this difference did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: These findings suggest that molecular subclassification may help inform the choice of optimal systemic therapy in patients with LCNEC. Full article

Background and Objectives: Lung cancer in never-smokers (LCINS) has become a major global health concern, ranking as the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Unlike smoking-related lung cancer, LCINS arises from complex interactions between environmental carcinogens and distinct genomic alterations. This review summarizes current evidence on environmental risks, molecular features, and therapeutic progress shaping lung cancer management. Methods: A narrative review was conducted to examine risk factors for lung cancer in non-smokers. Studies reporting driver mutations in never-smokers and smokers were identified across major lung cancer histological subtypes, including small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and large-cell carcinoma (LCC). In addition, PubMed was searched for phase III trials and studies on targeted therapies related to driver mutations published between 2016 and 2025. Results: Environmental factors such as cooking oil fumes, radon, asbestos, arsenic, and fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) are strongly associated with LCINS through oxidative stress, DNA damage, and chronic inflammation. EGFR, PIK3CA, OS9, MET, and STK11 mutations are characteristic of never-smokers, in contrast to TP53 mutations, which are more common in smokers. Recent advances in targeted therapy and immunotherapy have improved survival and quality of life, emphasizing the importance of molecular profiling for treatment selection. Conclusions: LCINS represents a distinct clinical and molecular entity shaped by complex interactions between environmental exposures and genetic susceptibility. Genetic alterations promote tumor immune evasion, facilitating cancer development and progression. Continued advances in air quality control, molecular diagnostics, and precision therapies are essential for prevention, early detection, and reduction of the global disease burden. Full article

Background and Objectives: Implant-supported rehabilitation after oral cancer surgery remains technically and biologically demanding due to altered anatomy, scar tissue, and prior radiotherapy. Digital workflows and hospital-based point-of-care (POC) manufacturing now enable personalized, prosthetically driven implant placement with static surgical guides fabricated within the clinical environment. This study reports the initial clinical experience of an academic POC manufacturing unit (UPAM3D) implementing static guided implant surgery in oral cancer patients and compares this approach with conventional outsourcing and dynamic navigation methods. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 30 consecutive cases (2021–2024) treated with POC-manufactured static guides was conducted using data from the UPAM3D registry. Each record included design, fabrication, and sterilization parameters compliant with ISO 13485 standards. Demographic, surgical, and prosthetic variables were analyzed, including anatomical site (maxilla or mandible), guide type, material, radiotherapy history, number of Ticare Implants^®, and loading strategy. Results: All surgical guides were designed and 3D printed in-house using biocompatible resins (BioMed Clear, Dental SG, or LT Clear). The annual number of POC procedures increased progressively (2 → 6 → 6 → 16). Most cases involved oncologic reconstructions of the maxilla or mandible, including irradiated fields. When recorded, primary stability values (mean ISQ ≈ 79) allowed immediate or early loading (ISQ ≥ 70). No major intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred, and all guides met sterilization and traceability standards. Conclusions: Point-of-care manufacturing enables efficient, accurate, and patient-specific guided implant rehabilitation after oral cancer surgery, optimizing functional and esthetic outcomes while reducing procedural time and dependence on external providers. Integrating this process into clinical workflows supports personalized treatment planning and broadens access to advanced implant reconstruction within multidisciplinary oncology care. Full article