Search Results (57)

In this research, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the main dimensions of personality (Extraversion, Maturity, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Self-actualization) and mobile phone addiction, both directly and mediated by the professional context (professional status), and moderated by adaptive cognitive-emotional coping strategies. The participants, adult Romanian citizens, completed measures of personality—Big Five ABCD-M, a mobile phone addiction questionnaire, and the CERQ for adaptive coping strategies. They also responded to a question about current professional status (employed, student, etc.). Data were analyzed using Jamovi, and the findings were somewhat unexpected, though it aligned with the existing literature. Maturity emerged as a consistent inverse predictor of smartphone addiction (r = −0.45, β = −0.43, p < 0.001) across all three analyses. Extraversion showed an indirect effect mediated by professional status (β = −0.077, p < 0.05). Self-actualization was also found to predict smartphone addiction positively through full mediation by professional status (β = 0.05, p < 0.05). Agreeableness became a significant negative predictor (β = −0.13, p < 0.05) only when adaptive coping strategies were included. These findings highlight that the transition from frequent smartphone use—whether for work or personal reasons—to addiction can be subtle. This study may support both the general population in understanding smartphone use from a psycho-emotional perspective and organizations in promoting a healthy work-life balance. Full article

Background/Objectives: The problematic use of video games (PG), social media (PSMU), and alcohol (PAU) is widespread from adolescence onwards. According to theoretical models, personality traits are relevant for these problematic behavioral patterns; however, only very few longitudinal studies are available. The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate for the first time whether Big Five personality dimensions (BFPD) are predictors for the development of PG, PSMU, or PAU, or conversely, whether these behavioral patterns are predictive of the BFPD. Methods: Surveys were conducted over three measurement time points (t1 to t3) using standardized instruments on PG, PSMU, PAU, and BFPD. A total of 492 young people (average age: 16.83 years, 44.1% female and 55.9% male) were investigated at t1, 475 persons (mean age: 17.93 years, 44.8% female, 55.2% male) at t2, and 443 cases (average age: 20.11 years, 45.1% female, 54.9% male) at t3. We calculated cross-lagged panel analyses over three measurement points (structural equation modeling). Results: Of the BFPD, lower Conscientiousness and lower Extraversion were predictors of PG, higher Negative Emotionality (Neuroticism) predicted PSMU, and lower Agreeableness was a predictor of PAU. Only PAU was a predictor of a Big Five dimension (lower Agreeableness). Conclusions: The findings were not consistent across the measurement points (t1 to t2 vs. t2 to t3) with one exception in an explorative analysis: problematic gaming was a predictor for both problematic social media use and problematic alcohol use in youth (t1 to t2 and t2 to t3). The influence of lower Conscientiousness was confirmed for PG and initial longitudinal results for PSMU and PAU were observed. These novel findings could be considered when developing or revising preventive measures. Full article

Background/Objectives: Intelligence and personality are the most researched constructs in the scientific literature in the field of psychology. Also, the relationship between them has been studied, with controversial results. The present study examines the relationship between intelligence and personality, considering, on the one hand, the influence of gender and, on the other, the predictive capacity of intelligence for personality traits. Methods: The sample consisted of 1166 participants between 11 and 16 years old from the Canary Islands. The Big Five Personality Questionnaire for Children, Adolescents and Adults (MASK-5) and the Adaptive Test of General Intelligence (Matrices-TAI) were used. For the analysis, a quantitative approach with an ex post facto, cross-sectional design was used. The analysis was carried out with SPSS v.26 and Jamovi v.2.3.21. Results: The findings revealed non-significant gender differences in intelligence and personality. The regression model between the two constructs was only significant for the dimension consciousness (F(1,1164) = 3.906, p = 0.048; ɳ_p² = 0.003) and its facet perseverance (F(1,1164) = 5.953, p = 0.015; ɳ_p² = 0.005), but the effect size was small in both cases. When considering girls and boys separately, the model was not significant for boys, whereas for girls, the dimension consciousness (F(1,595) = 6.148, p = 0.013; ɳ_p² = 0.010) and its facet achievement (F(1,595) = 8.227, p = 0.004; ɳ_p² = 0.014), as well as the facet humility (agreeableness) (F(1,595) = 6.472, p = 0.011; ɳ_p² = 0.011), were significant, but again, with small effect sizes. Nevertheless, low observed power results for the whole sample and the boys sample suggest the need to increase the sample size. Conclusions: These findings are discussed, and future lines of research in this field of study are proposed. Full article

