694 Results Found

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver and is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. While there are many risk factors for HCC including alcohol, obesity, and diabetes, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis...

The emergence and spread of pathogenic fungi resistant to currently used antifungal drugs represents a serious challenge for medicine and agriculture. The use of smart antimicrobials, so-called “dirty drugs” which affect multiple cellular...

Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) has been used for more than 30 years as a manufacturing process for large components such as aircraft fuselage or nose made of composite materials. As the literature research showed, 85% of efficient AFP head process t...

We present a lateral flow aptasensor for the visual detection of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in human serum. Leveraging the precise molecular recognition capabilities of aptamers and the distinct optical features of gold nanoparticles, a model system uti...

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a protein commonly found during fetal development, but its role extends beyond birth. Throughout the first year of life, AFP levels can remain high, which can potentially mask various conditions from the neurological, metab...

This article presents contemporary opinion on the role of alpha-fetoprotein in oncologic diagnostics and treatment. This role stretches far beyond the already known one—that of the biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma. The turn of the 20th and...

Background: The CRAFITY score, integrating baseline C-reactive protein (CRP) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), has been validated as a prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with immunotherapy, but many patients present with non-el...

Purpose: To compare the agreement for the criteria on the explant and the results of liver transplantation (LT) before and after adoption of the AFP (α-fetoprotein) model. Methods: 523 patients consecutively listed in five French centers were reviewe...

AFP process has the advantage of producing high-performance components and reducing the manufacturing time and defects introduced in the final material thanks to the highly automated process, compared with more traditional methods. Selecting inapprop...

The glycoproteins alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) have long been approved as biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring tumors. International Reference Preparations (IRPs) have been around since 1975. Nevertheless, manufactur...

Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are the most commonly diagnosed malignancies in younger men. The monitoring of disease course and recurrence is supported by traditional tumor markers, including α-fetoprotein (AFP). AFP is physiologically sy...

Angiogenesis inhibitor drugs have been explored as important pharmacological agents for cancer therapy, including hepatocellular carcinoma. These agents have several drawbacks, such as drug resistance, nonspecific toxicity, and systemic side effects....

The determination of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) and Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP) levels on serum and amniotic fluid plays a fundamental role in the diagnosis and follow-up of specific physiological or pathological conditions (e.g., pregnancy, thre...

Simultaneous molecular recognition and quantification of at least four biomarkers in biological samples may contribute to early and fast diagnosis of illnesses such as cancer. The electrodes able to reliably perform on-site these tests are the stocha...

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been increasingly used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Prognostic biomarkers are an unmet need. We aimed to develop a prognostic nomogram for patients with unresectable HCC receiving ICIs...

Simple and accurate analysis of cancer-related biomarkers is very important for disease screening and auxiliary diagnosis. This study proposed a facile immunoassay that used gold nanostar-labeled rabbit anti-AFP as a capture antibody and gold nanopar...

Background and Aim: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), a lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive fraction of AFP (AFP-L3), is a protein that is induced by vitamin K deficiency or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) that has been clinically used as a serum biomarker for early...

Aspergillus fumigatus is a major opportunistic pathogenic fungus that causes invasive aspergillosis with high mortality rates in immunocompromised patients. APSES family transcription factors regulate fungal development and virulence, but the functio...

Antifungal proteins (AFPs) from ascomycete fungi could help the development of antimycotics. However, little is known about their biological role or functional interactions with other fungal biomolecules. We previously reported that AfpB from the pos...

As part of the WHO’s Global Polio Eradication Initiative, acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance in children under 15 years old is crucial for monitoring the emergence of polioviruses and tracking Non-Polio Enteroviruses (NPEVs). This study...

Single cell analyses have gained increasing interest over bulk approaches because of considerable cell-to-cell variability within isogenic populations. Herein, flow cytometry remains golden standard due to its high-throughput efficiency and versatili...

Background: Poliovirus post-eradication containment of wild-type 2 poliovirus (PV2) requires the destruction of all materials containing, or potentially containing, PV2. Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases in Israel between 1973 and 1988 were caused...

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is an oncofetal protein that is elevated in a subset of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with poor prognosis, but the molecular target activated in AFP-positive HCC remains elusive. Here, we demonstrated that the transcription f...

A combination of high infant immunization coverage and surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases, plays a critical role in polio eradication. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of AFP, to evaluate the completeness of AFP ascertainme...

Background and Objectives: We aim to compare the diagnostic performance of Protein induced by vitamin K absence-II (PIVKA-II), a biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in differentiating HCC and non-malignant high-r...

Background: Alpha-fetoprotein-negative (<20 ng/mL) hepatocellular carcinoma (AFP-NHCC) cannot be easily diagnosed in clinical practice, which may affect early treatment and prognosis. Furthermore, there are no reliable tools for the prediction of...

Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) has been used as a serologic indicator of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to identify an HCC-specific serum biomarker for diagnosis using a multiplexed proteomic technique in HCC patients with normal AFP levels. A tot...

Precision sensing in the characterization of complex additive manufacturing processes such as the Automated Fibre Placement (AFP) technique is important since the process involves a significant level of uncertainty in terms of quality and integrity o...

Thyroid hormone (T₃) and its receptor (TR) are involved in cell metabolism and cancer progression. Hypothyroidism is associated with significantly elevated risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Levels of the glycoprotein alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) are...

(1) Background: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) has been incorporated into the selection criteria of liver transplantation and been used to predict the outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence. Locoregional therapy (LRT) is recommended for bridgi...

Chronic hepatitis B poses a serious threat to human health and life, and early diagnosis is essential to improving patient cure rates. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) are two key biomarkers for diagnosing chronic hepatitis B. In t...

To develop a potential cancer treatment, we formulated a novel drug delivery platform made of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) and used a combination of an emerging siRNA technology and an extracted natural substance called catechins. The synthes...

Purpose: To explore the diagnostic value of Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2017 (CEUS LI-RADS v2017) in differentiating alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-negative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from other primary m...

Background/Objectives: Biomarkers such as lens agglutinin-reactive alpha-fetoprotein and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin, as well as biomarker- and/or clinical-parameter-derived composite models (GALAD, GAAP, ASAP, aMAP, Doylestown), may improve detect...

Automated processing techniques such as automated fiber placement (AFP) or automated tape laying (ATL) are well known nowadays. However, there is still a lot of potential for these methods to achieve better results, especially for large and complex c...

Despite vaccination programs and direct antiviral treatments, the incidence of virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains high, while ultrasound-based detection rates for early-stage HCC is continuously low. To address this insufficiency, w...

Nowadays, developing a cost-effective, easy-to-operate, and efficient signal amplification platform is of important to microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPAD) for end-use markets of point-of-care (POC) assay applications. Herein, an ult...

Fiber tow-gaps and overlaps formed during the Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) process pose a significant challenge by introducing non-uniform composite morphologies, often characterized by resin-rich regions and fiber waviness. These defects occur as...

Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is widely used for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) management, yet its limited sensitivity and specificity restrict diagnostic and prognostic utility. In this study, we explore the clinical potential of AFP quantification...

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is measured during pregnancy in maternal serum to screen for, and in amniotic fluid to test for, neural tube defects. This study aimed to determine whether or not AFP is expressed in blastocoel fluid-conditioned media (BFCM) a...

Introduction: The prognostic role of tumor burden score (TBS) relative to pre-operative α -fetoprotein (AFP) levels among patients undergoing curative-intent resection of HCC has not been examined. Methods: Patients who underwent curative-intent rese...

The biomarkers α-fetoprotein (AFP), Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive AFP fraction (AFP-L3), and des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) have emerging implications in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance, overall prognosis, and post-surgical recurren...

Beetle hyperactive antifreeze protein (AFP) has a unique ability to maintain a supercooling state of its body fluids, however, less is known about its origination. Here, we found that a popular stag beetle Dorcus hopei binodulosus (Dhb) synthesizes a...

Surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis syndrome (AFP) in children under 15 is the backbone of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative. Laboratory examination of stool samples from AFP cases allows the detection of, along with polioviruses, a variet...

Small cell undifferentiated (SCU) histology and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels below 100 ng/mL have been reported as poor prognostic factors in hepatoblastoma (HB); subsequent studies reported SMARCB1 mutations in some SCU HBs confirming the diagnosi...

Background and Objectives: Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a recognized affordable oncological marker in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, AFP’s prognostic role has been assessed mainly after specific treatments, and no un...

Cells for therapeutic use are often preserved at +4 °C, and the storage period is generally limited to 2–3 days. Here, we report that the survival rate (%) of mammalian cells is improved to 10–20 days when they are preserved with a su...

LC-SPIK is a liver cancer-specific isoform of Serine Protease Inhibitor Kazal and has been proposed as a new biomarker for the detection of HCC given its unique 3D structure, which differs from normal pancreatic SPIK. An ELISA technology based on its...

Antimicrobial resistance, particularly the emergence of resistant strains in fungal pathogens, has become a pressing global health concern. Antifungal peptides (AFPs) have shown great potential as a promising alternative therapeutic strategy due to t...

Background/Objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a major cause of cancer-related mortality, with diagnostic limitations of existing biomarkers such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). This study evaluates plasma Fibrinogen chain A mRNA (FGA mRNA...