Search Results (1,335)

Urban–rural fringes within contaminated regions frequently exhibit severe socio-environmental fragmentation and territorial stigmatization. This study evaluates the implementation of a Successional Agroforestry System (SAFS) in the “Land of Fires” (Southern Italy), which is conceptualized as a multifunctional socio-ecological infrastructure. Adopting a six-year longitudinal case study design (2019–2025), the research utilizes the Gioia methodology to triangulate retrospective field records and systematic monitoring with iterative qualitative narratives. Semi-quantitative and retrospective ecological evaluations indicate that the established multi-layered vertical stratification improved proxy indicators of structural complexity and soil functionality. Estimated soil surface coverage increased from 5.0 ± 1.2% to 85.0 ± 4.3%, while proxy vegetation density rose from 4.8 ± 1.2 to 36.4 ± 4.7 plants/m² (p < 0.001). Beyond these biophysical trends, the intervention catalyzed a “narrative inversion,” transitioning the site from a stigmatized wasteland to a socio-ecological hub that fostered a significant increase in community engagement (from 6.2 ± 1.4 to 34.8 ± 6.5 participants per event). By integrating agroecological practices with the EcoFoodFertility framework, the project highlights the potential of localized interventions to support primary environmental prevention strategies aligned with a One Health paradigm. The findings suggest that this SAFS represents a scalable model for territorial re-signification, offering transferable insights for aligning ecological restoration with social innovation in degraded peri-urban landscapes in accordance with Nature-Based Solutions (NBSs) and European Green Deal objectives. Full article

The purpose of this study is to examine positive and negative emotions about climate change reported by youth living in northern California and explore how these emotions are linked to climate anxiety, activism, and other measures of well-being. We surveyed ethnically diverse first- and second-year students (N = 521, mean age = 19) at a Jesuit, urban university in California in Fall 2022. Survey measures assessed climate-related emotions, eco-anxiety, and eco-impairment, along with activism, optimism, and compassion. Bivariate and multivariate models examined positive and negative eco-emotions, controlling for race, gender, and income. Overall, climate anxiety was linked to greater activism and confidence that actions matter. However, experiencing positive climate-related emotions had a stronger relationship to activism and optimism for the present and future, compared to negative emotions which were linked to higher eco-anxiety and greater compassion for others. Climate education and communication should consider inducing and reinforcing positive emotions to encourage youth activism, especially since negative emotions in response to climate change are linked to worse mental health. More research on a range of climate emotions is needed, and future interventions should test how to induce hope without minimizing the seriousness of climate change to support confidence and youth action. Full article

Habitat alteration and biological invasions are two main drivers of biodiversity loss at the global scale. Eutrophication and invasive fish greatly disturb freshwater native communities. This is of particular conservation concern in the Iberian Peninsula (Portugal and Spain), where fish fauna display a high level of endemism. For this eco-region, there is a dearth of information on the interactions among water quality, physical condition and parasites of invasive fishes. Consequently, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of nutrient enrichment on health status and parasitological traits in the invasive mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki inhabiting an Iberian river. Water (n = 18 replicates, three per site) and fish (n = 400 individuals, 33–34 ind. per site and year) samples were collected in September 2024 and 2025 along the River Bullaque (central Spain). Sampling effort was standardised among sites, with the following parameters consistent: seine and pond nets were used, deployed by wading; 10:00 solar time; 1.5 h duration; personnel (the same seven trained researchers); and weather/environmental conditions; ensuring methodological consistency and data comparability. Laboratory procedures were carried out near the sampling sites to minimise both fish stress and distortions to parasite communities. Morphological and parasitological parameters were compared between mesotrophic and eutrophic reaches (six sampling sites, three per reach). Body condition and health assessment index* were greater under eutrophic conditions. Fluctuating asymmetry (a measure of developmental instability) was significantly higher for eye diameter in the mesotrophic reach. Parasite taxonomic composition differed between reaches, with more digeneans and cestodes in the mesotrophic sites, whereas ciliates and monogeneans were more abundant in mosquitofish from the eutrophic reach. Parasite prevalence, abundance and index of life-cycle complexity (heteroxenous species) were lower in the eutrophic reach. These results strongly suggest that eutrophication can facilitate mosquitofish invasiveness. This is reflected in a variety of morphological and parasitological traits, such as better body condition, health status, developmental stability, parasite resistance and tolerance. Overall, these parameters indicate that mosquitofish is taking advantage of anthropogenic impacts to improve their level of establishment and subsequent spread throughout Iberian fresh waters. Full article