The intersection of digitalization and sustainability is reshaping the tourism industry, with digital platforms playing a transformative role in optimizing travel experiences while simultaneously influencing economic inclusivity, labor dynamics, and environmental responsibility. This paper explores how Industry 4.0 technologies—such as artificial intelligence (AI), big data, blockchain, virtual reality (VR), and the Internet of Things (IoT)—are integrated into digital tourism platforms, assessing their dual impact on sustainability and market structures. The study develops a conceptual framework around five key dimensions: market power and digital dependency, AI-driven automation and workforce transformation, innovation and digital inclusion, sustainability innovations, and data security and governance. While digital platforms enhance personalization, operational efficiency, and eco-conscious travel, they also reinforce economic disparities, monopolization, and regulatory challenges, raising concerns related to SDGs such as SDG 1 (No Poverty), SDG 5 (Gender Equality), SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure), SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities), SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption, and Production), SDG 13 (Climate Action), and SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions). The study highlights the need for equitable governance frameworks to mitigate risks associated with AI-driven monopolization, algorithmic bias, and data privacy violations while ensuring digital accessibility for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The findings contribute to ongoing discussions on platform economics, digital governance, and sustainable tourism transformation, offering policy and managerial implications for fostering an inclusive and environmentally responsible tourism industry. Full article

Bondage/discipline, Dominance/submission, Sadism/Masochism (BDSM) is a multifaceted spectrum of consensual sexual practices, that has long intrigued the psychological community for its implications on mental health and personality. While previous research has shed light on its psychopathological aspects, less is known about the distinct psychosexual dimensions that characterize individuals who assume dominant or submissive roles within these dynamics. Our research aims to identify differences in personality traits between dominant and submissive individuals and explore the relationship between BDSM roles and mental health outcomes. While previous studies have explored personality traits in BDSM practitioners, research specifically examining the associations between BDSM roles and multiple psychological constructs remains limited. To address this, we employed Bayesian methods with non-informative priors, including ANOVA and linear regression, to evaluate the associations between self-identified BDSM roles and psychological constructs with the specific intent to build informative priors for future research. A sample of 99 BDSM practitioners from online forums participated, providing responses across several psychometric instruments. The study utilized comprehensive psychometric evaluations, including the Big Five Inventory for personality assessment, the Hypersexual Behavior Inventory for hypersexuality, the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale for sensation seeking, the Patient Health Questionnaire for depression, and the General Anxiety Disorder scale for anxiety. Bayesian regression analysis revealed that dominant practitioners exhibit lower hypersexuality and agreeableness, while submissive practitioners show higher levels of agreeableness, depression, hypersexuality, and sensation seeking. These findings highlight distinct psychosexual profiles associated with BDSM roles and provide several implications for mental health professionals working with BDSM practitioners, emphasizing the need to assess and address underlying psychological factors. Future research should further explore these psychosexual dynamics to develop targeted interventions for enhancing psychological well-being and relationship satisfaction within the BDSM community. Full article

The objective of this systematic review was to explore the interaction between Dark Triad traits (narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy) and other personality dimensions in the workplace, and how these combinations impact the performance of employees and leaders. Fifteen empirical studies published since 2014 were analyzed, which assessed the influence of Dark Triad traits along with other personality dimensions, such as the traditional Big Five (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness), on performance, interpersonal relationships, and organizational satisfaction. The results suggest that narcissism is negatively related to agreeableness and self-control, Machiavellianism to empathy and agreeableness, and psychopathy to conscientiousness and empathy. These traits also affect job performance, as narcissism and Machiavellianism are associated with work addiction, while psychopathy is linked to lower responsibility and self-control. Additionally, leaders with high levels of Dark Triad traits experience reduced performance, especially in lower hierarchical roles. It was found that emotional stability can moderate the negative impact of narcissism, and that less regulated organizational contexts exhibit more interactions involving these dark traits. These findings provide valuable insights for developing talent assessment and management strategies aimed at improving organizational performance and climate through evidence-based approaches. Full article

This study explored the psychological determinants of pro-environmental behaviors through a multidimensional approach, integrating the roles of self-efficacy, personality traits and environmental attitudes (verbal, actual and affective commitment). While previous research has primarily examined general ecological engagement, this study differentiated between three specific domains: general ecological behaviors, prosocial and volunteering actions in the ecological context, and household chemical usage. A sample of 669 participants completed measures assessing the Big Five personality traits, self-efficacy and environmental commitment dimensions. Regression analyses revealed that environmental attitudes were the strongest predictors of general ecological behavior, while actual commitment, self-efficacy and extraversion played key roles in prosocial engagement and volunteering in the ecological context. Neuroticism and extraversion emerged as the strongest predictors of household chemical usage. The study suggests that the influence of personality traits on pro-environmental behavior may be context-dependent, with certain traits playing a more significant role when the behavior involves direct social engagement. Additionally, our findings emphasize the importance of fostering environmental commitment as a key driver of sustained ecological behavior, rather than relying solely on personality-driven tendencies or self-efficacy. Full article

Background: Smartphone usage in school-aged children has increased over the last two decades. This overuse interferes with emotion regulation and interpersonal relationships. The purpose of this work was to analyze the relationship between smartphone addiction risk and personality dimensions in primary school children. Methods: The aim of this research is to verify the percentage of Smartphone Addiction (SA) in a sample of primary school children and to explore the relationship between personality dimensions and SA. The Smartphone Addiction Risk Children Questionnaire (SARCQ) and the Big Five Children (BFC) questionnaire were administered to a sample (N = 94) of children. Results: We found that, in our sample, the percentage of children matching the definition of emotional addiction to smartphones was 16% and that a subgroup of children using smartphones as a transitional object represented 15% of the sample. The correlations between the SARCQ and BFC questionnaire factors showed a significant negative correlation between the “I’m not afraid with you” (INAWY) factor and Friendliness, Conscientiousness, and Openness, showing that children with low socialization capacities are prone to use smartphones as a means to handle negative internal states. In contrast, a positive correlation between the INAWY and the Emotional Instability factors has been observed. For the “Linus’s Blanket” (LB) factor, a significant negative correlation with the Friendliness and Conscientiousness factors was observed. Conclusions: The risk of SA, with the use of smartphones as “emotion-handling tools” or as “transitional objects”, was observed in children with personality dimensions associated with higher risk. Full article

Cultural ecosystem services (CESs) are essential for the sustainable development and management of urban green spaces. However, there remains a gap in leveraging big data and unsupervised machine learning to comprehensively evaluate perceived CESs. This study introduces a hybrid research methodology integrating latent dirichlet allocation (LDA) and importance–performance analysis (IPA) to analyze 20,087 user-generated reviews of Fragrance Hill Park in Beijing from Meituan. The key findings are the following: (1) ten types of CESs were identified, including five related to personal well-being, four to public well-being, and one bridging both categories; (2) the most significant dimensions were “recreational activities”, “aesthetic appreciation”, “physical well-being”, and “mental well-being”; (3) users expressed positive sentiments toward “history and culture”, “mental well-being”, and “religious engagement”, while “social relations” received the most negative feedback; (4) IPA results highlight “recreational activities” and “aesthetic appreciation” as priority areas for improvement. This study provides a scalable, data-driven framework for evaluating CESs in urban green spaces. The insights gained can inform urban green space management and policy decisions to enhance user experiences and promote sustainable urban development. Full article