To address the global water crisis, desalination technologies contribute about 1% of the global freshwater supply. Membrane-based desalination technologies offer high performance, operational ease, cost-effectiveness and high scalability compared to conventional thermal desalination modes. Among all membrane-based technologies, reverse osmosis is prevailing globally. However, the high energy demand of the reverse osmosis process and fouling in case of hypersaline feed streams motivate the exploration of alternative technologies, i.e., pervaporation. Pervaporation desalination involves dense hydrophilic polymer membranes to deal with high salt streams at low cost, along with less fouling than a few other membrane processes, i.e., reverse osmosis and membrane distillation. Mass transport through pervaporation desalination membranes is well-explained by solution-diffusion theory involving a tri-stage transfer, i.e., sorption, diffusion and evaporation. Since the last few decades, a green approach in all domains has offered chemical products and processes with the least hazards and minimal waste production. Application of biodegradable materials like poly(lactic acid) in combination with suitable green solvents, e.g., ethyl lactate, methyl lactate, cyrene, dimethyl isosorbide and gamma valerolactone for pervaporation desalination would be a good roadmap to meet the sustainability criterion. Some intrinsic features of poly(lactic acid) that make it a ‘material of choice’ for pervaporation desalination include hydrophilicity imparted by the presence of polar ester groups, high salt rejection, biodegradability with simple mineralization products, i.e., H₂O and CO₂, sustainable production, low toxicity, low carbon footprint, ease of processing and versatility. Poly(lactic acid) undergoes four interrelated degradation mechanisms: hydrolytic degradation, biodegradation, thermal degradation and photodegradation. The concern for poly(lactic acid) based pervaporation desalination is increased hydrolytic cleavage of poly(lactic acid) at high temperatures, which requires some modifications, e.g., nanoenhancement, additions of crosslinkers, surface modifications, addition of other polymers to prepare blends and post-treatments. These modifying strategies result in an increased stability and better performance of poly(lactic acid) films. However, optimization of various parameters relevant to such modifications leaves room for further research. This review offers a critical analysis of the need for biodegradable polymers with special focus on poly(lactic acid) rather than their fossil fuel-based alternatives, the environmental and health effects of all these polymers, cost estimation and possible performance-efficient, green and eco-friendly solutions. Full article

With the increasing levels of toxic heavy metals such as Pb(II) and Cd(II), their discharge poses serious threats to environmental safety and human health, necessitating efficient remediation technologies. Biochar has emerged as a promising eco-friendly adsorbent; however, its adsorption performance is constrained by interactions among material properties, environmental conditions, and ion specificity. Conventional machine learning (ML) models are typically built on single-metal-ion datasets, limiting their ability to leverage shared information across related adsorption scenarios. To address this limitation, this study proposes a descriptor-based ML framework for Pb(II)–Cd(II) adsorption prediction, in which ion-related physicochemical descriptors, such as electronegativity and hydrated ionic radius, are incorporated in place of discrete ion labels to enable ion-specific modeling. An Optuna-optimized CatBoost model achieved high predictive accuracy (R² = 0.952, RMSE = 9.80) and demonstrated improved performance on both Pb and Cd subsets compared with single-ion models. SHAP analysis reveals the model is consistent with known adsorption-related factors. Uncertainty quantification was incorporated to constrain predictions and enhance robustness. Ultimately, this study provides a robust data-driven baseline for heavy metal adsorption modeling, offering mechanistic insights into biochar–metal interactions and demonstrating a physicochemical descriptor approach that supports future extensions to broader multi-ion systems. Full article

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metals in the environment, and it severely represses photosynthesis, growth, development and nutrient uptake in photosynthetic organisms. Excessive cadmium (Cd) taken up by plants seriously threatens global food security and human health. Therefore, designing an eco-friendly and sustainable strategy that can reduce the accumulation of Cd in plants is a major challenge. Phosphorus (P), as an essential nutrient for plant growth, has been shown to play a pivotal role in mediating Cd-induced stress response. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between phosphate signaling and Cd stress response remain largely uncharacterized, especially the role of the core phosphate homeostasis regulator Phosphate Starvation Response 1 (PSR1). Here, we used the model green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to investigate the physiological and transcriptomic responses to Cd stress in wild type (WT, CC-125) and PSR1 loss-of-function mutant (Crpsr1, CC-4267). Our results showed that the Crpsr1 mutant exhibited significantly enhanced Cd tolerance compared with WT under P-sufficient conditions, with a better growth phenotype and a significantly lower Cd accumulation. Transcriptome analysis revealed distinct gene expression profiles between WT and the Crpsr1 mutant in response to Cd treatment. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly involved in primary metabolism, protein kinase activity, ion binding and transmembrane transport, which are critical processes for mitigating Cd stress. Notably, key genes associated with iron uptake and homeostasis were significantly upregulated in the Crpsr1 mutant under Cd stress, indicating a potential regulatory link between PSR1, iron homeostasis and Cd tolerance. Taken together, our findings establish a functional association between the central phosphate signaling regulator PSR1 and Cd stress response in green microalgae, and provide novel candidate genes and regulatory networks for developing engineered microalgae with enhanced Cd phytoremediation capacity. Full article

Cancer and multidrug-resistant microbial infections remain major global health challenges, underscoring the need for multifunctional, biocompatible, and environmentally sustainable therapeutic platforms. Herein, selenium–hyaluronic acid nanoconjugates (Se/HA NPs) were synthesized through an eco-friendly ascorbic acid-mediated reduction approach to improve the bio-functional stability and therapeutic performance of selenium-based nanomaterials. The formation of Se/HA NPs was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). FTIR analysis supported the involvement of ascorbic acid- and hyaluronic acid-associated functional groups in nanoparticle formation and stabilization. TEM revealed well-dispersed, predominantly spherical nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 29.72 to 80.38 nm, while XRD confirmed their crystalline nature with an average crystallite size of 31.2 nm. Biologically, Se/HA NPs exhibited strong antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis (21 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (24 mm), Escherichia coli (25 mm), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (27 mm), outperforming hyaluronic acid alone and showing activity comparable to standard antibiotics, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 15.62 µg/mL. Notably, Se/HA NPs showed pronounced antifungal activity against Candida albicans, with an inhibition zone of 34 mm and an MIC of 7.8 µg/mL. In MG-63 osteosarcoma cells, Se/HA NPs demonstrated potent cytotoxicity, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of 8.36 µg/mL compared with 746.37 µg/mL for hyaluronic acid. Moreover, Se/HA NPs enhanced wound closure to 73.41% and showed strong anti-inflammatory activity, with an IC₅₀ of 5.37 µg/mL, demonstrating multifunctional bioactivity. Full article

Climate change is emerging not only as a threat to global food production but also as a major driver of declining nutritional quality in food crops. Throughout this review, terms such as nutrient decline, imbalance, and nutritional quality changes are used to describe relative changes in the nutritional attributes of edible crop tissues, as reported in the source studies. Elevated atmospheric CO₂, altered rainfall patterns, shifts in solar radiation, and rising temperatures influence soil processes, plant metabolism, and genotype × environment interactions that determine nutrient composition and density. Evidence from controlled experiments, free-air CO₂ enrichment (FACE) studies, field trials, and meta-analyses suggests a recurrent tendency toward reduced concentrations of essential macronutrients and micronutrients, including protein, iron, zinc, and selected B-vitamins in a range of cereals, legumes, and horticultural crops, while responses remain context-dependent and are not universally observed across all nutrients, cultivars, or production systems. These reductions raise serious concerns for populations already experiencing widespread micronutrient deficiencies. This review synthesizes the current knowledge on the extent and mechanisms of climate-driven nutrient decline across major crops, highlighting variability among species, cultivars, and production environments. We also evaluate the potential health consequences, particularly heightened risks of anemia, impaired immunity, developmental challenges, and other deficiency-related disorders. Regions such as South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa are identified as highly vulnerable due to their strong dependence on nutrient-poor staples and existing burdens of hidden hunger. Furthermore, we assess key mitigation and adaptation pathways, including agronomic innovations, climate-smart agricultural practices, biofortification, advanced breeding strategies, and the emerging use of microbial and cyanobacterial biostimulants to enhance nutritional resilience in cropping systems. Finally, this review provides an integrated synthesis of climate-induced nutrient decline, its health implications for vulnerable populations, and priority actions needed to protect global food and nutrition security in the face of accelerating climate change. Full article