This pilot study investigated how viewers perceive Monica Geller’s personality using three evidence-based personality models: Big Five, HEXACO, and Cloninger’s Biopsychosocial Model. Additionally, it examined how these perceptions are associated to audiences’ engagement in parasocial relationships with this iconic character from the sitcom Friends. A sample of sixty-three participants assessed Monica’s personality by responding to the Big Five Inventory (BFI), the HEXACO-60, and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-60). Participants also completed the Multidimensional Measure of Parasocial Relationships (MMPR). Personality scores were contextualized against U.S. population norms (N_BFI = 711, N_HEXACO = 1126, N_TCI = 1948) and Pearson correlations were conducted to explore associations between personality traits and the Affective, Behavioral, Cognitive, and Decisional dimensions of parasocial engagement. Normative comparisons revealed Monica’s perceived Openness and Agreeableness in the Big Five and her Openness and Agreeableness in the HEXACO as significantly below average, while her Big Five Neuroticism and her HEXACO Conscientiousness were significantly above average. In the Biopsychosocial Model, Monica’s Persistence was significantly higher than population norms, while Cooperativeness was significantly lower. Big Five Agreeableness showed correlations across all parasocial engagement dimensions. HEXACO Emotionality was strongly linked to the Affective and Behavioral dimensions, while Honesty–Humility was associated with Cognitive parasocial engagement. In the Biopsychosocial Model, Reward Dependence and Cooperativeness were associated with Cognitive and Affective parasocial engagement, while Self-Directedness was linked to the Behavioral dimension. The Biopsychosocial Model offered the most comprehensive insights, capturing the multidimensional nature of viewer–character engagement. The Big Five and HEXACO models added valuable perspectives, particularly in explaining that traits associated with trust and kindness are linked to decision making. These findings emphasize the importance of integrating multiple personality frameworks to advance the understanding of parasocial relationship engagement, shedding light on the nuanced ways personality traits shape audience perceptions and relationships with media characters, with significant implications for media psychology and personality research. Limitations and avenues for future developments are discussed, building on the insights from this pilot study. Full article

In recent years, the growing number of Online Travel Review (OTR) platforms and advances in social media and search engine technologies have led to a new way of accessing information for tourists, placing projected Tourist Destination Image (TDI) and electronic Word of Mouth (eWoM) at the heart of travel decision-making. This research introduces a big data-driven approach to analyzing and measuring the perceived and conveyed TDI in OTRs concerning the reflected perceptive, spatial, and affective dimensions of search results. To test this approach, a massive metadata analysis of search engine was conducted on approximately 2700 reviews from TripAdvisor users for the category “Attractions” of the city of Kastoria, Greece. Using artificial intelligence, an analysis of the photos accompanying user comments on TripAdvisor was performed. Based on the results, we created five themes for the image narratives, depending on the focus of interest (monument, activity, self, other person, and unknown) in which the content was categorized. The results obtained allow us to extract information that can be used in business intelligence applications. Full article

The present study examines the potential of the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) as a measure for the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTop) model. Two structural models were evaluated. In Model 1, the SCL-90-R dimensions were allocated to somatoform (comprising somatization), internalizing (comprising obsessive–compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, and phobic anxiety), and antagonistic disinhibited (comprising hostility) spectra. Model 2 included an additional detachment spectrum (comprising paranoid ideation and psychoticism). Method: A total of 1594 adolescents [52.2% boys; age ranged from 14 to 17 years; mean age (SD) = 16.04 years (0.737 years)] from the general community in Athens completed the SCL-90-R and the Funf-Faktoren-Fragebogen fur Kinder (FFFK). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to validate the proposed models. Results: The findings supported Model 1, demonstrating adequate global fit, salient and significant factor loadings, discriminant validity, reliability, and external validity of the factors. Conclusions: These results indicate that the SCL-90-R scales of somatization, obsessive–compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, and phobic anxiety are appropriate measures for the corresponding HiTop dimensions. However, the scales for paranoid ideation and psychoticism were not suitable for this purpose. The theoretical contributions and conclusions are discussed, highlighting the implications of these findings for the clinical and theoretical application of the SCL-90-R in psychopathological assessment and research. Full article