Soybean (Glycine max L.) is a globally strategic crop valued for its high-quality protein and oil, yet its yield potential is frequently constrained by inconsistent seed germination and a heavy reliance on chemical treatments that carry environmental and health risks. Physical pre-sowing stimulation has emerged as an eco-friendly alternative, but the comparative efficacy of direct current (DC) versus alternating current (AC) high-voltage electric fields—and the mechanistic basis for their differential effects—has remained poorly understood. Here, we systematically compared DC and AC pre-sowing treatments across a comprehensive matrix of field intensities (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 kV/cm) and exposure durations (30, 60, and 120 s) at a fixed electrode gap of 10 cm, using soybean seeds of the Volgogradka 1 cultivar. Germination energy (day 3) and total germination (day 7) were assessed under standardized laboratory conditions in triplicate, followed by a replicated field trial to evaluate plant height, bean yield, and disease incidence. DC treatment significantly outperformed both the untreated control and AC treatment: germination energy increased by up to 60%, and total germination reached 100% compared with 85% in the control. The optimal DC window was identified at 0.8–1.5 kV/cm with a 30 s exposure. In stark contrast, AC treatment at industrial frequency not only failed to enhance germination but also frequently suppressed it and markedly increased susceptibility to fungal crown rot. Field results corroborated these findings: DC-treated seeds produced the highest bean mass (85 g per five plants vs. 80 g in the control), while AC-treated seeds yielded the lowest (72 g). Backward elimination regression analysis revealed that field intensity alone was the sole significant predictor of treatment outcomes, whereas exposure time and interaction effects were non-significant. We conclude that short-duration DC pre-sowing stimulation (1.0 kV/cm, 30–60 s) is a robust, chemically safe, and readily scalable technique for enhancing soybean establishment and yield. Conversely, AC treatment at power frequency is not recommended due to its deleterious effects on plant health and productivity. These findings establish a clear, evidence-based framework for the rational design of electrical seed treatment protocols. Full article

Salt stress remains a major global stress factor among abiotic stresses limiting crop production. Salt stress is a major nutritional challenge, with poor agricultural production characterized by high soil sodium (Na⁺) levels in soil and plants. Soil salinity negatively affects plants through both osmotic effects and ionic toxicity. Hence, one of the main aims of agricultural scientists is to develop eco-friendly, sustainable solutions to alleviate soil salinity. Over the past decades, several studies have recommended biochar as a vital sustainable soil amendment to alleviate the negative consequences of soil salinity. Thus, this review builds on the literature on biochar-mediated alleviation of salt stress. Biochar is a carbon-rich material produced from biomass and feedstock via pyrolysis under little or no oxygen conditions. Due to its unique characteristics, such as high carbon, high surface area with porous and aromatic structure, high pH, high stability, cation exchange capacity, and water and nutrient retention capacity, it is considered an alternative for salt stress alleviation. Moreover, biochar facilitates sodium ion (Na⁺) adsorption, reduces Na⁺ uptake, and increases potassium ion (K⁺) uptake, enhancing nutrient cycling, helping plants maintain ionic balance and osmotic regulation. This, in turn, significantly increased the activity and diversity of soil microorganisms, enhanced their adhesion, and promoted their growth, thereby strengthening the plant’s salt resistance. Moreover, biochar-mediated improvements in microbial community dynamics and changes in the physical and biological properties of soil contribute to overall plant and soil health under salt stress. Hence, the present review aims to decipher the holistic patterns of biochar on soil and plant health, changes in physiological and defense mechanisms, plant hormones and signaling mechanisms, and the status of modified biochar under salt stress. Thus, the present review will pave the way for the production of salt-resilient crops with enhanced salinity tolerance. In conclusion, the use of biochar-based fertilizers and modified biochar enhanced microbial community dynamics in soil health homeostasis and soil fertility for agricultural production and food security. Full article

Background: Sustainable healthcare in obstetric and maternity nursing emphasizes the provision of high-quality, safe, and environmentally responsible care for women and newborns. Nurses’ knowledge, awareness, and clinical practices are central to the implementation of sustainable approaches, including efficient resource management, evidence-based interventions, and patient education. Evaluating these dimensions is essential for identifying gaps, informing targeted training, and supporting sustainable and effective maternal care aligned with global health goals. Accordingly, this study aimed to assess obstetric and maternity nurses’ knowledge, awareness, and clinical practices related to sustainable healthcare. Method: A cross-sectional study design was employed. A convenience sampling technique was used to recruit obstetric and maternity nurses working in the selected study settings during the data collection period. A total sample of 120 participants was targeted. The study was conducted at Al-Azhar University Hospital in New Damietta and selected Family Medicine Centers in Damietta Governorate, Egypt. Data were collected using a structured, self-administered questionnaire developed specifically for this study to assess eco-conscious nursing practices in obstetrics and gynecology units. The questionnaire included sections addressing demographic and professional characteristics, knowledge and awareness of sustainable healthcare, eco-conscious clinical practices in maternity settings, perceived barriers and institutional support, attitudes and advocacy toward environmental sustainability, procedure- and material-related environmental concerns, and energy and water conservation behaviors. Responses were measured using standardized 5-point Likert and frequency scales, with composite scores calculated to categorize levels of knowledge, practices, and attitudes toward sustainability; higher scores indicated greater knowledge, awareness, and engagement in sustainable practices. Results: Overall, among the 120 nurses, of whom 62 (51.7%) had reported having heard about sustainability and received training about it, whereas 58 (48.3%) had not. Most participants held a bachelor’s degree (n = 54, 45.0%), nearly half had more than 10 years of nursing experience (n = 58, 48.3%), and the largest proportion worked in delivery rooms (n = 53, 44.2%). Regarding knowledge, attitude, and practice, good knowledge was observed in 61 participants (50.8%), good practice in 46 participants (38.3%), and positive attitudes in 108 participants (90.0%). The findings also showed that trained nurses in obstetrics and gynecology units demonstrated significantly higher knowledge, more positive attitudes, and better eco-conscious practices compared to untrained nurses across all domains (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The study demonstrates that maternity nurses showed moderate to high awareness and positive attitudes toward sustainability, while environmentally sustainable practices were less consistently implemented, indicating a clear knowledge–attitude–practice gap. Nurses who received sustainability-related training consistently achieved significantly higher knowledge, attitude, and practice scores than untrained nurses. Full article

Landfilling remains the dominant waste disposal method worldwide, particularly in developing countries, posing serious environmental, health, and climate challenges. Inefficient practices, weak regulations, and un-engineered sites contribute to massive greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and resource loss. Transitioning to a circular economy (CE) offers a transformative path for sustainable waste management. By closing material loops, recovering energy, urban mining, controlling emissions and CE strategies can convert traditional landfills into eco-efficient systems. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) further enhances this transition, enabling real-time monitoring, predictive management, and optimized resource recovery, thereby maximizing environmental and economic benefits. This review presents a three-level CE framework at micro (individual organizations), meso (industrial networks), and macro (national and international) levels designed to extract maximum value from waste streams and mitigate climate impacts. The proposed strategies demonstrate the potential to drastically reduce GHG emissions, promote clean energy via waste-to-energy routes, and contribute to SDGs 7, 11, 12, 13 and 15. By combining technology, innovation, and strategic management, this work highlights how AI-driven CE approaches can transform landfills from environmental liabilities into engines of sustainability and climate action. In implementing CE strategies at various levels, various challenges including technological, socio-economic, ethical, policy-based, and unintended consequences are encountered which impact sustainability initiatives. This review comprehensively discusses challenges associated with CE implementation and identifies technological advancement, social awareness and data-driven AI/ML-based modeling which could ensure success in circularity and ultimately curb climate change impacts in the long term. Full article