Although many studies have examined the relationship between the five dimensions of personality and nurse burnout, few studies have examined the relationship between nurse burnout and the overall personality profile. In addition, nurses’ demographic characteristics have been found to be related to nurses’ burnout level, but the results have been inconsistent. This study aimed to determine personality profiles based on the Big Five personality model in a sample of Chinese nurses then analyze the relationship between burnout and personality profiles and demographics. A total of 1423 nurses were sampled and assessed using the Big Five Inventory and the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory. A k-means cluster analysis was used to divide participants into different personality profiles. Multivariate analysis of variance and binomial logistic regression were used to examine the relationship of burnout with personality profiles and demographics. Cluster analysis identified three personality profiles among nurses: resilient, ordinary, and distressed. For each dimension of the Big Five Inventory and Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, there was a significant difference between different personality profiles, with effect sizes being from 0.37 to 0.57. Nurses with a distressed personality profile were 4.52 times more likely to be diagnosed with burnout than nurses with an ordinary profile, while nurses with a resilient personality profile had a 55% reduction in burnout compared to nurses with an ordinary profile. The results suggested that hospital administrators should focus on nurses with a distressed personality profile to identify potential burnout nurses as early as possible. The findings also enabled hospital administrators to consider the different personality profiles of nurses and the specific requirements of the job to select suitable candidates. Full article

This study investigates the readiness of manufacturing industries in the Iraqi sector to adopt and implement Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies. The research focuses on manufacturing industries, including automotive, electronics, textiles, food processing, etc. The study’s main objective is to investigate the relationship between adopting I4.0 technologies and performance benefits in these sectors. A structured survey was conducted across 240 manufacturing companies, including specific I4.0 technologies (IoT, Big Data Analytics, Cloud Computing, Artificial Intelligence, etc.), usage levels, operations, products/services, and sustainability. Data were collected through telephone interviews and personal contacts, where the respondents rated the benefits of I4.0 technology adoption and performance benefit dimensions on a five-point Likert scale. The study utilized Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 3.2.9 software for data analysis. Findings show a positive relationship between I4.0 technology adoption and industrial performance benefits, emphasizing productivity and production efficiency improvements more than sustainability improvements and resource benefits. This research contributes to the understanding of I4.0 readiness in emerging economies and provides insight for policymakers and industry leaders in Iraq’s manufacturing sector. Full article

The personality traits of top judo referees are crucial for fair decision-making in elite competitions, shaping the experience for athletes, coaches, and spectators. This study examines potential differences in personality traits among 63 referees from the World Judo Tour between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2022. Factors analyzed include completing the IJF Academy course Level 1, elite athlete status, number of officiated events, performance ratings, and participation in the Olympic or Paralympic Games. Our research shows that older referees tend to exhibit greater extraversion, whereas less experienced officials show lower levels of this trait. Referees with limited experience generally demonstrate higher agreeableness than their more experienced counterparts. Female referees and those with top performance ratings display greater conscientiousness than male referees. Completing the IJF Academy course is associated with lower neuroticism, while lower performance ratings are linked to higher neuroticism. Openness tends to decrease with increased officiating experience, with less experienced referees showing higher levels of this trait. In conclusion, competitive experience, training completion, and officiating tenure are associated with specific personality traits among judo referees, highlighting the importance of continuous training for effective officiating. The analysis of personality traits revealed no statistically significant differences between male and female referees in the dimensions measured by the BFI (Big Five Inventory). This indicates that the levels of extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness were similar for both genders, with no significant variation in how these traits were expressed. Full article