Conservation tillage (CT) practices, including no-tillage and stover mulching, are increasingly recognized for their capacity to enhance soil health, sequester carbon, and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions in conventional agricultural systems. However, their application and mechanistic implications in medicinal crop cultivation—where soil quality directly influences not only yield but also the accumulation of pharmaceutically active secondary metabolites—remain underexplored. This review synthesizes recent advances in understanding how CT modulates soil microbial communities, with particular emphasis on nosZ II-type denitrifiers, to reduce nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions and improve nitrogen use efficiency. The mechanistic pathways through which CT-induced changes in soil structure, moisture regimes, and organic matter dynamics influence the abundance, community composition, and activity of nitrogen-cycling microorganisms were examined. Based on evidence from black soil ecosystems and other agricultural systems, it is demonstrated that no-tillage with full stover mulching (NT100) selectively enriches specific nosZ II subclades (IIB, IIE, IIG) through deterministic community assembly processes, effectively decoupling N₂O emissions from nitrification activity. The implications of these soil improvements for medicinal plant growth, root development, nutrient acquisition, and stress tolerance were further explored, and case studies linking organic amendments, mycorrhizal associations, and microbial inoculants to enhanced accumulation of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and saponins were synthesized. Importantly, findings from spatial phylogenetics and biocultural diversity research were integrated to examine how CT can support in situ conservation of medicinal flora and associated microbial communities in ethnomedicinally significant hotspots such as the Hengduan Mountains, southeastern Tibet, and subtropical refugia. Policy and community-based approaches for integrating CT into biocultural conservation strategies are discussed. By bridging agronomy, microbial ecology, phytochemistry, and ethnobotany, a framework for “eco-pharmacological” management is proposed, aligning sustainable soil practices with medicinal crop quality, climate mitigation, and the preservation of both biological and cultural heritage. Full article

Pregnancy represents a critical eco-biological window during which maternal physiology integrates environmental exposures, lifestyle factors, and interconnected microbial ecosystems to shape fetal development and long-term health. From a One Health perspective, defined here as the interconnection between maternal health, environmental determinants, and microbial ecosystems across generations, the maternal microbiome functions as a dynamic interface linking the external environment to the intrauterine milieu, translating ecological signals into immunological, metabolic, and neuroendocrine pathways that influence placental function and developmental programming. Across gut, vaginal, oral, and mammary niches, maternal microbial communities operate as an integrated network regulating systemic inflammation, metabolic homeostasis, and the production of bioactive metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and tryptophan derivatives. This review proposes an integrated systems framework in which pregnancy is viewed as a transient ecological system shaped by ten interconnected maternal determinants, encompassing microbial niches, nutrition, lifestyle factors, medical interventions, mode of delivery, and postnatal microbial transmission, that converge on shared microbiome-mediated signaling pathways affecting fetal and neonatal immune, metabolic, and neurodevelopmental trajectories. Broader macro-environmental drivers, including biodiversity loss, urbanization, pollution, and industrialized lifestyles, are considered as upstream modulators of maternal microbial ecology within a One Health context. A systems model is presented to illustrate how environmental inputs are biologically transduced through maternal microbial networks to influence placental function, fetal development, and early-life health trajectories. Framing pregnancy as an integrated eco-biological continuum highlights the maternal microbiome as a central hub of intergenerational health and may support microbiome-informed preventive strategies and public health approaches aimed at reducing the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) of early-life origin. Full article

Among diverse industrial wastes, antibiotic fermentation residues containing high concentrations of nosiheptide pose significant environmental and health risks. This study demonstrates that black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) can effectively degrade the nosiheptide residues within this fermentation matrix when blended with potato peel waste. Optimal degradation efficiency was achieved at a dry weight ratio of 3:5 (antibiotic fermentation residue to potato peel waste), yielding a 40.02% material reduction, an 8.63% bioconversion rate, and a 55.74% nosiheptide degradation rate. Further optimization of the larva-to-feed ratio enhanced nosiheptide degradation to 58.21%. Following 48 h of gut emptying period, no detectable nosiheptide remained within the tissues of the treated BSFL. The harvested larvae demonstrated high nutritional value, with crude protein and crude fat contents reaching up to 35.64% and 32.65%, respectively. The larvae also contained a comprehensive profile of essential amino acids, with the glutamic acid content exceeding 3%, which enhances feed palatability. Highly concentrated antibiotic treatments significantly increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes within the BSFL gut microbiota, with Dysgonomonas emerging as the dominant genus. This study highlights a novel strategy for degrading residual nosiheptide and converting waste into a valuable protein source, offering an eco-friendly solution for industrial waste management. Full article